Function and Disability Journal最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Hip Frontal Plane Flexibility and Strength in Male Sprinter Runners With Unilateral Patellofemoral Arthropathy: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Pezhman Masoudi, Soheil Mansour Sohani, Ali Amiri","doi":"10.32598/fdj.3.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.3.27","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Patellofemoral Arthropathy (PFA) is the most common knee disorder in runners and various factors can lead to the development of its symptoms. It has been proposed that frontal plane motions of the hip and knee can raise the dynamic quadriceps angle during functional tasks. The aim of this study was to evaluate frontal plane acting hip muscle flexibility and strength differences in male sprinter runners with unilateral PFA. Methods: A total of 38 male runners complaining of peripatellar pain or showing positive unilateral patellar grind test, assigned to the normal and sound legs, and 20 matched control groups were compared in this case-control study. Participants’ hip abductor and adductor muscles strength and their flexibility were evaluated through a hand-held dynamometer and 2D motion analysis tracker software. To measure the strength, participants were positioned side-lying position, performing abduction and adduction, while a dynamometer was placed on the lateral and medial femoral epicondyle. Active and passive abduction and adduction range of motion were recorded via a camera in the supine position and the film was analyzed by the software. Results: Abductor muscle strength and abduction-to-adduction ratio on the involved side were significantly lower than the uninvolved side (P=0.029, P=0.008, d=-0.388, d=-0.459), while greater adduction and lower abduction to adduction ratio were found in the control group (P<0.001, F=3.599). Also, lesser passive abduction and active adduction range of motion were found in the control group on both sides (P<0.001, F=2.792, F=8.979). Conclusion: Strength changes of the involved side compared with uninvolved side and less flexible side, but more probably inhibited and stronger adductors in the control group may suggest impaired muscular interaction based on frontal plane muscles torque/length curve function in unilateral PFA. Changes in the strength of the involved side compared to the healthy side and the adductor muscles with more flexibility and strength but more inhibited by the abductor’s muscles in the control group could indicate.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133613370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Psychological Factors and Cognitive Function in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease Who Have Chronic Fatigue","authors":"Farahnaz Farhanginasab, Laleh Lajevardi, G. Taghizadeh","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.39","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Cognitive and psychological disorders are among the most debilitating complications of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Despite the high prevalence of these disorders in patients with PD and the important effect of psychological factors on cognitive factors in other neurological diseases, no study was found on the relationship between psychological factors and cognitive function in patients with PD who have chronic fatigue. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychological factors and cognitive function in patients with PD and chronic fatigue. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, a total of 73 patients with PD who had chronic fatigue were selected by non-random convenience sampling method from those visiting Tehran’s rehabilitation centers in 2019. The following questionnaires were used: Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) for fatigue, Beck’s Depression Inventory for depression, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory for anxiety, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognitive function, as well as Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) and Pain Visual Analog Scale (Pain VAS). Results: The regression models explained the cognitive function variance by a maximum of 1.43% in MMSE and 8.79% in MoCA. In all stepwise models of cognitive function, anxiety was the strongest predictor of cognitive function followed by age and UPDRS-III score. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that anxiety as the strongest predictor can affect cognitive function in patients with PD who have chronic fatigue. Hence, therapeutic interventions focusing on psychological factors may be particularly important for improving cognitive function in these patients.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"86 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113940521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators of Community Integration of People With Spinal Cord Injuries Living in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review","authors":"Meenakshi Mohan, R. Deb","doi":"10.32598/fdj.5.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.5.50","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an irreversible and potentially life-altering event that creates poor economic conditions. The SCI healthcare model has shifted more towards patient-centered care, which focuses on the issues that affect the quality of life and community integration of people with such disabilities. This systematic review was conducted to identify the factors influencing the community integration of SCI individuals in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Three databases of Scopus, PsycINFO, and PubMed were searched with the keywords of “spinal cord injury”, “tetraplegia”, “paraplegia”, and “challenges” for relevant articles published from 2010 to 2020. Boolean operators “OR” and “AND” were used between the keywords, and cross-linking methods were applied to get better results. The quality assessment of the included studies was analyzed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and Thomas tool. The extracted data included demographic details, sample size, results, and outcome measures. Results: A total of 26 peer-reviewed studies were included in the review. The evidence extracted was classified into six categories that influence the community participation (either positive or negative) of SCI individuals. Conclusion: The review revealed more barriers in the form of health-related, environmental, psychological, and social issues that hinder the community reintegration of individuals with SCI compared to facilitators such as spirituality, family/friends support, self-efficacy and resilience. Most research studies highlighted specific environmental obstacles in terms of accessibility and affordability. By working on these challenges, the authorities can enhance community integration of the SCI population in low- and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125150450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Planning a Family-based Sensory Diet on Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Shila Shabdini","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.48","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the effect of a family-based sensory diet program on children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this program, parents were directed to use activities stimulating the vestibular, deep, tactile, visual, and auditory senses to maintain the children’s focus and organized consciousness. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a Pretest-Posttest design with an experimental group. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) and Conners’ parent rating scale were used to measure the study variables. The study’s statistical population included all children with ADHD aged 6-12 years referred to Hasti, Bahar, and Masir-e Sabz health clinics in 2020. Of them, 30 participants were selected through a convenience sampling method. Results: Based on the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), the obtained F values of attention deficit and hyperactivity were significant at a level less than 0.05. So the test hypothesis is accepted, and family-based sensory diet sessions effectively reduce ADHD symptoms in these children. Conclusion: According to the findings and the degree of effectiveness, implementing the sensory diet program by the child’s family can effectively reduce ADHD symptoms.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122501603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persian Vowel Production in Hearing-Impaired Children With Cochlear Implants: The Influence of the Implantation Age","authors":"Mahdi Sarayani, Amir Poursadegh, Reyhane Mohamadi","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.37","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Speech intelligibility is affected by vowel quality. Auditory feedback is an essential factor in vowel quality. The purpose of the current study was to compare vowel space and formant frequencies in Normal-Hearing (NH) and Cochlear-Implanted (CI) Persian-speaking children aged 4 to 6 years. Methods: The participants were 10 CI children (5 girls and 5 boys) aged 4 to 6 years. All children had congenital hearing loss and received a multichannel CI before 2 years of age. The control group comprised 20 NH children (10 girls and 10 boys) aged 4 to 6 years. The two groups were matched by age. The participants were asked to produce six Persian vowels (/u/, /o/, /a/, /i/, /e/, /æ/) in / ChVCd/ context and then the average of formant frequencies (F1, F2,) was measured using Praat analysis software (Version: 5, 3, 27). The Independent samples t-test was conducted to assess the differences in F1 and F2 values between the two groups using SPSS 16. Results: The mean values of F1 and F2 of all 6 Persian vowels were not significantly different between CI and NH children (P>0.05). Conclusion: Findings of the present study implied that children who were implanted CI under 2 years of age are likely to produce Persian vowels similar to normal-hearing children.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133928316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Construction of Chart Evaluating Quantity of Vision in Those Wearing Progressive Addition Lenses","authors":"Sahar Bache Sagha, Payam Nabovati, E. Jafarzadehpour","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.49","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Currently, there is no standard way to check the optimal fitting of Progressive Addition Lenses (PAL) and visual acuity variations when looking at different objects according to PAL’s production mechanism. We need a standard method to control PAL subjectively according to research on its monitoring. These topics are checked in this study. Methods: Two charts was designed for far and near distances using Persian letters and sentences with a logarithmic scale. Twelve subjects wearing PAL sat at 3 m and 30 cm distances, respectively, from far and near charts, and their visual acuity at Primary Position (Pp) and 15° up and down gazes, and 30° right and left gazes with single and progressive lenses were measured. To evaluate the stability of sharpness, measurements were repeated 5 minutes later. Also, to check the accuracy of vision, the measurements were compared to measurements recorded with a portable Rosenbaum pocket vision screener and E chart. Results: The correlations between Persian and E charts with PAL were confirmed in all gazes except pp. Mean visual acuity in all gazes except pp and 15° up gaze showed the difference in these charts. There are also mean differences in all gazes except 15° down gaze in near vision. Conclusion: Persian and Electronic charts are helpful to evaluate the visual acuity of those wearing PAL and fix the above-mentioned problems.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124056721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Psychometrics of a Tool for Assessing Clinical Skills of Using \"Stuttering Severity Instrument-Fourth Edition","authors":"Z. Kahani, J. Abolghasemi, Younes Amiri Shavaki, Mohammad Sadegh Jenabi, S. Maroufi","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: The Severity of Stuttering Instrument-fourth edition (SSI-4) form can be used to assess the severity of stuttering. In this study, in order to increase students’ competence and objectively assess their clinical skills, the validity and reliability of the DOPS test in assessing the clinical skills of speech therapy students in using the SSI-4 form were assessed. Methods: This study was a non-interventional descriptive study conducted in the School of Rehabilitation Sciences. Nineteen students were selected by the census method. An evaluation checklist related to the DOPS method was prepared. After obtaining the consent and training of students and examiners on the implementation of the DOPS assessment method, the student’s work was observed by the examiners and rated, and then the student’s strengths and weaknesses were given feedback. Results: The results showed that the questions are related to the measured subject and have high face validity. The content validity index was more than 0.9, and the content validity ratio was more than 0.6. The results confirmed the test's reliability and indicated the optimal internal structure of the test and its structural validity. Conclusion: According to this study, the use of the DOPS test to objectively assess the clinical skills of speech therapy students in the assessment of stuttering is appropriate and according to the results, DOPS has appropriate validity and reliability and this test can be used clinically.