Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Organ Donation in Undergraduate Medical Students of District Peshawar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa","authors":"Maryam Khan, Bibi Aliya, Khadija Nowaira Abdullah, Adeela Mustafa, Brikhna Tariq, Sawera Tahir","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.786","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Organ transplant can serve as a lifesaving option for end-stage organ failure. Worldwide, with growing number of cases of organ failure, both the need & demand for the donation of organs has also increased.Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge and explore attitude of undergraduate medical students of Peshawar towards organ donation.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 4th & 5th year students of a Public and Private Medical Colleges of Peshawar, KPK from January to April 2018. The 350 participants were approached through convenient sampling method. The data were collected through self-administered validated questionnaire. The data analysis was done for descriptive statistics on SPSS 21.Results: Out of 350 participants, 324 (93%) students have filled out the questionnaire. Only 210 (64.8%) of the students had adequate cumulative awareness scores while 114 (35.2%) students had inadequate awareness scores regarding organ donation. Only 12% of the participants were motived positively for organ donation whereas 13% has refused for organ donation. The main reason for not promoting organ donation was found to be religious beliefs corresponding to 48.6%. Statistically significant correlation (P<0.001) was observed between religious beliefs and the attitude regarding organ donation promotion. Conclusion: Though, medical students are found to have adequate knowledge but a gap is found between their knowledge and attitude towards phenomenon of organ donation. Effective actions are required to improve the awareness regarding organ donation in young doctors and medical students to translate their knowledge into definite actions. This requires modification in our educational system with the involvement of social media and religious scholars. Keywords: Attitude, Knowledge, Medical students, Organ donation, Transplantation,","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Nifedipine in the Treatment of Threathened Preterm Labour","authors":"Sadia Ali, Rabeea Sadaf, Bushra Rauf, Kulsoom Iqbal, Umaiyma Farhad, Nasreen Kishwar","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.774","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm birth is one of the most important and major causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality wordwide. Strategies should be adopted to decrease the incidence of pre-term labour and delivery to avoid the associated drastic fetal and neonatal consequences. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Nifedipine in the treatment of spontaneous preterm labour. Material and Methods: This is a Randomised control trial which was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, from 1st June 2022 to 30th November 2022. Total 50 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy with threatened preterm labor between 28 and 34 weeks of pregnancy on LMP were included.Results: Total 10 (20.0%) patients had a delay in delivery up to < 2 days while 40 (80.0%) patients had a delay in their deliveries for > 2 days, therefore, effectiveness of Nifedipine in the treatment of spontaneous threatened preterm labor was achieved in 40 (80%) patients in terms of delay in their deliveries. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Nifedipine successfully delayed spontaneous preterm labor for > 48 hours and thus gave sufficient time for in utero transfer and corticosteroid effect.Keywords: Nifedipine, Preterm labor, Tocolysis.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Antenatal Steroid Administration","authors":"Rabeea Sadaf, Ghazala Shams, Bushra Rauf, Nasreen Kishwar, Umaiyma Farhad, Samreen","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.771","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exposure to antenatal steroids (A.N.S.) decreases the incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and other morbidities in premature infants. If left untreated, death may occur from progressive hypoxia and respiratory failure. In survivors, resolution begins between 2 to 4 days.Objective: To determine the efficacy of antenatal steroids in preventing respiratory distress syndrome in premature neonates. Material and Methods: A randomized trial, analytical study with a sample size of 152 was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. The study duration was from 16th July 2022 to 18th June 2023. The study included neonates born at 24 to 34 weeks of gestation. Neonates born at fewer than 34 (24 to 34 weeks) weeks gestation were given 3 or 4 mL of surfactant from lipids taken from calf lung lavage. The proteins were decreased from more than 10% to less than 1% of the phospholipid weight using the lipid extraction procedure. The chi-square test was used.Results: Analysis was performed for the 152 VLBW infants the infants who received antenatal corticosteroids was 37 to 45% were gestational age 2434 weeks. While infants who received surfactant decreased gradually as gestational age increased. A significant decrease in surfactant used in the late period, with a 510% reduction in each gestational group.Conclusion: This study reaffirms the value of administering antenatal steroids to premature neonates. This study showed the potential use of ante natal steroids has effectively mitigated respiratory distress syndrome. These findings underscore the significance of antenatal corticosteroid therapy in reducing respiratory morbidity in preterm neonates and emphasize its role in enhancing lung maturation and neonatal outcomes.Keywords: Antenatal corticosteroids, Preterm infants, Respiratory distress syndrome, Surfactant, Very low birth weight.