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Attack Scenarios Generation Algorithm Based on Discrete Event System Formalism 基于离散事件系统形式的攻击场景生成算法
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672376
Alexis Raynaud, Théo Serru, Nga Nguyen
{"title":"Attack Scenarios Generation Algorithm Based on Discrete Event System Formalism","authors":"Alexis Raynaud, Théo Serru, Nga Nguyen","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672376","url":null,"abstract":"To help automatize the security risk assessment process of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), we propose a tool based on Discrete Event Systems (DES) to model the architecture and the behavior of CPS in the presence of cyberattacks. Then, we present a lightweight algorithm to generate all the attack scenarios threatening a system, i.e. the sequences of attacks leading to a critical state (e.g. loss of control, collision, etc.). This kind of generation being prone to combinatorial explosion, our algorithm embeds state-space reduction capabilities focused on the specificities of cyber-physical attacks. Finally, we illustrate the performance of our algorithm on a case study: the navigation system of an autonomous vessel. This work can be seen as an alternative to heavy tools expressed in specific languages. It is open source and aims to give a good compromise between expressiveness, modeling time and computational power.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"137 1","pages":"100 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141376765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring Trade-offs in Explainable AI 探索可解释人工智能中的权衡问题
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672363
Dene Brown, Glenn Hawe
{"title":"Exploring Trade-offs in Explainable AI","authors":"Dene Brown, Glenn Hawe","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672363","url":null,"abstract":"Machine Learning (ML) models are increasingly used in systems that involve physical human interaction or decision-making systems that impact human health and safety. Ensuring that these systems are safe and reliable is an important topic of current AI research. For many ML models it is unclear how a prediction (output) is arrived at from the provided features (input). Critical systems cannot blindly trust the predictions of such \"black box\" models, but instead need additional reassurance via insight into the model's reasoning. A range of methods exist within the field of Explainable AI (XAI) to make the reasoning of black box ML models more understandable and transparent. The explanations provided by XAI methods may be evaluated in a number of (competing) ways. In this paper, we investigate the trade-off between selected metrics for an XAI method called UnRAvEL, which is similar to the popular LIME approach. Our results show that by weighting the terms within the acquisition function used in UnRAvEL, different trade-offs can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"9 17","pages":"36 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141378428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A POSIX/RTEMS Monitoring Tool and a Benchmark to Detect Real-Time Scheduling Anomalies 用于检测实时调度异常的 POSIX/RTEMS 监控工具和基准程序
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672367
Blandine Djika, Georges Kouamou, F. Singhoff, A. Plantec
{"title":"A POSIX/RTEMS Monitoring Tool and a Benchmark to Detect Real-Time Scheduling Anomalies","authors":"Blandine Djika, Georges Kouamou, F. Singhoff, A. Plantec","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672367","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with scheduling anomalies in real-time systems. We present MONANO, a POSIX user-level library allowing applications to dynamically detect a preidentified set of real-time scheduling anomalies. The MONANO library is based on the modelling of architecture and runtime constraints. MONANO monitors during the runtime the timing behavior of the application and deduces properties needed to identify scheduling anomalies. We present also a benchmark to evaluate our approach. The benchmark is composed of several programs implementing the most frequent real-time scheduling anomalies.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"26 27","pages":"62 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
VR-Based Teleoperation of Autonomous Vehicles for Operation Recovery 基于 VR 的自动驾驶汽车远程操作以恢复运行
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672361
Georg Jäger, G. Licht, Norman Seyffer, Stefan Reitmann
{"title":"VR-Based Teleoperation of Autonomous Vehicles for Operation Recovery","authors":"Georg Jäger, G. Licht, Norman Seyffer, Stefan Reitmann","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672361","url":null,"abstract":"While research will enable the deployment of autonomous systems in harsh and inaccessible environments, their operation may be interrupted due to unforeseen situations. A possibility to recover operation nonetheless is to employ teleoperation. However, what requirements and criteria need to be fulfilled by such a system when deployed in safety-critical operation scenarios? How can a timely and safe operation recovery be ensured? The present work aims to report our progress in developing a research platform for addressing these and similar questions.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"56 2","pages":"25 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141378136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multi-criteria Analysis and Optimization in the AMPERE Ecosystem AMPERE 生态系统中的多标准分析与优化
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672375
Sara Royuela, Adrian Munera, Eduardo Quiñones, Tiago Carvalho, Luís Miguel Pinho, Mohammad Samadi, Tommaso Cucinotta, Gabriele Ara, Francesco Paladino, Sergio Mazzola, Thomas Benz
{"title":"Multi-criteria Analysis and Optimization in the AMPERE Ecosystem","authors":"Sara Royuela, Adrian Munera, Eduardo Quiñones, Tiago Carvalho, Luís Miguel Pinho, Mohammad Samadi, Tommaso Cucinotta, Gabriele Ara, Francesco Paladino, Sergio Mazzola, Thomas Benz","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672375","url":null,"abstract":"The AMPERE project is developing the next generation of high-performance and energy efficient Cyber-Physical Systems supporting multi-criteria optimization. This paper provides the general overview of the AMPERE approach to analyse and optimize parallel real-time applications in heterogeneous platforms. More specifically, it details how parallel OpenMP programs are generated from AMALTHEA models, and the multi-criteria optimization methodology, considering the fault-tolerance, time and energy properties of the targeted applications.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":"94 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141381654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance Study of Object Tracking with Multiple Kalman Filters in Autonomous Driving Systems 自动驾驶系统中使用多重卡尔曼滤波器进行物体跟踪的性能研究
