Pharos Journal of Theology最新文献

{"title":"Islamic Holy Days: The Contention of Rukyatul Hillal and Hisab Hakiki Wujudul Hilal Disputes for Muslims in Indonesia","authors":"Ismail Koto, Lila Pelita Hati, Afwan Syahril Manurung, Anisa Suryani Siregar","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.210","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the dispute between Rukyatul Hilal and Hisab Hakiki Wujudul Hilal in determining Islamic holidays in Indonesia. However, in its determination, there is often a dispute between the Rukyatul Hilal and Hisab Hakiki methods. This research aims to resolve the dispute between the two methods. The methodology in this research is qualitative, with a literature review. Primary data is sourced from Naqli's arguments, and secondary data from the books of Tafsir. The results show that Islamic holidays have been established in the Qur'an in Surah Yunus and Surah Al-Rahman. Hadith shows the story of the prophet Muhammad in the Rukyatul Hilal method, which contains historical and philosophical values. Hisab Hakiki Wujudul Hilal is found in Surah Yasin. Applying the two methods of determining Islamic holidays has a significant difference where Rukyatul Hilal is through direct observation while Hisab Hakiki uses astronomical mathematical calculations. To mediate the existing controversy, the Indonesian Ulema Council issued a circular letter that both methods have the same position, which is valid. The Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia has also found a solution between the two that is elaborated on with Ikmanur Rukyat through a national Itsbat session.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140082828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of the Philosophy of Education and Analysis of the Principles of Implementing Education according to the Al-Qur’an","authors":"Purbatua Manurung, Abdul Hasan Saragih, Pagar Hasibuan","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.28","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to analyze the principles of implementing education according to the Al-Qur’an. The Al-Qur’an is a source of guidance for Muslims in carrying out their lives, including conducting education. The principles of implementing education are contained in the Al-Qur’an which can be used as a guide for stakeholders and teachers in carrying out their duties. Developing principles for implementing education based on Islamic education philosophy in the Al-Qur’an will produce comprehensive guidance for believers. The research method used in this brief study was a content analysis of the Al-Qur’an to determine the philosophy of educational principles based on the Al-Qur’an. Systematic linguistic analysis in the original Al-Qur’an text and the translation of the Al-Qur’an in English to reveal the principles of educational implementation was carried out. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are several principles for implementing education contained in the Al-Qur’an. The first component of the educational principle is reasoning which is promoted in the Al-Qur’an, namely inferential, independent reasoning and facilitated reasoning. The second principle of implementing education is that implementing education is oriented towards developing moral character through various learning process activities or what is called orthopractic theology. The contribution of this research is the discovery of a strong principled basis for implementing education and becoming the basis for hermeneutical research to \u0000investigate the philosophy of implementing education based on the Al-Qur’an that can be applied in real life situations. This research has implications for the practice of implementing education in Indonesia. Teachers must pay attention to the learning methods used that can likely optimize students' reasoning abilities and must accommodate methods of remembering, listening and reading literacy activities.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"37 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140084163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Commodification of Religious Rituals: Representations of Political Actors in Indonesian \u0000Elections","authors":"Faizal Hamzah Lubis, Faiz Albar Nasution, Rahma Hayati Harahap","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.214","url":null,"abstract":"Elections in Indonesia are closely linked to religion, with politicians using religion as a medium to appeal to voters. In addition, the increasingly widespread commodification of religious rituals in Indonesian politics confirms that religious symbols in campaigns are still part of democratisation. This research aims to explain how to understand the phenomenon of Islamic religious commodification in the context of democracy in Indonesia, starting from the use of religious symbols, forms of commodification, and their implications. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to analyse the commodification of religion by three Indonesian politicians running for the Indonesian presidential election 2024. Data was collected from Instagram, with 1,154 posts indicating the commodification of religion. The data was analysed using document searches and experts' views and combined for descriptive analysis. The commodification of religious rituals in Presidential Elections in Indonesia has transformed spiritual values into political interests, using religion to gain support and establish a leadership identity. The three politicians have intertwined religious symbols and relationships with clerics, resulting in Islamic populist ideology and identity politics. This has led to the polarisation of society and the recruitment of politicians for electoral purposes.