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Even Young Healthy Looking Adults are not Spared","authors":"Abdul Hadi","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.811","url":null,"abstract":"Every year 29th September is observed as World Heart Day. The purpose of observing this day on yearly basis is to create awareness among the general population regarding the preventive aspects of ischemic heart diseases (IHD), and motivate them to seek early medical care.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Career Choices of Junior Doctors: Faculty Perspective","authors":"Jibran Umar Ayub, Abdul Wahab, Ayesha Qaisar","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.807","url":null,"abstract":"There has been tremendous increase in population of doctors and mushrooming of medical institutions that has a colossal impact on the quality of medical education. There is more time, financial, resources and logistic constraints that has added to manifold headache of all the vital stakeholders including the medical students, junior doctors, administration and faculty. Flexner in his report has excellent recommendations for improving the standards and one of them was to increase the essential prerequisites for entering into medical training and train the physicians in a scientific manner.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hearing Impaired Child- Pattern of Tympanograms in Otitis Media with Effusion","authors":"Adnan Yar Muhammad, Khurshid Anwar, Saeed Khan","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.772","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a common cause of treatable hearing loss in children. Tympanometry is an objective tool for assessment of this condition. Of the various tympanometric curves, Type B flat curve is commonly associated with OME. The study aims to determine the various curves associated with OME and find the commonest one.Objective: To determine the frequency of various types of curves obtained on tympanogram in children suffering from otitis media with effusion.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study involving 350 ears with OME was conducted in ENT Department of Medical Teaching Institution, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to select children with OME.History, Clinical examination, otoscopy, audiometry and tympanometry were used to diagnose OME. Tympanometry was performed to determine the type of curves using Jerger classification. The frequency of the various types of curves obtained was calculated.Results: The age range of the patient was 3-15 years with mean age of 8.25±3.22 years. The male: female ratio was of 1.22:1. Type B curves were the commonest inall age groups. The overall frequency for Type B curve in the study was 81.4%. Chi square test showed that Type B tympanogram significantly occurred in the lower age groups ranging from 3 to 11 years.Conclusion: Type B tympanogram is the commonest type of curve in children suffering from otitis media with effusion. It is significantly associated with OME in the younger age groups as compared to Type C & Type A. Therefore it can be used for in the diagnosis and follow-up of younger children with OME.Keywords: Audiometry, Glue, Otitis Media with Effusion, Paediatrics, Tympanometry.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124713381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosive Esophageal Strictures: Alarming News for Gastroenterologists","authors":"Ayesha Qaisar, Jibran Umar Ayub Khan, Azhar Zahir Shah","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.784","url":null,"abstract":"Dysphagia is a common yet alarming symptom reported by patients during routine visits to outpatient clinics of gastroenterology. Most of them have a chronic history gastroesophageal reflux disease and use of proton pump inhibitors or anti reflux medications for years. The agonising part is that they are not referred by the physicians in the general practice. One of the major reasons behind this is persistent reluctance of patients to go for invasive investigations  \u0000Gastroesophgeal reflus disease, achalasia ,hiatal hernia,benign esophgeal strictures, barrets esophagus and esophageal carcinoma are common causes of dysphagia. One of the causes which has been quite prevalent in our country is use of corrosives especially young girls and boys who are emotionaland depressed.  They do something very outrageous in a  moment which becomes a reason for regret for a long time .Corrosive esophgeal strictures isn’t that difficult got gastroenterology experts in normal circumstances but the cases can get complicated rarely including the risk of perforation in early stages of injury.\u0000Endoscopic dilatation either by Savory or TTS Balloon has been the cardinal line of management of corrosive strictures. They are done after necessary workup and investigations including barium swallow . The real dilemma is that patent develop complications like tracheoesophageal fistula after repeated dilatations. The length of follow up session are also difficult to determine with some centres opting for one weekly and others for two weekly sessions .Weekly sessions have been reported to ease off symptoms like dyphagia but causes higher risk of complications while in case of two weekly follow up there is enhanced risk of recurrence of symptoms and lesser complications.