Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences最新文献

{"title":"The growth trend of planted trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the early stage of plantation establishment","authors":"B. G., Tsogtbaatar J, G. S","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v58i4.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v58i4.1049","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the growth of planted Scots Pine trees of different ages growing in the Tujyin Nars National park, located in Selenge aimag in the north of Mongolia. A total of seven, 50 x 20 m (0.1 ha) sized sample plots were established using a completely randomized sampling design. The tree growth monitoring was carried out between 2003 and 2017, by an annual repeated measurement at the end of each growing season. The total height, annual height increment and diameter at breast height were measured at sample plots and tree samples were taken for laboratory analysis. For statistical analysis, a One-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) and F-test were applied. Our findings showed that the annual height (F=15.21, P<0.0001) and radial increments (F=15.76, P<0.0001) varied among plantations commensurate to their age. In our study, the highest height (46.5±6.1 cm) and radial (4.1±0.8 mm) increment were occurred in 12 and 10 years old plantations. Therefore, a strong positive correlation (r=0.99) between tree increment and plantation age was observed in plantations below 12 years of age. After this age, increment values were relatively stable, which tended to gradually decrease with plantation age. Our findings confirm that initial planting design leads to overcrowding with plantation age; therefore, implementation of a thinning practice is necessary after a plantation reaches 12 years of age. The ever-decreasing trend of both radial and height increments in plantations beyond 12-years of age supports the importance of thinning as a practice to reduce competition and to support the growth of remaining trees in older plantations.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71015213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry and geochronology of the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the Shar Khutul area, Central Mongolia","authors":"E. D, Oyunchimeg T, O. D, J. Míková, Tomurchudur Ch, Dagva-Ochir L, Enkhdalai B, D. P, S. D, Pavel Hanz L","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I4.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I4.1045","url":null,"abstract":"The study area is located in the central part of Tsetserleg terrane in the southwestern margin of the Khangai-Khentey orogenic system. The paper presents new data on geochemistry and geochronology of sedimentary rocks from the Shar Khutul area, where the Tsetserleg terrane consists of Silurian-Devonian oceanic plate stratigraphic unit and Carboniferous shallow water sediment. The Upper Silurian to Middle Devonian Erdenetsogt Formation (S3-D2er), which is an oceanic plate stratigraphic unit, is mainly composed of siliceous siltstone, volcanites, tuffs, quartzite, and cherts. The shallow water sediments are divided into Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous Tsetserleg Formation (D3-C1cc) and Lower–Middle Carboniferous Dzargalant Formation (C1-2dz). The Tsetserleg Formation (D3-C1cc) consists of only sedimentary rocks such as bluish-grey sandstones and siltstones, and Lower–Middle Carboniferous Dzargalant Formation (C1-2dz) is principally composed of medium- to coarse-grained, brown-greenish grey sandstones with thin-layers of dark siltstones and gravelites. \u0000The SiO2 content of the Shar Khutul area sandstones ranges from 63.85 to 67.95 wt.% and the average content of TiO2 is 0.72 wt.% and Al2O3 content is 14.38 wt.%. The Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) value ranges from 48.71 to 56.94 and the range of Index of compositional variations (ICV) is from 0.98 to 1.24. Moreover, the samples studied show that most of the sandstones are generally immature and were derived from weakly weathered source rocks. \u0000The ratios of Eu/Eu* (0.83), La/Sc (3.81), La/Co (5.30), and Cr/Th (13.81) indicate that the derivation of the Shar Khutul area sandstones from felsic rock sources and confirm the signatures of a felsic igneous provenance and suggest an active continental margin tectonic setting of the source area. \u0000The clastic zircons from the medium grained sandstone (Erdenetsogt formation) yield ages between 2.5 Ga and 236 Ma and the detrital zircons exhibit four peak ages at 1.7-2.5 Ga (n = 13), 455-499 Ma (n = 6), 337-382 Ma (n = 13) and 236–250 Ma (n = 5).","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44735565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dependence of the cut-off parameters for the cluster reconstruction on incident momenta","authors":"S. Janchiv, T. Ravdandorj, T. Amgalan, Otgonsuren Dalkhajav, Munkhjargal Lkhagvadorj","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I4.