Journal of Building Materials and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Hydration Behaviour and Characteristics of Binary Blended Metakaolin Cement Pastes","authors":"Abah Joseph Apeh","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1606","url":null,"abstract":"Cement production consume large amount of energy to form clinker and carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted into the atmosphere causing global warming. To mitigate this challenge, the use of Metakaolin (MK) as supplementary cementitious material cannot be over emphasized. This study evaluated the use of Metakaolin (MK) on hydration development of MK--PC blended cements and strength of Mortars. The MK with a Blaine fineness of 7883 cm2/g was used to replace Portland Cement (PC) at a level of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 % by mass of PC at a constant w/b ratio of 0.50 to prepare blended cements. Hydration development of blended cement and compressive strength of Mortars were investigated using chemically bond water and free-lime contents and strength tests respectively. X – Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques were also utilised in the analysis of Pozzolanic reaction and hydration products. Test results indicates that Water of consistency, setting times for the mixes increased with increase in MK contents, influence of MK on the chemically bond water and free Lime contents of the blended cements were due to its filler and dilution effects and Pozzolanic reaction. The cumulative non-evaporable water and free-lime contents increased by partial replacement of PC with MK due to PC hydration and Pozzolanic reaction. The tested Mortar prepared with blended cements with 30 % PC replacement with MK shows a retardation of strength development with a low value at early ages (7 days) and increased in growth at later ages (28 days). The compressive strength of tested mortar for 90 days curing age for the blended mortar is 31 N/mm2 close to that of control Mortar (35 N/mm2). The results obtained from XRD and SEM analysis indicated increase in Calcium Hydroxide (CH) consumption and Calcium Silicate hydrate (C-S-H) formation in blended cement pastes with curing time. The PC replacement with MK induced changes in Microstructures of blended cement paste and chemical composition of hydration products. These results are potentials for modelling the behaviour of MK-PC blended cements.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42888467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basalt Powder Waste Application as Affordable Concrete Admixture","authors":"Leopold Mbereyaho, Niyoyita Jean Bosco, Kim Augustin, Ntakiyimana Desire","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1373","url":null,"abstract":"Different weather conditions, like temperature and humidity influence on the performance of concrete structures to which they are normally subjected, especially at earlier stage of their service life. One of practical measures has been the regulation of the setting time of fresh concrete. Some admixtures are used in concrete to regulate the setting time and therefore increase structures performance under given situation. Almost all admixtures used in Rwanda are being imported from outside the country and this is one of factors affecting the construction cost. A big quantity of basalt powder at different sites in the country is left without being used and has been negatively impacting the environment. This study aimed at analyzing the potentials of basalt powder waste used in concrete as admixtures in different percentages, e.g. 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Different investigations on concrete incorporating basalt powder as admixture, such as the setting time, workability and compression tests were conducted. The results showed that the gradual incorporation of basalt powder waste as admixture up to 20%, accelerated the setting time more than 13 times, but decreased the compressive strength of concrete by around 24.5%, with comparison to normal concrete strength. The application of basalt waste in concrete would contribute not only to the reduction of environmental pollution but also to the provision of more affordable admixtures for mortar and concrete.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45662741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of dune sand of Djelfa (Algeria) treated by hydraulic binders in pavement foundations","authors":"A. Smaida, Rihab Cheriet, S. Haddadi, A. Nechnech","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1897","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is the study and the valorization of sand dune which is found in abundance in the region of Djelfa (Algeria); for use in pavement foundations. For this investigation a method of formulation has been proposed, which based on the stabilization of this local material using a mixture of two hydraulic binders. Various mixtures were subjected to classification tests, tests grain size distributions, tests of compaction with modified Proctor, shear strength, tests of bearing pressure (CBR unsoaked and soaked), compressive strength and tensile strength. The results obtained have shown that some mixtures are of high mechanical characteristics and could be then used in road foundations.