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133470006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pericardial Effusion as Initial Presentation of Malignancy","authors":"Neelam Akhund","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.780","url":null,"abstract":"Pericardial effusion describes accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space. When it happens with malignancy, it incurs poor prognosis. Most often lung, hematological or breast carcinomas form the background. It may cause hemodynamic instability and cardiac tamponade and require prompt invasive management. This is elaborated by this article. This is a case report of 55 year old Asian man who presented with a month history of lethargy fever, sweating and worsening dyspnea. He was assessed in the Triage room and some imaging was performed. Pericardial effusion was found and emergency pericardiocentesis performed. The patient was managed through multidisciplinary approach.It is, thus, recommended to set a low threshold for diagnosis and management for pericardial effusion.Keywords: Cardiac Tamponade, Case Report, Pericardial Effusion, Pericardiocentesis.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125444750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Frequency of First-Time Pregnancy in Eclamptic Patients","authors":"Azra Salim, Saima Khattak","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.754","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Primigravida and eclampsia still have not been well studied. This research intends to lighten risk factors and therapeutic care by examining the prevalence of first pregnancies in eclamptic patients. It is essential to comprehend the effects of primigravida in eclampsia to provide better treatment for this vulnerable population.Objective: To determine the frequency of primigravida in patients with eclampsia.Material and Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from 06 august 2020 to 06 February 2021.A total of 151 pregnant women with Gestational age > 20 weeks were included in the study. All Basic demographics like age, gestational age, and weight (kg) were recorded. Data regarding eclampsia was noted by the researcher herself and analyzed with a statistical analysis program (SPSS v22). Frequencies and percentages were computed for categorical variables like age groups, history of hypertension and primigravida. Mean, and SD ratios were calculated for quantitative variables like age, gestational age and BMI.Results: The results showed that the mean age was 25.814±2.71 years, the mean gestational age was 32.344±2.94 weeks, and the mean BMI was 24.476±2.24 Kg/m2. A history of hypertension was seen in 9.9% of patients. Primigravida with eclampsia was observed in 33.8% of patients.Conclusion: The study concluded that most pregnant women with eclampsia were primigravida. These results highlight the significance of considering primigravida as a possible risk factor for the onset of eclampsia. Keywords: Eclampsia, Pregnancy, primigravida.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123941738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Hospital Mortality among Patients of Severe Adult Tetanus Presenting with bad Prognostic Factors: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience","authors":"Shafi Ullah Khan, M. K. Farooq, Ejaz Ahmad, M. Khan, I. Alam, Shah Sawar Khan, Nibahat Hameed","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.2.769","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tetanus caused by clostridium tetani, despite being a preventable disease, is still posing a significant health hazard to developing countries like Pakistan. Objective: To determine in-hospital mortality among patients of severe adult tetanus presenting with bad prognostic factors.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from July 13, 2017, to January 13, 2018, on 176 patients. All severe adult tetanus patients as per Ablett Classification with bad prognostic factors (incubation period <7 days, persistent fever >40o C, persistent tachycardia of >120/min, and no history of post-exposure prophylaxis) were included in the study. Patients with compromised renal functions (urea >108 mg/dl, reduced urine output <50 ml/hr) and already diagnosed neuromuscular junction disorders were excluded from the study. Written informed consent was obtained and patients were enrolled in the study. All patients were immediately worked up with detailed history and clinical examinations and were managed as per ICU protocols and followed within the hospital for mortality.Results: Mean age of study participants was 47±10.27 years. The majority of study subjects were males (n=102, 58%), un-immunized (n=88, 50%) or partially immunized (n=26, 15%), socioeconomically poor (n=84, 48%), illiterate (n=82, 47%) and from urban areas (n=114, 65%). In-hospital mortality was recorded in 109 (62%) of the study subjects. In hospital mortality was recorded highest in patients with an age range of 41-65 years (n=70/109, 64.22%), males (n=63/109, 57.8%), unimmunized (n=55/109, 50.45%), poor (n=52/109, 47.7%), illiterate (n=51/109, 46.78%) and urban (n=71/109, 65.14%). Conclusion: In-hospital mortality was high in patients with severe adult tetanus presenting with bad prognostic factors.Keywords: Clostridium tetani, Hospital Mortality, Severe adult tetanus, Tetanus, Tetanus Antitoxin, Tetanus Toxoid, Trismus, Prognostic Factors.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131012009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}