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140086756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Appraisal of the Role of Women in the Birth and Growth of the Evangelical Church Winning All (ECWA), Nigeria","authors":"Grace O. Olajide, PhD, Prof. Mrs. Olatundun A. Oderinde","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.234","url":null,"abstract":"The role of women in the church is amazing and laudable. Since the inception of the church, women have been active protagonists in the narrative of the church. Their roles cover several aspects of church growth. They have been the pacesetters in terms of demography, evangelistic programs, monetary contributions, and the establishment of developmental projects. Such is evident in the birth of the Evangelical Church Winning All (ECWA) in Nigeria. The growth of ECWA is dependent on the enormous contributions made by women. Despite the fascinating contributions of women, they are still being marginalized in terms of ordination and respective leadership structures at the local, regional, and national levels. Their leadership is limited to women’s group, children's church, and other elementary responsibilities. They serve as subordinates to men’s leadership. A descriptive approach is adopted as the basic methodology \u0000for this study. Historical records, diaries, archival materials, and calendars were accessed to bring the narrative of women’s significant roles in ECWA to light. Womanistic theory was also explored as a way of unveiling African women's submission regarding the treatment they receive from their male counterparts and how to properly sustain their humanistic status. The study recommended that women should be allowed to engage in every stratum of the church as they continue to contribute to the growth of ECWA in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"114 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140090886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Missiological basis of Evangelism in Disadvantaged Communities1 and the Pivotal Role of the Church","authors":"Professor Fazel Ebrihiam Freeks","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.212","url":null,"abstract":"The mission of the Triune God—the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit—is the focus of this paper since the missio Dei perspective is essential to every section. To bring people from all tribes, nations, kingdoms, and languages together in eternal worship of Him, the Father sent the Son, and the Son sent the Holy Spirit. Churches and communities must partake in the mission of God in the world because the gospel of Jesus Christ must be preached. God uses the church as his instrument to proclaim his kingdom to people from all walks of life. Thus, followers of Jesus Christ who engage in the missio Dei—bring love, hope, and peace to a broken and lost world— and should be true to God's calling. God chose people to establish his kingdom and bestows blessings upon them so that they may bless every nation on the earth. God's humanity and God's entire creation are ultimately reconciled and healed by the kingdom. Through Jesus Christ, people can receive the Good News of God through the work of the Holy Spirit. This paper comes from a chapter in a larger PhD study in Missiology2.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"122 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140089048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Theological Study of the Impact of an Interreligious Marriage: Self-Adjustment in Couples from Different Religions","authors":"Rina Rifayanti, Ayunda Ramadhani, Nadya Novia Rahman, Nirita Zahra, Ken Affifa, Sakinah Adilah, Diana","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.228","url":null,"abstract":"In the world in which we currently live, individuals of different religions may be involved in many dating relationships. Interfaith couples do not have a comfortable space in this set-up because of their different backgrounds and beliefs. Consequently, interfaith relationships come under much pressure from their environment, such as friendships and families. Problems often found in relationships between interfaith couples are obtaining approval from parents and family, the views of people around them, and conflicts resulting from interfaith relationships relating to issues of faith. Differences in religion and belief should factor in conflict between couples in interfaith relationships. Self-adjustment is very important to do and strive for to achieve happiness and find peace. This research undertaken was qualitative research using phenomenological methods. The data collection methods used were interviews and observation. The data collection technique used a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique consisted of preparing and processing data, reading all the data, coding, describing the coding results into themes being analyzed, presenting themes in narrative form, and interpreting the data. The research showed that the subjects were less able to adapt to the environment in interfaith marriages. The subject's emotional and social self-adjustment means that the subjects choose to undergo a relationship without thinking about the possibilities of what might happen in the future and ignore the opinions \u0000of the environment so that harmony and peace in the relationship are maintained. Future researchers can examine other factors regarding adjustment to interfaith relationships to discover new things experienced by students and others in interfaith relationships. Psychologically and sociologically, interfaith marriages can trigger and strengthen existing disputes. In addition, interfaith marriages are also considered to cause psychological and educational problems for children because they are confused about which religion to follow. Thus, allowing interfaith marriages often creates inconsistencies with the relevant legal provisions relating to guardianship, inheritance, and other related issues in such marriages.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":" July","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140092759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering Organizational Commitment and the Spirituality Effect on Evangelism Readiness in Church Congregations in Surabaya","authors":"F. O. Lontoh, P. Chia, Yunita Stella, Yosef Y Siahaan, Triono","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.217","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational commitment and spirituality in this study were tested in relation to the concept of evangelism readiness for congregations of churches in the city of Surabaya, Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to find out whether there is an influence of organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness among members of the congregations of churches in general today. This research investigates the population of congregations in churches in the city of Surabaya, Indonesia. The approach used was a quantitative methodology using multiple regression analysis to measure the effect partially as well as simultaneously between organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness. Respondents involved were millennials who were members of church congregations in Surabaya as many as 103 people selected by purposive random sampling. The instruments used are the Commitment Organizational Scale, the Spiritualism Scale and the Evangelism Readiness Scale. The results show that there is a strong relationship between spirituality and evangelism, but there is no strong relationship between organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness. Simultaneously both show a positive relationship. This research proves that there is a relationship between organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness. The research contribution is as a basic material for the reconstruction of teaching about doctrine and the demands of preaching the Gospel as well as evangelism training in churches because evangelism is the main task of every person who has been saved.