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45338641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free vibrational analysis of composite beams reinforced with randomly aligned and oriented carbon nanotubes, resting on an elastic foundation","authors":"Mohammed Chatbi, Zouaoui R. Harrat, Tahir Ghazoul, M. Bachir Bouiadjra","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1895","url":null,"abstract":"The main interest of this paperwork is to examinate the dynamic behavior (free vibrational response) of carbon nanotubes (CNT) composite beams standing on an elastic foundation of Winkler-Pasternak’s. The affected beam consists of a polymer matrix reinforced with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT’s), in which, a large number of CNT’s reinforcement of infinite length are distributed in a linear elastic polymer matrix. In this study the CNT’s are considered either aligned or randomly oriented on the matrix. \u0000A refined high-order beam theory (RBT) is adopted in the present analysis using a new shape function. The refined beam theory which is summarized by differentiating the displacement along the beam transverse section into shear and bending components, initially the material properties of the composite beam (CNTRC) are estimated using the Mori-Tanaka’s method. The beam is considered simply supported on the edge-lines. NAVIER’s solutions are proposed to solve the boundary conditions problems. Since there are no results to compare with in the literature; the results in this study are compared with a free vibrational analysis of an isotropic beam.  Several aspects such as the length/thickness ratio, volume fraction of nanotubes, and vibrational modes are carried out in the parametric study.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47961295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Static and dynamic behaviors of laminated composite plates resting on elastic foundation","authors":"Tahir Ghazoul, M. A. Benatta, M. Bachir Bouiadjra","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1882","url":null,"abstract":"This present study consists to analyze the mechanical buckling and the free vibration stabilities of antisymmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminated composite plates using a refined high order shear deformation theory of four variables against five in other high order theories. Among the advantages of this new theory it takes into consideration the shearing effect in the calculation of deformation without the need for shear correction factors and giving rise to a variation of the shear stresses along the thickness and satisfying the zero shear stresses condition in faces of the plate. The laminate resting on the Pasternak elastic foundation, including a shear layer and Winkler spring, are considered. The equations of the motion are derived from Hamilton’s principal. The closed form solution of simply supported rectangular plates has been obtained by using the Navier method. In addition, the effects of various parameters of the laminated composite plate on static buckling and dynamic are presented.  ","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48278044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic analysis of Souk Tlata dam behaviour using finite element simulation","authors":"S. Louadj, Lila Smail","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v9i1.1374","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, earthquake resistance of Souk Tlata earth dam was examined. It corresponds to a preliminary investigation of the behaviour of the dam under earthquake loading with a dominant frequency close to the fundamental frequency of the dam. The dam was modeled with plane-strain finite elements using Plaxis-2D program. The behaviour of both the fill and core of the dam is described using the simple non associated Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The development of the safety factors as a function of the displacement of the dam crest dam reveals that the static stability of the dam under conditions of drawdown is not assured. Dynamic analyses are conducted under a real earthquake motion, which corresponds to the main shock of May 21, 2003 in Algeria. The results show that the seismic loading, with peak acceleration exceeding 0.10g, induces significant settlement at the crest of the dam and substantial displacement in the upper part of the rip-rap in the upstream side.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41643714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical characteristics of compressed earth blocks, compressed stabilized earth blocks and stabilized adobe bricks with cement in the town of Ngaoundere - Cameroon","authors":"Janvier Goutsaya, G. Ntamack, B. Kenmeugne, S. Charif d'Ouazzane","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1441","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to examine the effects of cement stabilization on the mechanical stress of compressed stabilized earth blocks (CSEBs) and adobe stabilized earth bricks (ASEBs). Hence, this work is based on an experimental study carried out in order to determine the geotechnical properties of the samples soil, namely, the dry particle size analysis after washing, the particle size distribution by sedimentometry, Atterberg limits, and the preparation of specimens with different levels of cement  proportions. Moreover, single compression and three-point bending compression out on specimens measuring 4x4x4cm3 and 4x4x16cm3 respectively. The findings indicate that dosing with 8% cement results in a clear increase in compression stress of approximately 25.55% for CSEBs compared to the reference set at 0% and 22.85% for ASEBs. On the other hand, for a dosage of 4%, we observe a slight increase in stress by simple compression of around 3.26% for CSEBs and 3.14% for ASEBs. For three-point bending compression for a cement dosage of 8%, there is also an increase in stress of about 25% for the CSEBs compared to the reference taken at 0% and 23.02% for the ASEBs.