Journal of Political & Military Sociology最新文献

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Study of the Replacement Rate of Military Job Performance Ability According to Science and Technological Innovation 基于科技创新的军人工作绩效能力替代率研究
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2023.2002
Dongmin Kim, Kwanpyo Bae
{"title":"Study of the Replacement Rate of Military Job Performance Ability According to Science and Technological Innovation","authors":"Dongmin Kim, Kwanpyo Bae","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2023.2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2023.2002","url":null,"abstract":"The Republic of Korea (ROK) is making efforts to switch to a technology-intensive military that introduces advanced technology to prevent a security vacuum caused by a shortage of troops due to population decline. This study analyzed the replacement rate of military job performance ability by branch according to the development of science and technology (S&T). In addition, the following conclusions could be derived. First, S&T will significantly replace the human personnel’s job performance by 2040. Second, the degree of replacement by S&T will be high for the troop-intensive branches. Third, low-skilled and standardized jobs are easy to replace by S&T, and high-skilled atypical jobs are difficult to replace. Therefore, the ROK military’s aim of a military with advanced technology needs a customized policy that identifies low-skilled, standardized jobs, replaces them with S&T first, and gradually introduces super-technical skills that fit the attributes of the branches to which those jobs belong.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Personnel Psychology and Security 人员心理与安全
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2023.2003
Ikechukwu V. N. Ujoatuonu
{"title":"Personnel Psychology and Security","authors":"Ikechukwu V. N. Ujoatuonu","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2023.2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2023.2003","url":null,"abstract":"The personnel selection based on ethnoreligious factors, with the readoption of Fulani herders, bandits, and unknown shooters into the defense organization, has challenged Nigerian troops’ perceived individual employability, perceived work ability, and fit between person and vocation. Also, these have made personnel career adaptability a severe challenge for Nigerian soldiers. We examined person-job fit as a moderator in the associations of perceived individual employability, perceived work ability, and career adaptability. Two hundred and fifty-two Nigerian military personnel between eighteen and sixty years of age (M = 39; SD = .964) participated in the study. Through purposeful and convenient sampling techniques, we collected data using the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale, the Self-Perceived Individual Employability Scale, the Perceived Work Ability Scale, and the Person-Job-Fit Scale. Our findings showed that individual employability, perceived work ability, and person-job fit significantly predict military personnel’s career adaptation. Person-job fit moderated the association of perceived individual employability and military career adaptation. However, it did not influence the association between perceived work ability and military career adaptation. Our study showed that person-job fit, individual employability with work ability, and career adaptation are prerequisites for enlistment, deployment for combat, and well-being after combat experiences. Practical implications are that the insecurity challenges in Nigeria would have been mitigated if defense organizations had selected enlisted personnel for military work and deployment based on work ability, employability, and person-job fit so that they could quickly adapt to their careers and fight these insecurity challenges. Also, our study suggests that educational qualifications are not essential for military enlistment and deployment. We highlighted our study’s limitations and suggested further work on the topic.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Defense Diplomacy and Civil-Military Relations in Bangladesh 孟加拉国的国防外交和军民关系
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2023.2004
Rashed Zaman, Mansura Amdad
{"title":"Defense Diplomacy and Civil-Military Relations in Bangladesh","authors":"Rashed Zaman, Mansura Amdad","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2023.2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2023.2004","url":null,"abstract":"In a democratic state, it is expected that a balance exists between civil and military power. While the military’s role has been traditionally defined as safeguarding a country’s national sovereignty and security, the modern concept of civil-military relations encapsulates a broader engagement of the military in advancing a country’s diplomacy as well. This article, taking the broader understanding into consideration, probes into the Bangladesh military’s expanding role. While civil-military relations went through much turbulence during the first few decades in Bangladesh’s history, with the restoration of democracy in 1991 the military has been one of the key participants in advancing defense diplomacy. Using several case studies, the article addresses vital questions such as the role of colonial legacies in Bangladesh’s military, how the military has gradually embedded itself in Bangladesh’s social, political, and economic milieu, and how unique civil-military relations have emboldened Bangladesh’s defense diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"66 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Minerva Research Initiative 密涅瓦研究计划
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2023.2001
Asa Iacobucci, Liam Downey
{"title":"Minerva Research Initiative","authors":"Asa Iacobucci, Liam Downey","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2023.2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2023.2001","url":null,"abstract":"In response to a number of military failures in a rapidly changing war environment, the Department of Defense put forth major efforts to incorporate social science research into the US national defense strategy. Three such efforts—Project Camelot, Human Terrain Systems, and the Minerva Research Initiative—represent iterative Department of Defense efforts to better understand and change their organizational environment through legitimate academic knowledge production. Our investigation of these efforts demonstrates that when the Department of Defense wants specific information and has a difficult time obtaining it, it eventually finds a way to produce it, in this case by employing tactics similar to those employed by economic elites when they want to develop knowledge that will help them achieve their goals.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Legitimacy of Conscription in Democracy 民主制度下征兵的合法性
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2022.2004
Miina Kaarkoski, Teemu J. Häkkinen