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115250830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional treatment approach for disordered articulation of sounds: evaluating clinical skills of Speech Language Pathology students by Direct Observation of Procedural Skills","authors":"M. Khazaei, J. Abolghasemi, Younes Amiri Shavaki, S. Maroufi, Sanaz Azari, M. Jenabi","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.36","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: One of the common disorders in Speech Language Pathology (SLP) is speech sound disorder. To increase students’ competence and objectively evaluate their clinical skills, we used the Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) test in a clinical setting and examined its validity and reliability Methods: This research is a non-interventional descriptive study. Twenty students who participated in this study were selected by the census method. Traditional treatment approach skill for speech sound disorder was selected. Then an evaluation checklist of DOPS was prepared. After obtaining the consent of students and professors, they entered the study. Two professors observed the work of all student during the procedure on a real patient. Results were recorded in a checklist, and feedback was given to the students about their strengths and weaknesses. Results: The content validity index of the DOPS test was more than 0.8, and its content validity ratio was more than 0.62. The correlation coefficients of questions indicate the optimal internal structure of the test and its structural validity. The results showed that the test questions were related to the predetermined subject. Results confirmed high face validity. The obtained Cronbach α coefficient (0.865) confirmed DOPS reliability. There was a significant inter-rater correlation coefficient (0.901) between evaluators (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the study, the use of DOPS for objective assessment of clinical skill has validity and reliability. This test can be used to evaluate the clinical work of SLP students, provide feedback, identify their strengths and weaknesses, and improve them.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114578176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mime Therapy With Sensory Exercises on Facial Symmetry, Strength, Functional Abilities, and the Recovery Rate in Bell's Palsy Patients","authors":"Siddhartha Mishra, Mahvish Sayed","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.35","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Bell palsy is the sudden lower motor neuron paralysis of the facial nerve, characterized by acute unilateral peripheral facial muscle weakness. Physiotherapy has been proven to be beneficial in the rehabilitation of patients with Bell palsy and is important to prevent permanent contractures of the paralyzed facial muscles. A physiotherapy technique includes electrical stimulation and mime therapy to help in restoring lost muscle functions. Also, sensory exercises include varied normality solutions administered. This study aimed to find the effects of mime therapy with sensory exercises on facial symmetry and functional abilities among Bell palsy patients. Methods: A total number of 30 participants were recruited for an interventional study and conveniently assigned into three groups (n=10), where group A received electrical stimulation with facial exercises, group B received electrical stimulation with mime therapy, and group C received a combination of electrical stimulation, mime therapy, and sensory exercises. Each group received 18 sessions; each session was for 60 minutes per day, six days per week, for three weeks. Then, all the participants were assessed using the Sunnybrook facial grading system and the facial disability index. Results: Intragroup analysis showed a significant difference within all three groups (P<0.05). Besides, the intergroup comparison showed maximum recovery in group C followed by groups B and A. Conclusion: A combination of mime therapy and electrical stimulation along with sensory exercises provides the most beneficial intervention to improve facial function and reduce facial synkinesis in Bell palsy individuals. Hence, sensory exercises are recommended as an adjunct to electrical stimulation and mime therapy for the line of treatment for individuals with Bell palsy.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126505475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effects of Tecar Therapy on Acute Symptoms of Athletes Following Lateral Ankle Ligament Sprain","authors":"Ahmadreza Davari, Soheil Mansour Sohani, J. Sarrafzadeh, Afsaneh Nikjoui","doi":"10.32598/fdj.4.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/fdj.4.31","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Tecar therapy as a modality has been considered due to its reported effects on reducing pain and swelling and finally increasing range of motion and improving function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tecar therapy on acute symptoms of athletes following lateral ankle ligament sprain in the treatment and control groups between pre-treatment periods, after 6 sessions, and after 12 sessions of treatment. Methods: In this study, 23 patients in each group including athletes with an acute lateral ankle ligament sprain in the acute stage in Tehran. The participant of this study were divided into 2 groups of control with normal treatment and the second group with normal treatment + tecar treatment. Participants were homogenized in terms of age, height, weight, and level of exercise. To evaluate the pain intensity of patients in the two groups and to measure the swelling of the ankle joint, a tape measure (mm) was used. A goniometer was used to measure the degree of ankle motions. The Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) questionnaire was also used to collect data. Results: Statistical analyzes showed that the mean numerical visual criterion of pain in both groups was significantly lower after 6 and 12 sessions of treatment (P<0.001). The results of the analysis of variance showed that the mean swelling in the treatment group and in the control group after 6 and 12 sessions of treatment (P<0.001) was significantly lower than the mean swelling before treatment. Also, the mean swelling after 12 sessions of treatment was significantly lower than after 6 sessions of treatment (P<0.001). Regarding daily life activities and the percentage of athlete satisfaction in performing the activity, the test results showed that the athlete’s scores after 6 and 12 sessions of treatment (P<0.001) were significantly higher than before treatment. Also, their scores after 12 sessions of treatment were significantly higher than 6 sessions (P<0.001). The performance scores in both groups after 6 and 12 sessions of treatment (P<0.001) were significantly higher than performance scores before treatment. Also, the performance scores after 12 sessions of treatment were significantly higher than 6 sessions of treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that tecar therapy in patients with lateral ligament sprain of the ankle joint improves the condition of symptoms after an injury, including swelling, pain, daily life activities, percentage of athlete satisfaction with daily activities, and finally his performance and it can be used as a complementary treatment along with common therapies.","PeriodicalId":330157,"journal":{"name":"Function and Disability Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124578428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}