Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX最新文献

{"title":"Carbon Absorption in Seagrasses in Tongkaina Coastal Waters, Bunaken District, Manado City, North Sulawesi","authors":"Dilivia J. Namoua, Adnan S. Wantasen, Khristin I. F. Kondoy, R. C. Kepel, Febry S. I. Menajang, W. Pelle","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.43485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.43485","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the types of seagrasses and calculate biomass and calculate how much carbon absorption in seagrasses was found in the location of Tongkaina Beach, Bunaken District, Manado City, North Sulawesi. The sampling procedure in the field is the method of cruising surveys. A cruising survey is a sample collection method that is carried out by walking through the coastal area of all seagrasses found.  After the sampling at the site is completed, the sample in the inventory is then photographed. The samples that have been obtained are analyzed in the laboratory using the loss on ignition (LOI) method. The results of the study on Tongkaina coastal waters covering an area of 25,000 meters with a coastal length of ±500 meters, in an area parallel to the coastline as wide as ±50 meters towards the sea and six types of seagrasses were obtained, namely: Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule uninervis, and Halodule pinifolia.  The biomass in seagrasses found had an average value of 78.10% with the highest individual seagrass biomass found in seagrass type Enhalus acoroides with a biomass value of 87.23grams of dry weight (gbk)/individual and the lowest type of seagrass individual biomass value was found in seagrass type seagrass with a biomass value of 66.67grams of dry weight (gbk)/individual.  The total carbon content calculated in the entire seagrass obtained was 46,0941gCKeywords: Tongkaina Beach; seagrasses; biomass; carbon absorptionAbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis lamun dan menghitung biomassa serta menghitung berapa serapan karbon pada lamun yang ditemukan dilokasi Perairan Pantai Tongkaina Kecamatan Bunaken Kota Manado Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Prosedur pengambilan sampel di lapangan menggunakan metode survei jelajah. Survei jelajah adalah metode pengumpulan sampel yang di lakukan dengan cara menyusuri daerah pantai terhadap semua lamun yang ditemukan. Setelah pengambilan sampel di lokasi selesai, sampel di inventarisir kemudian difoto. Sampel yang telah diperoleh dianalisa di laboratorium dengan menggunakann metode loss on ignition (LOI). Hasil penelitian pada perairan pantai Tongkaina seluas 25.000 meter dengan panjang pantai ±500 meter sejajar garis pantai dan lebar ±50 meter ke arah laut.  Ditemukan enam jenis lamun yaitu: Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule uninervis dan Halodule pinifolia. Biomassa pada lamun yang ditemukan memiliki nilai rata-rata 78,53% dengan biomassa individu lamun tertinggi terdapat pada lamun jenis Enhalus acoroides dengan nilai biomassa mencapai 87,23gram berat kering (gbk)/individu dan nilai biomassa individu jenis lamun terendah terdapat pada lamun jenis Syringodium isoetifolium dengan nilai biomassa 66,67gram berat kering (gbk)/individu. Untuk total kandungan karbon yang dihitung pada keseluruhan lamun yang didapat sebesar 46,0941gC.Kata kun","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123627974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Antibacterial Activity assay of Endophytic Symbiont Bacteria on Seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa originated from Batu Meja Tongkaina Beach, North Sulawesi","authors":"Yolanda Sirri, V. Warouw, I. Rumengan, D. Paransa, S. Undap, E. L. Ginting","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42226","url":null,"abstract":"Seaweed can produce bioactive compounds such as antibacterial. Seaweed co-exists with bacteria endophytes. Entophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in host tissues and have the ability to protect the host itself by producing antibacterial compounds against pathogens. Therefore, the endophytic bacteria of seaweed symbionts can be utilized to produce antibacterial compounds. Bacteria can be mass-cultured because of their fast-growing characteristic. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic symbiont bacteria on seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa originating from Batu Meja Tongkaina Beach, North Sulawesi. Isolation of bacteria was carried out by dilution steps from 101 to 10־3 times, then cultivation on Nutrient Agar media to obtain a single colony of the bacteria. Antibacterial activity was tested using the paper disc diffusion method. The pathogens used were bacterial strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Salmonella typhi. Moreover, antibiotics were used as positive controls. The antibacterial ability of the symbiotic bacteria was measured based on inhibition zones around the paper disc containing the isolates of endophytic bacteria. A total of 6 endophytic bacterial isolates were found, namely isolates B, C, D, E, F, and G, characterized by different morphological features. The results showed that isolates B and C have an inhibition zone of 0.5 – 1.0 mm against S. typhi, indicating that these two isolates produce antibacterial compounds with a weak ability against S. typhi.Keywords: Bacteria, Antibacterial, G. verrucosa, Endophytic symbiont.AbstrakRumput laut merupakan tumbuhan alga yang menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif seperti antibakteri. Rumput laut hidup berdampingan dengan bakteri secara endofit. Bakteri endofit adalah bakteri yang hidup dalam jaringan inang dan memiliki kemampuan untuk melindungi inangnya sendiri terhadap patogen dengan memproduksi senyawa antibakteri.  Oleh karena itu, bakteri endofit dari simbion rumput laut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menghasilkan senyawa antibakteri. Selain itu, Bakteri dapat dikultur secara masal karena sifatnya yang cepat tumbuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari bakteri simbion endofit pada rumput laut Gracilaria verrucosa asal Pantai Batu Meja Tongkaina Sulawesi Utara. Isolasi bakteri dilakukan dengan melalui tahapan pengenceran 10-1 sampai 10-3, kemudian ditumbuhkan pada media Nutrient Agar untuk mendapatkan satu koloni bakteri. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi kertas cakram dengan menggunakan bakteri uji Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, dan Salmonella typhi. Antibiotik digunakan sebagai kontrol positif. Kemampuan antibakteri dari bakteri simbion diukur berdasarkan zona hambat yang terbentuk di sekitar kertas cakram yang berisi isolat bakteri endofit. Sebanyak 6 isolat bakteri endofit ditemukan, yaitu isolat B, C, D, E, F dan G, dengan ciri mor","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127702672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and Morfometric Study of Crabs Species Caught on the Coast of Mokupa, Minahasa District, North Sulawesi","authors":"Widya Pelafu, D. Paransa, D. Mantiri, Kurnia Kemer, R. Bara, Nego E. Batarogoa","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42283","url":null,"abstract":"Crabs are organisms that have been found moving actively in tidal areas. One is in the coastal area of Mokupa, Whare the study boasts a great diversity of poorly informed crabs. this study aims to identify the morphology and diversity of crab species during the full moon and late nephew phase. The location for sampling is on the coast of Mokupa Beach, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi.  This research was conducted using the roaming method and captured directly at night at the lowest low tide based on the phases of the full moon and late nephew. Furthermore, the collected crabs were identified by morphology, body length, body color, carapace shape, pair of claws, walking legs, and abdomen, and morphometric calculations were performed. Based on the morphological identification found, namely: Thalamita crenata, Geograpsus crinipes, Selatium brocki, and Sesarmops impressus.Keywords: Coastal beaches, Morphology, Crab type. AbstrakKepiting merupakan organisme yang ditemukan bergerak aktif di daerah pasang surut. Salah satunya di daerah pesisir Pantai Mokupa, lokasi ini memiliki banyak keanekaragaan jenis kepiting yang belum terinfomasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi morfologi dan keanekaragaman jenis kepiting saat fase bulan purnama dan perbani akhir. Lokasi penangkapan sampel di pesisir Pantai Mokupa, Kabupaten Minahasa.Sulawesi Utara, dilakukan mengunakan metode jelajah dan ditangkap langsung pada ­waktu malam hari saat surut terendah berdasarkan fase bulan purnama dan perbani akhir. Selanjutnya, kepiting yang yang terkumpul diidentifikasi morfologi diamati ukuran panjang tubuh, warna tubuh, bentuk karapas, sepasang capit, kaki jalan dan abdomen, serta dilakukan perhitungan morfometrik. Berdasarkan identifikasi morfologi ditemukan, yaitu: Thalamita crenata, Geograpsus crinipes, Selatium brocki dan Sesarmops impressus. Kata  kunci: Pesisir pantai,  Morfologi, Jenis kepiting.","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122060313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crustacea Brachyura Morphology And Morphometrically in Buloh Beach Intertidal Zone, Minahasa District, North Sulawesi","authors":"Jumeini Jumeini, D. Paransa, J. Schaduw, D. Mantiri, W. Pelle, Gaspar D. Manu","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42078","url":null,"abstract":"Brachyura crabs, especially coastal crabs, live in the intertidal zone with zone shape sandy beaches, muddy beaches, and rocky beaches. The colors on the crab’s carapace are caused by the presence of carotenoid pigments. The purpose of the study was to identify crabs morphologically and morphometrically. The sampling location was in Buloh Beach, Tateli Weru Village, Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. Sampling