Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Panax Ginseng Inhibits Maximal Electroshock Induced Convulsions in Mice","authors":"Hossam A. El Sisi, Noha A. T. Abbas, I. Awwad, Bander A. Alrasheedi","doi":"10.32527/2020/101381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2020/101381","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is a serious common neurological disease. Panax ginseng root has been identified as a potential therapy for many disorders. The present study investigated the possible anticonvulsant activity of Panax ginseng on maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizure in mice. Mice were divided into the following groups: Group A (control group): injected with normal saline then exposed to electric shock. Group B (test group): injected with sodium valproate (300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg). Then exposed to electric shock. Group C (test group): injected with Panax Ginseng (150, 250, 350 mg/kg) then exposed to electric shock. All animals were examined for motor coordination on rotarod test. We concluded that P. ginseng at moderate and high doses significantly decreased the HLE duration of convulsion in mice, denoting that P. ginseng has anticonvulsant effects. the antiepileptic activity of P. ginseng might be due to its antioxidative actions, anti-inflammatory, its regulating effect on sodium ion channels and/or due to its possible modulation of GABA receptor channel activity for further investigations.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47548788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Protective Effect of Lawsonia inermis Extract on Liver and Kidney Function in Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Induced Rats","authors":"J. Ojowu, Alfred P. Agi, E. Etim, Joseph O. Adikwu, E. Avan","doi":"10.32527/2020/101442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2020/101442","url":null,"abstract":"A lasting cure for liver and kidney damage caused by exposure to toxic substances has continued to elude contemporary medicine. This has resulted in an ever increasing dependence on alternative and traditional herbal medicine as a means of management of liver and kidney toxicities. The present study evaluates the protective effect of Lawsonia inermis leaves extract on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced toxicity in wistar albino rats. Animals were grouped into five (5) with Group I (distilled water) serving as control. Group III was pretreated with silymarin; Groups IV and V received 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of Lawsonia inermis respectively. Groups III – V were administered CCl4 on the 7th day of the experiment. Serum was collected from the animals 24 hours after induction and on the 14th day of the experiment. Extracts of Lawsonia inermis leaves was observed to show protective effect by lowering CCl4 elevated serum enzyme markers like alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST); lipid profiles such as Total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TAG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c); bilirubin, urea and creatinine while concomitantly increasing high density lipoprotein (HDL-c), total protein and albumin. Extract initiated reversals were found to be dose dependent and significant (P < 0.05). The findings in the present study indicates that pretreatment with Lawsonia inermis showed protective effect in vivo in CCl4 compromised liver and kidneys.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45450605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Short Term Administration of Artesunate and Methanol Extract of Ficus Platyphylla Has No HepatoRenal Consequences in Rats","authors":"M. Oraebosi, Waaka Thankgod Abalubu","doi":"10.32527/2020/101470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2020/101470","url":null,"abstract":"Many believe that the use of orthodox drugs alongside herbal medications brings about enhanced efficacy. Thus, it is not uncommon to see these combinations in malaria treatment. However, this combination may lead to toxicity through drug-herb interaction. The liver and kidneys being important organs in metabolism and excretion of xenobiotics are potential target organs for the suspected adverse effects. This study hypothesized that the co-administration of artesunate and methanol stem bark extract of Ficus platyphylla may result in hepato-renal consequences. Twenty male wistar rats were divided into four groups of five rats each. Group one served as the normal control group and was treated with normal saline at a dose of 1 ml/kg. Rats in group two were treated with 300 mg/kg of Ficus platyphylla alone while rats in group three were treated with 2.9 mg/kg of artesunate alone. Furthermore, rats in group four were treated with Ficus platyphylla and artesunate at a dose of 300 mg/kg and 2.9 mg/kg respectively. All treatments were done orally for five continuous days within which body weight was determined. At the end of the treatment period, liver markers levels (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) and kidney markers (urea, creatinine, uric acid, albumin and total protein) were determined. There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in body weights, hepatic and renal biomarkers across all treated groups when compared to the control. These results may indicate the safety of this drug-herb combination when used in malaria therapy.