{"title":"Senses of Language","authors":"Gregory KHEZRNEJAT","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"For most students beginning to study a second language, the image of the native speaker looms large. The native speaker is presented as a model of appropriate language use as well as the final arbiter of the validity of every utterance; to speak “like a native speaker” often becomes the explicit goal of study. But such monolithic images are more projections than reality. Even within communities of first-language speakers, there is an endless diversity of language use. if we accept that language is not a neutral tool to be mastered, but rather a dynamic medium shaped by and reflecting our personal experience of acquisition, then both the feasibility and desirability of speaking “like a native speaker” become questionable. In this essay, I consider what it means to be a first-language speaker and suggest that we may want to reevaluate our common hierarchies of language proficiency. As the use of second languages is becoming increasingly common, it is important to recognize the legitimacy of second-language speakers and their potential for enriching language communities. I discuss my how my own sense of appropriate language has evolved, and briefly touch on movement in the linguistics community to critically consider longstanding “native speaker” biases.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135359098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The (Im)possibility of Understanding China in Abe Tomoji’s <i>Beijing</i>","authors":"Guanwei SU","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.59","url":null,"abstract":"None of Tomoji Abe’s works has attracted as much attention from Japanese and Chinese scholars as <i>Beijing</i>. To this point, these scholars and critics have developed two main perspectives on the text. As the scholars Ichiro Ando and Isao Mizukami point out, the first perspective is comprised of an interpretation of <i>Beijing</i> that is based on the author’s critical stance on the brutal war. The other angle, expressed by Wang Shengyuan and Xiao Dongyuan, is to critique the Orientalism evident in the novel. However, because <i>Beijing</i> was written in a time of turmoil and conflict, there are aspects of the text that do not fit into either one of these categories. The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the two conventional interpretations and to identify a new perspective on Abe’s perception of China. Much like exchanging spectacle lenses, which implies the swapping of two different values, I initially try to get a little closer to the <i>Beijing</i> that Tomoji Abe, who was familiar with English and American literature and who also loved reading classical Chinese literature, saw in 1935. I then focus on the changes in the perspective of the protagonist, Daimon, in order to reevaluate Tomoji Abe’s perception of China and his new interpretation of it contained in <i>Beijing</i>.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135359096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Bullying” as a Trap for Solidarity :An Essay on Shun Medoruma’s <i>Mā No Mita Sora</i> (The Sky as Seen by Ma)","authors":"Kohei HATA","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.155","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I read <i>Mā No Mita Sora</i> (The Sky as Seen by Ma), written by Shun Medoruma. Medoruma has been regarded as a author of Okinawa literature. However, in many of Medoruma’s works, “Bullying” is expressed. It is important to consider the role of ‘bullying’ in his work. The main characters in this work are “I” and “Ma.” “I” thought Ma was something like him. This is because “Ma” appeared to be frightened by his aggressiveness in “bullying”. Father-on-mother violence was the norm in “I”’s family. “I” both hated my father and feared that one day he would become like him. In this way, this work raises the possibility of being able to stand in solidarity with others through the medium of one’s own familiar “difficulty of living”. However, was that “I” was not aware that I was in a completely different position from Ma. As a result, “I” could not be conscious of his aggressiveness or imagine the structural violence “Ma” was subjected to. Through the above reading, we evaluate this work as a work that expresses through “bullying” the possibility and impossibility of standing in solidarity with others in a different position from our own.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135359097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Turn of the Twentieth Century and Ikaho Hot Spring Placed at the Beginning :The Fabricated Bliss in Tokutomi Roka’s <i>Hototogisu</i>","authors":"Shiho ANDOH","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2023.16.1.117","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reappraises Tokutomi Roka’s <i>Hototogisu</i>, a work which was widely presented in a variety of media between the Meiji and Showa periods. Previous studies on this novel have paid attention to its melodramatic structure, which is based on the representation of the Zushi, and the depiction of Takeo reconciling with his late wife Namiko’s father as marking “the end” (owari). However, the Shinpa versions, which were considered to be the most representative of various stage adaptations of <i>Hototogisu</i>, used the hot spring site of Ikaho as the setting for the opening act of the play, as in the original novel. Both the Shinpa adaptations and the original novel entail the link between the Ikaho hot spring and <i>Hototogisu</i>, in this way centering the portrayal of marital bliss. This is also emphasized in collected essays Ikaho Miyage. To elucidate the function of this bliss in the literary works of later generations, this paper revisits the centrality of Ikaho in the original novel while also considering the instability and multiplicity of the 1890s Japanese society from which it emerged. This focus reveals how the image of “hot springs” is conceptualized and the kind of linguistic network that is constructed in <i>Hototogisu</i>.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some Perspectives of the Globes on the Classics:On the Synchronicity between Japanese Classics Literature Studies and Global Networking","authors":"Hiroshi Araki","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"In 2017, the International Research Center for Japanese Studies, to which I belong, officially launched a project called “The Consortium for Global Japanese Studies”, of which I have been playing a small part. In this paper, I will introduce this project and discuss how the development of global and international Japanese studies as a public service will affect my personal research on classical Japanese literature. I will discuss and present the specific aspects of this project in the context of my recently published books and articles. I have come to the conclusion that, in addition to the direct impact of studies in this field, it is important to consider the possibility of indirect inspiration, or what might be called synchronicity, which could revitalize Japanese studies in a broader sense. I will discuss this issue while also introducing my own research.