using the cruise method, which is a research activity carried out by tracing the coastal area at the lowest tide by capturing organisms as samples directly. The crab samples found then morphologically identified by observing the color and shape of the carapace, claws, walking legs, presence of spines on the carapace, carapace size, abdomen shape, the characteristics of the leg organs presence of hair (setae), and morphometric calculations were also carried out. Based on the morphology of the crabs found, namely: Grapsus albolineatus (Latreille in Milbert, 1812), Atergatis floridus (Linnaeus, 1767), Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793), and Uca (Galasimus) tetragonon (Herbst, 1790)Keywords: Buloh Beach; Brachyura; Morphology; morphometrically; DiversityAbstrakKepiting brachyura khususnya kepiting pesisir hidup di zona intertidal dengan bentuk zona pantai berpasir, pantai berlumpur dan pantai berbatu. warna-warna pada karapas kepiting disebabkan karena adanya kandungan pigmen karotenoid. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi kepiting secara morfologi dan morfometrik. Lokasi pengambilan sampel di Pantai Buloh, Desa Tateli Weru, Kecamatan Mandolang, Kabupaten Minahasa, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode jelajah (cruise methods) yaitu suatu kegiatan penelitian dilakukan dengan menelusuri daerah pesisir pantai saat surut terendah dengan menangkap organisme sebagai sampel secara langsung. Sampel kepiting yang ditemukan kemudian dilakukan identifikasi morfologi dengan memperhatikan warna dan bentuk karapas, capit, kaki jalan, keberadaan duri pada karapas, ukuran karapas, bentuk abdomen dan ciri-ciri organ kakinya seperti keberadaan rambut (setae), serta dilakukan perhitungan morfometrik. Berdasarkan identifikasi morfologi kepiting yang ditemukan, yaitu: Grapsus albolineatus (Latreille in Milbert, 1812), Atergatis floridus (Linnaeus, 1767), Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793), dan  Uca (Galasimus) tetragonon (Herbst, 1790).Kata kunci : Pantai Buloh; Brachyura; Morfologi; Morfometrik; Keanekaragaman","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122657402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Bacteria of Seagrass Symbiont Enhalus acoroides from Tiwoho Waters, North Minahasa","authors":"Ni Komang Pitri Purniasih, E. L. Ginting, S. Wullur, R. E. Mangindaan, N. D. Rumampuk, S. B. Pratasik","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42485","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient-poor marine bacteria are often found to form a living mechanism by associating with other marine organisms such as seagrass E. acoroides. Seagrass serves as a habitat for marine biota and is known to produce bioactive compounds. Endophytic microbes that are symbiotic in seagrass have the ability to produce bioactive compounds similar to the bioactive compounds produced by their host. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain isolates of symbiont bacteria and to test their antibacterial activity. The symbiotic bacteria isolates were tested for their antibacterial activity using gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and S. typhi, and gram-positive bacteria such as S. aureus and S. mutans. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the paper disc method. Observation of antibacterial activity was carried out for 3x24 hours by observing the growth of the resulting inhibition zone. The zone of inhibition was measured to determine the diameter and strength of the bioactive compounds produced by symbiotic bacteria. A total of five isolates of symbiotic bacteria were obtained from the seagrass E. acoroides with varied morphological characteristics. The five isolates of symbiont bacteria showed antibacterial activity and could inhibit and kill pathogenic bacteria. One of the five isolates of symbiotic bacteria that produced the largest diameter of the inhibition zone was isolates F (En3) 4 mm in S. mutans test bacteria.Keywords: Antibacterial, Isolation, E. acoroides, Symbionts, TiwohoAbstrakBakteri laut yang miskin nutrisi banyak dijumpai membentuk mekanisme hidup dengan cara berasosiasi dengan organisme laut lainnya seperti lamun E. acoroides. Lamun berfungsi sebagai habitat biota laut dan diketahui dapat menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif. Mikroba endofit yang bersimbiosis pada lamun mempunyai kemampuan untuk memproduksi senyawa-senyawa bioaktif yang serupa dengan senyawa bioaktif yang diproduksi inangnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri simbion serta menguji aktivitas antibakterinya. Isolat bakteri simbion diuji aktivitas antibakterinya menggunakan bakteri uji gram negatif seperti E. coli dan S. typhi, dan bakteri uji gram positif seperti S. aureus dan S. mutans. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode kertas cakram. Pengamatan aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan selama 3x24 jam dengan mengamati pertumbuhan zona hambat yang dihasilkan. Zona hambat diukur untuk mengetahui diameter dan kekuatan senyawa bioaktif yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri simbion.  