{"title":"Legitimacy of Conscription in Democracy","authors":"Miina Kaarkoski, Teemu J. Häkkinen","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2022.2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2022.2004","url":null,"abstract":"Conscription is a political institution that may socialize individuals to acquire such values as a sense of patriotism and duty toward state. In democratic countries, public support for conscription is vital. In this article we study the effects of public opinion on Swedish and Finnish politics from 2008 to 2010 and from 2017 to 2021. Based on an analysis of political language, we argue that the use of such language is central to seeking legitimacy for controversial issues. To that end, political discussions and interpretations of public opinion are central ways of creating and legitimizing policy. By conducting a qualitative, conceptual, and contextual analysis of digitized parliamentary documents in Sweden and Finland, this article suggests that in both countries political elites have spoken about public opinion to support the crafting of defense policy, particularly when speaking about the necessity to reform conscription so as to maintain citizens’ engagement with defense and their acceptance of conscription as a core institution of national defense.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"17 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128430764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Fostering Fortitude 培养毅力
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2022.2003
L. Hart
{"title":"Fostering Fortitude","authors":"L. Hart","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2022.2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2022.2003","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes “National Defense Courses” textbooks that were used to disseminate defense information to the political, social, and administrative elite in Finland. Textbooks from 1967 to 2018 provide qualitative historicaland sociological data, showing how Finland has prepared for war and other security contingencies for the past five decades. The main shift in fostering the population’s allegiance to the state has gone from addressing the management of political heterodoxy as a patriotic endeavor to one of cultivating apolitical resilience in the face of adversity. Both patriotism and resilience appear in the texts as forms of civic piety, in which people’s individual preferences give way to collective interests.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128325020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction to the Special Issue 特刊简介
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2022.2001
L. Hart, Miina Kaarkoski, Teemu Tallberg
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue","authors":"L. Hart, Miina Kaarkoski, Teemu Tallberg","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2022.2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2022.2001","url":null,"abstract":"How do political communities stick together as polities in times of crisis? What is needed to motivate their citizens work together to deter threats, maintain state monopolies of violence, and sustain different forms of military alliances and cooperation? The answer, in large part, is patriotism. Patriotic thinking—both as a sentiment and as an element of political ideology—is a central tenet in building states and conducting state affairs. From the perspective of political philosophy, patriotism is often characterized as love for one’s country and as an affective relationship imbued with such emotions as pride, honor, and appreciation for the collective that it represents. Scholars from the tradition of republican patriotism argue that such love may be directed toward political institutions and that it helps form a way of life that sustains the liberty of a state’s population. This stands in contrast to nationalism, which regards thesame object of veneration, the homeland, with less tolerance of heterogeneity and political disunion. Both patriotism and nationalism are conceptualized in a variety of ways and can take on meanings as varied as benign civic unity and exclusionary chauvinism. Patriotism is often conceptualized as a form of civic virtue, stressing the way it prioritizes the community ahead of the individual.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"64 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115882881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fighting for the (Step)Motherland? 为祖国而战?
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2022.2002
Christofer Berglund, Kairi Kasearu, Juhan Kivirähk
{"title":"Fighting for the (Step)Motherland?","authors":"Christofer Berglund, Kairi Kasearu, Juhan Kivirähk","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2022.2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2022.2002","url":null,"abstract":"What makes individuals willing to defend their (adopted) homeland as their own? This is an essential question for all diverse societies. We turn to the case of Estonia, which inherited a sizable Russian-speaking population after the fall of the Soviet Union. Using recent polling data, we test demographic and attitudinal predictors of defense willingness among the first generation of males that have been raised in the republic since the restoration of independence. The results enable us to unpack differences between Estonian-speakers and Russian-speakers, as well as disagreements among the latter, which shed light on the state of social cohesion in Estonia’s national fabric.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129226374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
“The Swedish Principle is the Christian Principle” “瑞典原则就是基督教原则”
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2022.2005
Ida Olenius
{"title":"“The Swedish Principle is the Christian Principle”","authors":"Ida Olenius","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2022.2005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2022.2005","url":null,"abstract":"To strengthen Swedish patriotism during World War II, representatives of the Swedish Parliament and the Church of Sweden gathered at Stockholm’s City Hall and issued the motto “The Swedish principle is the Christian principle.” This study analyzes the role of Christianity in Swedish patriotism as expressed at that meeting. Using Viroli’s theories of nationalism and patriotism, this unifying message is found to contain a variety of understandings regarding the relationships between the Swedish people, Christianity, and the Church of Sweden. Christian faith was presented as part of both nationalism and patriotism and as both an instrument for increasing national loyalty and an objective in itself.","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political & Military Sociology","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133106882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Political Parties Mobilize Religion: Lessons from Mexico and Turkey by Luis Felipe Mantilla 政党如何动员宗教:墨西哥和土耳其的教训(作者:Luis Felipe Mantilla)
Journal of Political & Military Sociology Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.5744/jpms.2022.2011
Christopher D. Hale
{"title":"How Political Parties Mobilize Religion: Lessons from Mexico and Turkey by Luis Felipe Mantilla","authors":"Christopher D. Hale","doi":"10.5744/jpms.2022.2011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/jpms.2022.2011","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>n/a</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":326387,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political &amp; Military Sociology","volume":"24 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121011667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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