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79320394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Yokomitsu Riichi and Taiwan:The Birth of Sensationism (Modernism) in East Asia","authors":"Chunghao Chien","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.245","url":null,"abstract":"This book discusses the emergence of modernism in colonial Taiwan, with a focus on the work of Yokomitsu Riichi. Through a comprehensive discussion of how Taiwanese writers were influenced by Yokomitsu’s literary theories and techniques, it explores the diverse possibilities of Taiwanese literature during the period of Japanese rule. By comparing Yokomitsu’s work and that of Taiwanese modernist writers, it examines the reception by Taiwanese people of Japanese literature and its construction of subjectivity, and explores the relationship between modernism and colonial literature from a broader perspective. In particular, the author examines the use of abstraction in these texts in detail. At the same time, he discusses Chinese and Korean modernist writers in order to place the development of modernism in colonial Taiwan in a broad context.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84919766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Note on Digital Humanities Research on the Reception of Matsuo Bashō in Modern Japan :Crossing Borders between Human Reading and Machine Reading","authors":"Yoshitaka Hibi","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"In this essay, I provided a brief report and perspective on digital humanities research related to the study of modern Japanese literature. First, I reviewed the recent increase in the availability of digital full-text databases, including Aozora Bunko, the National Diet Library’s Next Digital Library, Maruzen eBook Library, and Google Books. Next, as an example of digital humanities-based literary studies using the Next Digital Library, I attempted to study the reception of Matsuo Bashō between 1868 and 1945. Specifically, I searched the Next Digital Library—which currently has about 280,000 modern books available for full-text search—for Bashō’s haiku and found over a thousand works by him, although the total number differs depending on the counting method. I researched the haikus individually for the full-text data in books published between 1868 and 1945, using the computer language Python to automate the search and retrieve the results. Consequently, the top 30 most frequently cited works were identified. For the top five, the number of mentions by year of publication was also investigated. Results between the human- and computer-based reception studies were compared, and the strengths and weaknesses in understanding the context were highlighted. As for future prospects, I discussed the importance of human-computer collaboration, the necessity for combining large-scale full-text data sets with other databases, and the possibilities for structuring text using TEI and other methods.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76365764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reforming the Systems of Reading for the Greater East Asia:Thought War and Book Distribution","authors":"Hiroshi Sakamoto","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.251","url":null,"abstract":"This study elucidates cultural controls within Japan, generation of culture for overseas audiences, and the association between the two by considering the dissemination of literature among readers. The findings can be broadly summarized in the following two points:First, we can view the transmission and propagandization of culture not only from the perspective of the sender, that is, the writer, but also the persons or organizations that teach, introduce, translate, and disseminate it. Second, it is possible to clarify the association between academic knowledge and cultural controls within Japan and external cultural manipulation.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89487258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Reproduction of Torao Tago’s Diary of April-June 1942, with Bibliographical Notes","authors":"Tsukasa Izumi","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.198","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is comprised of the reproduction of a threemonth period of Torao Tago’s diary, which in total covers the six years from 1940 to 1945. Tago became famous after his play won second place in a creative writing contest sponsored by the magazine “KAIZO” in 1931. This period is covered in the diary, from April to June 1942. Tago had been writing novels all that time. His diary shows that while Japan was at war, it had little effect on the lives of the citizens of Tokyo.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76585361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Japanese Diaspora and the Narratives of Migrants:The Case of Australia and Diasporic Literature","authors":"N. Oishi","doi":"10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22628/bcjjl.2022.15.1.107","url":null,"abstract":"The overseas emigration of Japanese citizens has been on the rise in the last three decades, reaching at the level of 1.34 million in 2021 (MOFA 2022). While the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in its downturn, the number of Japanese citizens who obtained permanent residence overseas continued to increase, hitting a record high of 537,662 in 2021 (MOFA 2022). This article examines the factors behind this growing overseas emigration of Japanese citizens, particularly looking at its flows to Australia, which is now the second most popular destination for Japanese permanent residents. Based on the narratives of 62 research participants, this article will present the basic ideal types of Japanese emigrants and examine the themes that appeared prominently in their emigration decision-making, including the acquisition of global experience, work-life balance, gender inequality, aversion of disaster/environmental and long-term economic risks, and political concerns. It will also discuss the ways in which Japanese emigration and the diversifying experiences of Japanese citizens have impacted Japanese literature so far and how the growing presence of ‘global nomads’ moving across multiple borders is likely to enrich the Japanese literature in the future by challenging the existing understanding of “Japaneseness” and the meaning of migration.","PeriodicalId":33066,"journal":{"name":"Gwagyeong Ilboneo Munhak Yeongu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78532652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}