Sebanyak lima isolat bakteri simbion yang didapatkan dari lamun E. acoroides dengan karakteristik morfologi yang bevariasi. Kelima isolat bakteri simbion menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri dan dapat menghambat serta membunuh bakteri pathogen. Satu dari lima isolat bakteri simbion menghasilkan diameter zona hambat terbesar adalah F (En3) 4 mm pada pada bakteri uji S. mutans.Kata kunci: Antibakteri, Isolasi, E. acoroides, Simbion, Tiwoho","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125144758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phycoeritryn Pigments In Carrageenan From Algae Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty 1996","authors":"Abigael Joanete Tumalun, D. Mantiri, Darus Sa'adah Johanis Paransa, R. Rompas, Kurnia Kemer, Joppy D. Mudeng","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42456","url":null,"abstract":"Kappaphycus alvarezii is a marine alga cultivated in Indonesia and produces carrageenan. Carrageenan is a product used in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. This study aimed to test the viscosity and gel strength of refined carrageenan with the addition of natural dye phycoerythrin from the algae Halymenia durvillei with different concentrations. Refine carrageenan was made using alkaline solvents of 4% NaOH and 5% KOH and then boiled using a pressure cooker. The results showed a reddish color change in the pure carrageenan refinement with the addition of phycoerythrin pigment, especially at a concentration of 50%. The average value of refined carrageenan viscosity for 4% NaOH concentration was 49.22 – 50.27 cP, and 5% KOH concentration ranged from 47.16 – 50.12 cP. Testing the gel strength of the refined carrageenan, the average NaOH 4% was 72.67 – 82.00 mm/g/sec, and the 5% KOH concentration was 81.00 – 81.78 mm/g/sec. The addition of phycoerythrin pigment to refine carrageenan had no effect on viscosity and gel strength. Drying at a temperature of 100oC obtained a water content of semi-refined carrageenan between 2.91 - 4.38%, this value is in accordance with the standard for carrageenan water content from FAO, which is a maximum of 12%.Keywords: Carrageenan, phycoerythrin pigments, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Halymenia durvillei, viscosity, gel strength.AbstrakKappaphycus alvarezii merupakan alga laut yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia dan penghasil karagenan. Karagenan merupakan suatu produk yang digunakan dalam industri kosmetik, makanan, dan juga farmasi. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menguji viskositas dan kekuatan gel terhadap karagenan refine yang ditambahkan pigmen fikoeritrin dari alga Halymenia durvillei dengan perbedaan konsentrasi. Karagenan refine dibuat dengan menggunakan pelarut alkali NaOH 4% dan KOH 5% selanjutnya direbus dengan tekanan tinggi. Hasil yang didapat menunjukan bahwa terjadi perubahan warna kemerahan pada karagenan refine dengan penambahan pigmen fikoeritrin, terutama pada konsentrasi 50%. Nilai rata-rata viskositas karagenan refine untuk konsentrasi NaOH 4% adalah 49.22 – 50.27 cP, dan konsentrasi KOH 5% berkisar 47.16 – 50.12 cP. Pengujian kekuatan gel pada karagenan refine diperoleh rata-rata NaOH 4% sebesar 72.67 – 82.00 mm/g/det dan konsentrasi KOH 5% adalah 81.00 – 81.78 mm/g/det. Penambahan pigmen pada karagenan refine tidak berpengaruh pada viskositas dan kekuatan gel. Pengeringan dengan suhu 100OC memperoleh kadar air pada karagenan semi refine antara 2.91 - 4.38%, nilai tersebut telah sesuai dengan standar kadar air karagenan dari FAO yaitu maksimum 12%.Kata kunci: Karagenan, pigmen fikoeritrin, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Halymenia durvillei, viskositas, kekuatan gel. ","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122279289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Coraline Algae In Meras Waters Bunaken District","authors":"Kristy Sofia Pondaag, G. Gerung, C. A. Sinjal, Calvyn F. A. Sondak, Sandra O. Tilaar, Reny L. Kreckhoff","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42462","url":null,"abstract":"Marine algae are part of marine organisms, especially plants, and are included in lower plants that do not have different skeletal structures such as roots, stems, and leaves. Although it looks different, algae is actually just a form of the thallus. Coralline algae belong to the Rhodophyta Division, Class Florideophycidae, Order Corallinales. Coralline algae are divided into two parts based on their shape (morphology), namely non-geniculate and geniculate. This study aims to identify the types of coralline algae that are crustose (non-geniculate) and branched (geniculate) found in Meras, Bunaken District and can explain the morphology of coralline algae in diffuse non-geniculate and geniculate forms. This research was