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I4.1046","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, firstly, we have determined the multiplicities of protons that are involved from projectiles to interactions, and secondly, the mean incident momentum using experimental data on the collisions of proton, helium, oxygen, silicon, and sulfur with the nuclear emulsion at 4.5A GeV/c. We have studied the dependences of clot numbers, number of particles in the clot, rapidity, and the mean azimuthal value on the variable dij, and the dependence of the cluster number on the mean value of the variable dij. Using the “Cone” algorithm for the clustering, we have precisely identified that the cut-off parameter to compose the clusters consisted of s and f tracks produced in (p, He, C, O, Si, S) + Em collisions decreases by the power law with mean values of incident momentum.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41369546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETERMINATION OF SOME ORGANIC ACIDS IN “BARAGSHUN EN” PREPARATION","authors":"Z. Batbayar, Dolgorsuren Ts, N. Lkhagvasuren, S. Bolorchuluun, T. Enkh-Oyun","doi":"10.5564/pmas.v58i3.1033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v58i3.1033","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aims to measure the amount of some organic acids in Baragshun EN preparation made from natural mineral baragshun; and to determine their chemical structures by using modern advanced technologies. As a result of HPLC analysis, the amount of benzoic acid in Baragshun EN preparation was measured at 12.84%, as well as, linoleic acid, cathinone and malonic acid were identified in the supplement through GC/MS analysis. It has been identified that these organic acids in Baragshun EN preparation help restore the central nervous system, stimulate the immune system, prevent various diseases, protect the body, regenerate, and detoxify, and are antibacterial. The study reveals that the traditions used in folk medicine are similar to the results of our analysis.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45597334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ANALYSIS OF ANCIENT DOMESTIC GOAT IN THE MONGOLIA","authors":"J. Temuujin, T Khaliunaa, Z Batsaikhan, B Ochirkhuyag, J. Khulan, Janchiv Ts","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1036","url":null,"abstract":"Food and agricultural production sector, especially livestock production is vital for Mongolia’s economic and social development. The five breeds of livestock – cattle, horses, sheep, goats and camels, have always been directly related to the history, culture and economy of Mongolia. It is undeniable that these five breeds of livestock are considered as an important asset of the Mongolian economy as well as guarantee of national security. Out of the five breeds, small livestock including sheep and goats account for more than 80% of the total livestock population (according to the National Statistical Office data). It is not hard to retrieve research and recorded materials about the morphology or the economic productivity of these breeds and their sub-breeds. However, the development of society now demands higher yield from the livestock animals. Genetically, the a1, a2, a3 and a4 samples appertaining to some 3,000 years ago are substantially different from the haplogroups. However, judging by the phylogenetic tree the 800 year-old samples, as compared to the phylogroups of the 3rd century BC, are closer to the modern samples. Alongside this, from molecular distance we find that the M1 haplogroup is a sample belonging to the 3rd century BC, which had separated the earliest, while the aforementioned 800 year-old sample separates at a later period, which chronologically is convincing. But the a6 ancient sample conforms to the B haplogroup and the a8 or the sample of 800 years ago is in the same haplogroup as the sample of the 3rd century BC. However, the a6 sample obtained from the 3rd century BC tombs obtained sample was the origin of modern goats that can be included in haplogroup B.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42480475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODELING FOR LIQUID-SOLID PHASE TRANSITIONS IN FREE SURFACE FLOWS","authors":"Ayurzana Badarch, T. Hosoyamada, E. Tungalagtamir, G. Batzorig","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1030","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by the current lack of knowledge regarding phase transition in a free surface water flow, a novel and efficient numerical model for liquid-solid phase transition in a free surface flow has been developed for the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). The proposed model consists of two physically sound modules for solving free surface flow and heat transport. The heat transport module features an immersed boundary method and a non-iterative enthalpy-based approach. Sub-cycling time integration, improving the numerical stability of the heat transport module, is introduced for the integration of modules. The performance and accuracy of the model are verified through a preliminary experiment involving a melting ice cube. The obtained results indicate that the phase transition of fluid in any flow regime can be easily handled by the model with reasonable accuracy.