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672374
Alessio Medaglini, Sandro Bartolini
{"title":"Performance Study of Object Tracking with Multiple Kalman Filters in Autonomous Driving Systems","authors":"Alessio Medaglini, Sandro Bartolini","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672374","url":null,"abstract":"Object tracking is an important and central aspect of autonomous driving, as it underlies the obstacle detection and avoidance systems of any type of autonomous vehicles. A widely used method for tracking is based on Kalman filters, both for linear and non-linear cases, with different computational burden. Unfortunately, object tracking algorithms are computationally intensive, and they may not easily meet the efficiency and responsiveness requirements of real-time applications such as autonomous driving. This issue motivates ad-hoc investigations to speed up the computation and make Kalman filtering available even within limited computational power. This paper carry out a performance evaluation of a Kalman filter based object tracking system taken from a real tramway use-case, and aims at improving its performance efficiency by leveraging parallelization. In particular, this work analyzes the possibilities of execution parallelization on multi-core processors, proposing a target-specific optimization approach and comparing the obtained results, then summing them in general lessons learned. Our technique achieves up to 80% reduction of single frame processing time in the most crowded cases.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"9 3‐4","pages":"89 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploiting Container-Based Microservices forReliable Smart Mobility Applications 利用基于容器的微服务实现可靠的智能移动应用
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672365
E. Sisinni, A. Flammini, M. Gaffurini, P. Ferrari
{"title":"Exploiting Container-Based Microservices forReliable Smart Mobility Applications","authors":"E. Sisinni, A. Flammini, M. Gaffurini, P. Ferrari","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672365","url":null,"abstract":"Smart mobility is emerging, addressing heterogeneous scenarios with high impact on technology infrastructures, solutions, and people. Safety and availability are mandatory, forcing the design of new reliable services for localization, health monitoring of the user, maintenance of vehicle, and protection of the environment. This paper proposes a container-based microservice approach to the edge computing in IoT smart mobility scenarios. Since smart mobility backends must manage a large heterogeneity of applications, the proposed approach is promising with respect to the classical solutions (based on \"monolithic hardware+software\" devices), from the point of view of flexibility, upgradability, security, scalability, and reliability. A demo use case, based on industry-grade hardware and Docker, has been realized and multiple implementations of the same services have been executed in parallel, showing strong independence between them. Moreover, average delays of less than 10 ms are obtained, confirming the usability in several smart mobility (and smart city) applications.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"347 15","pages":"52 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141380767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Real-Time Parallel Programming Approach for Rust Rust 的实时并行编程方法
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672366
Tiago Carvalho, Hugo Silva, Luís Miguel Pinho
{"title":"A Real-Time Parallel Programming Approach for Rust","authors":"Tiago Carvalho, Hugo Silva, Luís Miguel Pinho","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672366","url":null,"abstract":"The development of real-time systems is one of the areas with the highest relevance in computer science, and the number of critical systems has increased significantly. These systems considers several applications running concurrently, and inside each of those applications code might be parallelized to improve their performance and control the priority of each parallelizable task. Several efforts have been done in different programming languages to provide real-time systems with parallel programming models, whether by code extensions or annotations, or with specific features in the actual language core.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"10 9","pages":"57 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The MORPHEMIC Project on the Data Intensive E-Brain Science Case Study 关于数据密集型电子脑科学案例研究的 MORPHEMIC 项目
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672371
Amina Moussaoui, Alessandra Bagnato
{"title":"The MORPHEMIC Project on the Data Intensive E-Brain Science Case Study","authors":"Amina Moussaoui, Alessandra Bagnato","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672371","url":null,"abstract":"The MORPHEMIC project covers several features from modelling cross-cloud applications, continuous and autonomous optimization and deployment and providing access to several cloud capabilities for data intensive application needing on one hand more and more resources, and, on the other hand, to support different models, such as Edge and Fog, besides the Cloud.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"11 S9","pages":"73 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The ADMORPH Approach for Adaptively Morphing Embedded Systems 自适应变形嵌入式系统的 ADMORPH 方法
ACM Sigada Ada Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1145/3672359.3672372
A. Pimentel, C. Grelck, L. Miedema, D. Sapra, M. Völp, F. Lucchetti, A. Matovic, M. Maggio, N. Vreman, S. Altmeyer, F. Haas, A. Casimiro, J. Cecílio, G. Jäger, A. Espindola, S. Skalistis, J. Kouwer, G. D. Lange, J. Almeida, H. Blasum, M. Brotz, S. Wagner, P. Novobílský
{"title":"The ADMORPH Approach for Adaptively Morphing Embedded Systems","authors":"A. Pimentel, C. Grelck, L. Miedema, D. Sapra, M. Völp, F. Lucchetti, A. Matovic, M. Maggio, N. Vreman, S. Altmeyer, F. Haas, A. Casimiro, J. Cecílio, G. Jäger, A. Espindola, S. Skalistis, J. Kouwer, G. D. Lange, J. Almeida, H. Blasum, M. Brotz, S. Wagner, P. Novobílský","doi":"10.1145/3672359.3672372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672372","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing performance demands of missionand safety-critical Cyber-Physical Systems (of Systems), these systems exhibit a rapidly growing complexity, manifested by an increasing number of (distributed) computational cores and application components connected via complex networks. However, with these systems' growing complexity and interconnectivity, the chances of hardware failures and disruptions due to cyber-attacks will also quickly increase.","PeriodicalId":330677,"journal":{"name":"ACM Sigada Ada Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":"78 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141380199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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