conducted in Meras, Bunaken District by means of SCUBA diving at a depth of 3 – 7 meters, and samples were taken using the cruising survey method. After that, the samples were brought ashore for the next identification process. The results of the research that has been conducted on samples of coralline algae obtained in Meras, Bunaken District are that there are 2 types of non-geniculate, namely Peyssonnelia caulifera and Peyssonnelia Orientalis, and 1 species of geniculate, namely Tricleocarpa fragilis identified.Keywords: Identification, Coralline Algae, MerasAbstrakAlga laut adalah bagian dari organisme laut khususnya tumbuhan dan termasuk dalam tumbuhan tingkat rendah yang tidak mempunyai perbedaan susunan kerangka seperti akar, batang dan daun. Walaupun terlihat memiliki perbedaan, sebenarnya alga hanya merupakan bentuk talus belaka. Alga koralin tergolong kedalam Divisi Rhodophyta, Kelas Florideophycidae, Ordo Corallinales. Alga koralin terbagi menjadi dua bagian berdasarkan bentuknya (morfologi), yaitu non geniculate (tidak bercabang) dan geniculate (bercabang). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat mengidentifikasi jenis alga koralin bentuk tidak bercabang (non geniculate) dan bentuk bercabang (geniculate) yang terdapat di Perairan Meras, Kecamatan Bunaken serta dapat menjelaskan morfologi alga koralin bentuk tidak bercabang (non geniculate) dan bentuk bercabang (geniculate). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perairan Meras Kecamatan Bunaken dengan cara SCUBA diving pada kedalaman 3 – 7 meter dan sampel diambil menggunakan metode survey jelajah. Setelah itu sampel dibawa ke darat untuk proses identifikasi selanjutnya. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada sampel alga koralin yang didapat di Perairan Meras, Kecamatan Bunaken adalah terdapat 2 jenis spesies alga koralin bentuk tidak bercabang (non geniculate) yaitu Peyssonnelia caulifera dan Peyssonnelia orientalis serta 1 jenis spesies alga koralin bentuk bercabang (geniculate) yaitu Tricleocarpa fragilis yang berhasil teridentifikasi.Kata Kunci: Identifikasi, Alga Koralin, Meras","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124262204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity and Zoochemical Analysis of Sea Urchin Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778) Extract From Aertembaga Waters, Bitung City","authors":"Gebriela Rompas, R. Lintang, D. Sumilat, I. Rumengan, E. L. Ginting, Henneke D. Pangkey","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42322","url":null,"abstract":"Sea urchin is one of the marine biotas that produce bioactive compounds and has biological activity, one of which is antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the crude extract of D. setosum gonad and its fractionation against test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and to conduct a zoochemical analysis to determine the content of bioactive compounds. The antibacterial test used the disc diffusion method while the chemical analysis was carried out qualitatively. The results showed that the methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane fraction had antibacterial activity against the two test bacteria. The ethyl acetate fraction was the fraction that showed the highest antibacterial activity, its inhibition zone was 8 mm against S. aureus and 7,5 mm against E. coli. The zoochemical analyses of the ethyl acetate fraction from gonads extract showed positive results for alkaloid compound, phenolic, and saponinKeywords: Sea urchin Gonad, Antibacterial, Disc diffusion, Zoochemistry, ExtractionAbstrakBulu babi merupakan salah satu biota laut yang memproduksi senyawa bioaktif dan memiliki aktivitas biologis salah satunya adalah antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak kasar gonad bulu babi D. setosum dan hasil fraksinasi terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli serta melakukan analisis zookimia untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa bioaktif. Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram sedangkan analisis kimia dilakukan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan baik fraksi metanol, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi n-heksana memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap kedua bakteri uji. Fraksi etil asetat merupakan fraksi yang memperoleh aktivitas antibakteri tebaik dengan diameter zona hambat 8 mm terhadap bakteri S.aureus dan 7,5 mm terhadap bakteri E. coli. Hasil uji zookimia fraksi etil asetat menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak gonad D. setosum mengandung senyawa dari golongan alkaloid, fenolik, dan saponin.Kata kunci : Gonad Bulu Babi (D. setosum ), Antibakteri, difusi cakram, Zookimia, Ekstraksi","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114011875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Bioactive Compounds and Antibacterial Activity of Sea Cucumber, Holothuria (Halodeima) atra Jaeger 1833 Flesh Extract