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43362713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERISING SEASONAL VARIATIONS AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF AMBIENT PM2.5 CONCENTRATION BASED ON SHORT-TERM MONITORING IN DARKHAN CITY","authors":"Chultem B, Sonomdagva Ch, Byambatseren Ch, Y. Matsumi","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1031","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to survey the seasonal variation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration and determine spatial distribution in Darkhan city. Air pollution research and reports have been few and far between in most of parts in Mongolia, especially in Darkhan with respect to quantitative aerosol particle concentration. In this study, we utilized “PM2.5sensor” to measure spatial and seasonal variation of particulate matter concentrations in the study area. The monitoring points were chosen by basing on their specific features and set up directly at ambience outdoor. In each season, we carried out measurement at 3 points, which covered the ger district and apartment district areas for one day. Whereas, at one point the ger district was sampled for 4 days in summer. Fine particulate matter concentrations were the highest in the ger district area because there are many households that use coal for their daily heating and cooking, and at the bared surface. As for seasonal variation, in winter pollution reached 400 times higher than other seasons. Furthermore, at the ger district area, PM2.5 concentration was as much as 20 times greater than other points and it was observed that this too had its impact on the apartment district as well. As regards the air quality index, the level of particulate matter in the ger district area is extremely unhealthy to hazardous in winter. While, good and moderate indexes were mostly identified at monitoring points during the springtime.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45745269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BIFIDOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM INFANT FAECES","authors":"E. Bayar, Demberel Sh, S. Ishii, Kensuke Miyazaki, Takashi Yoshida","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1034","url":null,"abstract":"Antibacterial activity of bifidobacteria isolated from Mongolian infant faeces was elucidated on pathogenic intestinal bacteria for the development of a new antibacterial bifidobacteria, the permission for which was granted by the Mongolian Medical Ethics Committee Approval (MMECA). A total of forty-nine single colonies were obtained from 3 samples by using a BL medium enrichment. Among them, 29 isolates had Gram−positive, catalase−negative properties, and maul−like or Y−shaped morphology, and then, 20 Bifidobacterium breve and 9 Bifidobacterium longum strains were detected by the B. breve and B. longum specific primers. Organic acids produced by the isolated bifidobacteria in their cell-free supernatants were quantitatively analyzed by a spectrophotometric absorbance at 340 nm, suggesting that D−lactic, L−lactic, and acetic acids were produced, and the pH of the supernatants was at 3.86−4.55. The isolated bifidobacteria showed antibacterial activity toward Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium as high as that of a standard bifidobacteria, however, lower activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity was probably due to the production of organic acids.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46574026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PLANT REGENERATION FROM CALLUS CULTURES DERIVED FROM MATURE ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS OF SOPHORA ALOPECUROIDES LINN. IN MONGOLIA","authors":"T. M, Ganbat B, O. Yu","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1037","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the effect of hormones and selection of the most effective medium using callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of Sophora alopecuroides Linn. for plant regeneration. After 8 weeks of culture, the highest callus induction medium (93.3%) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mglL Zeatin and 2.0 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The best callus proliferation was observed on the same medium. Shoots regenerated at the highest frequency of 50.0% with 5.8 shoots when calli were cultured on MS medium with 2.0 mg/L BA. Therefore, this protocol provides a basis for future studies on genetic improvement and could be applied to large-scale multiplication systems for commercial nurseries of S.alopecuroides L.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42548728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY OF SOME SMALL MAMMALS FROM SCIURUDAE FAMILY IN MONGOLIA","authors":"U Bolortuya, G. Bayarmaa, Mandakhtsetsen Kh, D. Oyuntsetseg, D. Bayarlkhagva","doi":"10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/PMAS.V58I3.1035","url":null,"abstract":"The squirrel family, Sciuridae, is one of the largest and widespread, ecologically common families of mammals. Due to the conspicuousness of this small mammal group with a big population, insufficient knowledge exists about its phylogenetic relationships. In this study, we identified 14 DNA sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene in 6 species of Sciuridae and these sequences were compared with corresponding published COI gene sequences of the same species in Eurasia and determined their phylogenetic relationships by Neighbor-joining method.","PeriodicalId":32573,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44286638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}