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41864542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical Equation for Concrete Made With PPC or OPC with Fly Ash by Accelerated Mix Design Method","authors":"P. Ojha, Suresh Kumar, Manish K. Mandre, P. Mittal, Brijesh Singh, Arora V V","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1487","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of 28 days strength from accelerated strength (1 day) can be extremely helpful. Early prediction of 28 days compressive strength is required basically for two purposes. First, to finalize the concrete mix proportions in the laboratory and secondly, for quality control purpose during construction. Through this concept designers can easily identify the uncalculated errors during mix design or variations in materials and exposure conditions etc. and take necessary correction and modification measures to attain the desired strengths at 28 days. As per IS: 9013 methodology to predict the 28 days strength of concrete from accelerated cured strength are indicated only for normal/control concrete. In the past few year focus has shifted from Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) to Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC). Fly ash is also being used widely at sites as replacement of OPC. However, there is no such guideline available by which the assessment of 28 days strength of Indian fly ash concrete can be made from accelerated strength tests.  In the present study an attempt has been made to predict the expected 28 days compressive strength of concrete having PPC or OPC with fly ash using accelerated temperature regime methods. The experimental study includes the use of 2 brands of PPC, 5 brands of OPC and 2 sources of fly ash for replacement of OPC ranging from 20% to 45 %. Two temperature regimes 900C and 820C were used for accelerated curing. The samples were cured for 7.5 hours and 20hours respectively in each regime for expected 28 day compressive strength. The mathematical equations to estimate the 28 days compressive strength of concrete, cured at 900C for 7.5 hours for mixes having PPC, OPC mixed with fly ash 20% to 35% is fexp28 = 1.223 facs +2.024. The mathematical equations to estimate the 28 days compressive strength of concrete, cured at 900C for 7.5 hours for mixes having PPC, OPC mixed with fly ash more than 35% and up to 45% is fexp28 = 0.993 facs + 6.044.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43810303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Guinea Corn Husk-Cow Hair Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Cement Composite","authors":"J. Alomaja, A. Jimoh, U. Wilson, O. Joseph, M. Akinleye, Joseph Adeleke","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1333","url":null,"abstract":"This research work presents the application of guinea corn husk (GCH) and cow hair (CH) fibres as reinforcement in cement composite. The influence of the hybrid fibre volume on the flexural performance of the composite has been studied experimentally. The mechanical (flexural strength) and physical (density, water absorptivity, moisture content) characteristics of the GCH-CH hybrid fibre reinforced composite were evaluated. The highest flexural strength was 22.37MPa, exhibited by the composite reinforced with 15% (12.5% GCH & 2.5% CH) hybrid fibre. The density of the GCH-CH hybrid composite ranged from 1019 to 1963 kg/m3. The water absorptivity varied from 22.59 to 38.16% and the moisture content ranged from 3.32 to 11.28%. These limits are within the range in standard therefore, the performance of the composite satisfies the requirements of BS EN 12467 standard for ceiling board.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42658752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pozzolanic Properties of White Cowpea Husk Ash","authors":"U. Wilson, Gambo Z, Mohammed I S, E. O. C., O. S. O.","doi":"10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v8i2.1375","url":null,"abstract":"This research attempts to empirically investigate the pozzolanic properties of White Cowpea Husk Ash (WCHA), an agricultural biomass waste, at different percentages of its use as partial replacement of cement in concrete. WCHA was obtained after the calcination of white cowpea husk for 3 hours at 5500C. X-ray Florescence (XRF) analysis performed revealed that the sample of WCHA is a Class C pozzolana, which contains 65.4% of the combination of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3. The WCHA shows increase in consistency with increase in the WCHA content. This was attributed to the high Loss of Ignition (LOI) of WCHA compared to that of the cement. In addition, the results indicated that the initial and final setting time of WCHA – Cement blended concrete increase with increase in the WCHA content. The delay in setting times of WCPA-Cement paste could be attributable to the slower pozzolanic reaction. The density of the concrete decreased as the WCHA content increases. Generally the compressive strength of the WCHA concrete increased with increase in curing age and decreases as the WCHA content increased from a strength of 28.6 to 20.0 N/mm2 giving a percentage reduction of 30.1 %. The strength reduction is also attributed to the modification of the bonding properties of the binders’ hydrates.  However, the 28 days compressive strength of concrete with up to 10 % WCHA content (26.4 N/mm2) satisfied the design characteristic strength of 25 N/mm2. Beyond this limit, the compressive strength of the concrete fell below the design strength. Hence, 10 % WCHA could be regarded as the optimum dose for grade 25 concrete.","PeriodicalId":33130,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Building Materials and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48310223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}