from Kalasey Coastal Waters, Minahasa District","authors":"Theresia Tessa Mewengkang, Rosita Anggreiny Lintang, Fitje Losung, D. Sumilat, L. Lumingas","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42271","url":null,"abstract":"Sea cucumbers are one of the marine biotas that contain bioactive compounds that have the potential as antibacterial ingredients. The purpose of this study was to perform antibacterial testing on fractions of the extract of the sea cucumber H. atra meat and to conduct a zoochemical analysis to determine the content of bioactive compounds that can inhibit bacterial growth. Antibacterial testing using disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The results showed that the methanol extract of sea cucumber flesh could inhibit the growth of both types of test bacteria. In antibacterial testing for S. aureus, the ethyl acetate fraction was 11.8 mm, the n-hexane fraction was 7 mm, and the methanol fraction was 8.6 mm, while for E. coli the ethyl acetate fraction was 10.88 mm, the n-hexane fraction was 7 mm, and 8.6 mm methanol fraction. The compounds contained in the ethyl acetate fraction of sea cucumber H. atra flesh extract are alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins which are compounds that can inhibit bacterial growth with their respective working mechanisms.Keywords: Disc diffusion, Extraction, Fractionation, Sea cucumber (H.atra), Zoo-chemical, AbstrakTeripang merupakan salah satu biota laut yang memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi sebagai bahan antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini melakukan pengujian antibakteri pada fraksi-fraksi dari ekstrak daging teripang H. atra dan melakukan analisis zookimia untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daging teripang memiliki dapat menghambat pertumbuhan kedua jenis bakteri uji. Pengujian antibakteri terhadap S. aureus fraksi etil asetat sebesar 11,8 mm, fraksi n-heksan 7 mm, dan fraksi metanol 8,6 mm sedangkan untuk bakteri E. coli fraksi etil asetat sebesar 10,88 mm, fraksi n heksana 7 mm, dan fraksi metanol 8,6 mm. Kandungan senyawa yang yang terkandung dalam fraksi etil asetat ekstrak daging teripang H. atra yaitu senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, dan saponin yang merupakan senyawa yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan mekanisme kerja masing-masing.Kata Kunci  : Difusi cakram, Ekstraksi, Fraksinasi , Teripang (H. atra), Zoo-kimia,","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"9 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132892273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect Of Lead Acetate (Pb(Ch3coo)2 On The Growth Of Marine Microalgaes Chlorella vulgaris (Beijerink, 1890)","authors":"Aprilisa Viony Jeheskiel, Kurnia Kemer, D. Mantiri, James J. H. Paulus, R. Rompas, Renny Khreekhoff","doi":"10.35800/jip.v10i2.42458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.42458","url":null,"abstract":"Microalgae are single-celled microorganisms, forming colonies and are very commonly found in large waters such as seas, lakes, rivers, and swamps. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and density of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in a controlled container with the administration of lead acetate at different concentrations. Cell growth of Chlorella vulgaris with samples of marine microalgae Chlorella vulgaris from culture containers. At the beginning of the exponential phase, the microalgae were given lead acetate in 3 containers with concentrations of 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm, and control/without treatment. The results showed that the growth of Chlorella vulgaris cells with lead acetate administration experienced unstable growth compared to those without lead acetate administration (control).Keywords: Microalgae; Chlorella vulgaris; Culture; Lead AcetateAbstrakMikroalga merupakan mikroorganisme bersel satu, membentuk koloni dan sangat banyak dijumpai di perairan besar seperti pada laut, danau, sungai serta perairan payau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan kepadatan mikroalga  Chlorella vulgaris dalam wadah terkontrol dengan pemberian timbal asetat pada konsentrasi yang berbeda. Pertumbuhan sel Chlorella vulgaris denga Sampel mikroalga laut Chlorella vulgaris berasal dari wadah kultur. Pada awal fase eksponensial, mikroalga diberikan timbal asetat ke dalam 3 wadah dengan konsentrasi 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm serta kontrol/tanpa perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan sel Chlorella vulgaris dengan pemberian timbal asetat mengalami pertumbuhan yang tidak stabil dibandingkan tanpa pemberian timbal asetat (kontrol).Kata kunci: Mikroalga;  Chlorella vulgaris;  Kultur; Timbal Asetat","PeriodicalId":331202,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"104 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115521584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}