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43495700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiology, complications and management of stroke: A review","authors":"Umme Habeeba A. Pathan, Abdul Raheem Thayyil, Thimmasetty Juturu, S. Kamath","doi":"10.32527/2020/101500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2020/101500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Metformin Versus Selegiline on Parkinson’s Disease Model By Reserpine through the Interrelation of α Synuclein and Antioxidants on Behavioral Changes in Rats","authors":"G. Soliman, Ghada Hashem, Monica Gamal Fawzy, Walaa M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.32527/2019/101450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2019/101450","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to assess the neuroprotective effects of metformin compared to selegiline, (each drug alone or in combination) on Parkinson’s disease model by reserpine in rats also, it was extended to investigate the mechanisms through which metformin could produce such effect either by its antioxidant effect or genetic recognized by α synuclein and such impact on behavioral changes. Methods: Seven groups were included in the study. The first, second (control and reserpine induced). The third, fourth and fifth were treated with metformin (100, 250 mg/kg), selegiline, (0.25 mg/kg), six and seventh were treated with both selegiline and metformin both doses respectively. Drugs initiated from the first day for 21 days. Morris water maze, hang wire and forced swim tests were done on days 1, 11, 21 to estimate memory changes, motor assessment and depression respectively. Rats were then sacrificed after taking serum samples to assess serum blood glucose; their brains were dissected, homogenized to measure dopamine, α synuclein, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione levels. Results: reserpine treated group were significant compared to control proving the induction of parkinsonian model which were improved on treatment in all groups with much more improvement in those treated with metformin than selegiline especially those treated by both metformin 100 mg/kg and selegiline. Selegiline treated showed hypoglycemia that was not observed in metformin treated. Conclusion: Metformin on low dose can serve as an add on therapy with selegiline through antioxidant and genetic mechanisms to enhance the neuroprotection in PD patients.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41957078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronomodulated Nifedipine Supports Concurrent Glimepiride Administration with Subsequent Amelioration of Retinopathy and Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Rats","authors":"M. Oraebosi, T. Olurishe, L. Ayanwuyi","doi":"10.32527/2019/101437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2019/101437","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated effect of chronomodulated nifedipine on two microvascular complications in glimepiride-treated diabetic rats for 21 days. Groups 1 and 2 were non-diabetic and diabetic controls respectively, receiving 1 ml/kg PEG+H2O. Groups 3-5 were diabetic, receiving 10 mg/kg glimepiride at 2000 hrs. In addition, groups 4 and 5 received nifedipine, 20 mg/kg at 2000 hrs and 0800 hrs respectively. Peripheral neuropathy was evaluated weekly using the paw pressure and tail immersion tests, while retinopathy was evaluated by determining levels of some serum ocular markers, and histological assessment of retina. Treatment with glimepiride alone at 2000 hrs, produced no significant effect on the complications. Treatment with glimepiride and nifedipine at 2000 hrs exacerbated the complications. Conversely, treatment with glimepiride at 2000 hrs and nifedipine at 0800 hrs significantly (P<0.05) ameliorated both complications. These findings suggest that with chronotherapy, both drugs may be used together for the purpose of ameliorating retinopathy and peripheral neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49641005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forskolin Modulate Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1) gene Expression and Halts Experimentally-Induced Acute Kidney Injury","authors":"Safwa M. Sorour, Heba A. Elnoury","doi":"10.32527/2019/101402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2019/101402","url":null,"abstract":"Acute kidney injury is a very serious medical condition; change of the normal physiological oxidant-antioxidant balance has been reported as a major cause for renal injury. Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- (NAD+-) dependent deacetylase that has nephro-protective effect against ischemia or injury by toxic substances by increasing cell resistance to oxidative stress. Forskolin is derived from plant Coleus forskohlii and has been used to treat the heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and asthma. This study was done to investigate the possible protective role of forskolin against glycerol- induced acute nephrotoxicity and also to study the possible mechanisms underlying this action. In the present study rats were randomly divided into four groups. Rats in the control group received distilled water orally for 15 days, four days before scarification they received half the dose of saline (10 ml/kg) in each hind limb muscle; rats in the FSK group received 500 mg/kg per day, orally for 15 days; those in the glycerol group (AKI) received half the dose of glycerol (10 ml/kg, 50% v/v in sterile saline) in each hind limb muscle; rats in the FSK + glycerol (AKI) group received FSK 500 mg/kg per day, orally 12 days before glycerol injection and continued for three days after glycerol administration with a total period of 15 days, all rats were deprived of water for 24 h before glycerol injection. Parameters tested in this study were kidney function tests (urea, creatinine), oxidative stress parameters (MDA, GST), anti-inflammatory marker (TNF-α), anti-apoptotic marker (caspase-3), SIRT gene expression detected by RT-PCR and histopathlogical study. Results: Glycerol administration caused significant increase in all tested parameters except SIRT gene expression which decreased with glycerol administration. Pretreatment with forskolin caused significant decrease of levels of urea, creatinine, MDA, TNF-α and also decreased activity of caspase-3 and GST, with significant improvement of SIRT expression. Histopathological examination revealed that the glycerol caused severe kidney damage in the form of hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration and intra-tubular cast formation compared to normal renal histology and architecture of the control and forskolin groups. Forskolin pretreatment of glycerol induced AKI caused marked improvement of histological picture which exhibited mild edema and tubular vacuolization compared to the control group. In conclusion the possible beneficial effect of forskolin in protection against nephrotoxicity is due to its ability to modulate the disrupted expression of SIRT gene as well as its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. This may open a new therapeutic window for renal patient.