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140086382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muslims Acceptance of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Issues in Indonesia","authors":"Asbi, Rahman Malik, Juliana Kurniawati, Lydia Nurhasanah Nasution","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.29","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explore netizen criticism of the existence of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people in Indonesia. LGBT activists have utilised social media to convey messages of equality, leading to pros and cons in Indonesian society. The urgency of this research is to understand how Muslims accept LGBT issues in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative method with a media analysis approach. The data collected by the author were 10,000 Twitter tweets of netizens regarding LGBT issues in Indonesia, and then this data was re-analysed by drawing actor networks on Gephi software. The results show that the Qur'an gives a description of the people of Prophet Luth who committed homosexual acts and were labelled as people who behaved stupidly. Then, in another verse, LGBT can damage conventional marriage bonds to harm social morals. Then, MUI firmly rejects LGBT through Fatwa No. 57 Year 2014, which generally aims to maintain moral values prevailing in society. Through analysis using Netlytic, there are several dominant actors—the focus of actor discussions is political and social discussions. LGBT is still not recognised by society and the state because this kind of deviant behaviour is not a freedom that can be openly accepted.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"16 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140084968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reformed Pulpit and God’s mission: ‘Solae Doctrine’ to missio Dei","authors":"Dr. Jonas Sello Thinane","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.230","url":null,"abstract":"The five Solas of the Reformation, Sola Scriptura, Sola Fide, Sola Gratia, Solus Christus and Soli Deo Gloria, harmoniously or correspondingly affirm the central position of God in the work of salvation (missio Dei). The conceptualization of the missio Dei, which grew out of the 1952 International Missionary Council (IMC) reasoned on the basis of Solae doctrines, equally points to the central role of God in the work of salvation. Although the centrality of God in the work of salvation is consistently reflected through the Solae doctrine, and thus through understanding of the missio Dei, such consistency is seldom associated with the placement of the Reformed pulpit. To this end, this article draws on the available literature to show the doctrinal consistency reflected in the Solae teachings and the conceptualization of the missio Dei in relation to the placement and outlook of the Reformed pulpit. Consequently, this paper concludes that the Reformed tradition, encompassing the Solae doctrines, the conceptualization of the missio Dei, and its attitude toward the pulpit, harmoniously reflects the central role of God in the work of salvation. Within the Reformed knowledge space, this article thus makes a contribution as it discusses the placement of the Reformed pulpit in accordance with the Solae doctrines and the missio Dei, expressing the centrality of God in the work of salvation.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"103 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140089227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theology and Ethics in Values-Based Journalism Communicating Islamic Perspectives","authors":"Ahmad Salman Farid, Rizka Ar Rahmah, Irmasani Daulay, Desiana","doi":"10.46222/pharosjot.105.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.105.226","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores the intersection of theology and ethics within the realm of values-based journalism, with a specific focus on the communication of Islamic perspectives. In the contemporary media landscape, where journalism plays a crucial role in shaping public discourse, it becomes imperative to analyze how Islamic values are communicated through the lens of ethical journalism. The study aims to investigate the application of Islamic theology and ethical principles in values-based journalism, emphasizing the role of media in reflecting and shaping societal norms. By employing a qualitative research approach, content analysis will be conducted on a sample of news articles, opinion pieces, and other journalistic content with an Islamic focus. The analysis will delve into how these pieces adhere to or deviate from established theological principles and ethical guidelines. Furthermore, the research seeks to identify challenges faced by journalists and media organizations when attempting to integrate \u0000Islamic values into their narratives. It also explores potential strategies and best practices for overcoming these challenges, fostering a more nuanced and ethical communication of Islamic perspectives. The findings of this study aim to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the role of theology and ethics in journalism, providing insights into how media professionals can effectively communicate Islamic values while upholding ethical standards. Ultimately, the research aspires to encourage a more informed and respectful portrayal of Islamic perspectives in the media, promoting dialogue and understanding in an increasingly diverse and interconnected global society.","PeriodicalId":32676,"journal":{"name":"Pharos Journal of Theology","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140083374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}