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Anti-Fibrotic Effect of Direct Acting Antiviral Drugs on CCl4 Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats","authors":"A. El-sisi, Sherin Zakaria","doi":"10.32527/2019/101414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2019/101414","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatic fibrosis is a hall mark of chronic liver diseases such as chronic HCV. Direct acting antiviral (DAA) regimens such as Sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir (DAC) have been found to be associated with decreased fibrotic markers in HCV patients. It is not clear however the reported antifibrotic effect is antiviral dependent or not. Aim: This study investigated the effect of SOF and DAC in hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rats. Method: Hepatic fibrosis was induced by (0.5 ml/kg) CCl4 IP twice a week for six weeks. SOF (20 mg/kg/d) and DAC (30 mg/kg/d) were added in the last four weeks of treatments. Liver functions, fibrotic markers such as Hyaluronic acid and metalloproteinase-9 were detected using immunoassay. Liver tissues were examined by different stains. Results: SOF and DAC induced marked inhibitions in fibrotic markers expression significantly (P≤0.001). Moreover, the drugs protected liver tissues from progressed fibrosis. Conclusion: SOF/DAC antifibrotic effect is independent on its antiviral activity.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41738788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cysteine Protease Inhibitors from the Methanol Extract of the Root Bark of Securidaca longepedunculata with Antimalarial Potentials in Chloroquine-Resistant P. berghei Parasite","authors":"A. Amos, S. Anafi, M. Magaji","doi":"10.32527/2019/101420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2019/101420","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria parasite resistance against Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) in some parts of the world necessitates the search for antimalarial compounds or plant extracts with novel mode of action and active against the chloroquine-resistant strain of the parasite to serve as alternative to ACT. Cysteine protease inhibitors' fraction of the methanol extract of the root bark of Securidaca longepedunculata (CPI) was investigated for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant P. berghei-infected mice and its inhibitory effect on papain, P. berghei cysteine proteases and heme biocystallization were also evaluated. The methanol extract of the root bark was obtained by soxhlet extraction with 1,000 mL of 70% (v/v) methanol for 48 hours and concentrated to dryness at 45∘C. CPI was obtained using PBS (pH 7) extraction followed by cold acetone precipitation. Peter's four-day suppressive and Rane's four-day curative test was employed to assess the antimalarial potentials of CPI. Data was analysed with one way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test, differences were considered significant at p≤0.05. The suppressive effect of CPI was significant (p≤0.05) at 34 and 23 mg/kg doses. Doses of 34, 23 and 11 mg/kg produced significant (p≤0.05) dose-dependent curative effect. CPI inhibited the proteolytic activity of papain enzyme and P. berghei cysteine proteases in vitro with IC50 values of 20.1 and 5.6 μg/mL respectively. The present study showed that cysteine protease inhibitors fraction of the methanol extract of the root bark of Securidaca longepedunculata is a potential source of novel antimalarial agents that could target malaria parasite cysteine proteases.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45634416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Klika Faloak (","authors":"Nur Khairi, S. As'ad, K. Djawad, G. Alam","doi":"10.32527/2019/101408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32527/2019/101408","url":null,"abstract":"Klika Faloak (Sterculia Populifolia) extract contains flavonoid and polyphenol compounds which are the most potential components in reducing ROS (Radical Oxidative Superoxide) to prevent free radical caused by UV-B radiation. This study aimed to prove that Klika Faloak extract cream could reduce the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in albino mice exposed to UV-B radiation. This study was a laboratory experimental study using randomized pre and post-test design. Albino mice were divided into 3 groups; group 1 was treated with 0.1 mg/cm2 on 3 cm2 of radiation area with 5% Klika Faloak extract cream for four weeks and exposed to UVB radiation, group 2 was treated with 0.1 mg/cm2 on 3 cm2 of radiation area with base cream/ placebo for four weeks and exposed to UVB radiation, and group 3 was controlled group which not given anything and not exposed to UVB radiation. Prior to the treatment, MMP-1 expression was examined through blood serum and then the treatment group was exposed to UV-B radiation at a dose of 500 mJ/cm2 for 4 weeks. After that skin biopsy was performed to examine MMP-1 expression. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA to determine significant difference among three groups then followed by a post hoc test using the LSD (Least Significance Difference) to determine the smallest significant level <0.05. The result showed average decreasing of MMP-1 expression in group 1 compared to group 2 and group 3. It could be concluded that Klika Faloak extract cream could reduce MMP-1 expression.","PeriodicalId":32679,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42014960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}