2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)最新文献

{"title":"ICDAR2019 Competition on Scanned Receipt OCR and Information Extraction","authors":"Zheng Huang, Kai Chen, Jianhua He, X. Bai, Dimosthenis Karatzas, Shijian Lu, C. V. Jawahar","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00244","url":null,"abstract":"The ICDAR 2019 Challenge on \"Scanned receipts OCR and key information extraction\" (SROIE) covers important aspects related to the automated analysis of scanned receipts. The SROIE tasks play a key role in many document analysis systems and hold significant commercial potential. Although a lot of work has been published over the years on administrative document analysis, the community has advanced relatively slowly, as most datasets have been kept private. One of the key contributions of SROIE to the document analysis community is to offer a first, standardized dataset of 1000 whole scanned receipt images and annotations, as well as an evaluation procedure for such tasks. The Challenge is structured around three tasks, namely Scanned Receipt Text Localization (Task 1), Scanned Receipt OCR (Task 2) and Key Information Extraction from Scanned Receipts (Task 3). The competition opened on 10th February, 2019 and closed on 5th May, 2019. We received 29, 24 and 18 valid submissions received for the three competition tasks, respectively. This report presents the competition datasets, define the tasks and the evaluation protocols, offer detailed submission statistics, as well as an analysis of the submitted performance. While the tasks of text localization and recognition seem to be relatively easy to tackle, it is interesting to observe the variety of ideas and approaches proposed for the information extraction task. According to the submissions' performance we believe there is still margin for improving information extraction performance, although the current dataset would have to grow substantially in following editions. Given the success of the SROIE competition evidenced by the wide interest generated and the healthy number of submissions from academic, research institutes and industry over different countries, we consider that the SROIE competition can evolve into a useful resource for the community, drawing further attention and promoting research and development efforts in this field.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117073203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast Text/non-Text Image Classification with Knowledge Distillation","authors":"Miao Zhao, Rui-Qi Wang, Fei Yin, Xu-Yao Zhang, Lin-Lin Huang, J. Ogier","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00234","url":null,"abstract":"How to efficiently judge whether a natural image contains texts or not is an important problem. Since text detection and recognition algorithms are usually time-consuming, and it is unnecessary to run them on images that do not contain any texts. In this paper, we investigate this problem from two perspectives: the speed and the accuracy. First, to achieve high speed for efficient filtering large number of images especially on CPU, we propose using small and shallow convolutional neural network, where the features from different layers are adaptively pooled into certain sizes to overcome difficulties caused by multiple scales and various locations. Although this can achieve high speed but its accuracy is not satisfactory due to limited capacity of small network. Therefore, our second contribution is using the knowledge distillation to improve the accuracy of the small network, by constructing a larger and deeper neural network as teacher network to instruct the learning process of the small network. With the above two strategies, we can achieve both high speed and high accuracy for filtering scene text images. Experimental results on a benchmark dataset have shown the effectiveness of our method: the teacher network yields state-of-the-art performance, and the distilled small network achieves high performance while maintaining high speed which is 176 times faster on CPU and 3.8 times faster on GPU than a compared benchmark method.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123514711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Attention-Based End-to-End Model for Multiple Text Lines Recognition in Japanese Historical Documents","authors":"N. Ly, C. Nguyen, M. Nakagawa","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00106","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an attention-based convolutional sequence to sequence (ACseq2seq) model for recognizing an input image of multiple text lines from Japanese historical documents without explicit segmentation of lines. The recognition system has three main parts: a feature extractor using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract a feature sequence from an input image; an encoder employing bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) to encode the feature sequence; and a decoder using a unidirectional LSTM with the attention mechanism to generate the final target text based on the attended pertinent features. We also introduce a residual LSTM network between the attention vector and softmax layer in the decoder. The system can be trained end-to-end by a standard cross-entropy loss function. In the experiment, we evaluate the performance of the ACseq2seq model on the anomalously deformed Kana datasets in the PRMU contest. The results of the experiments show that our proposed model achieves higher recognition accuracy than the state-of-the-art recognition methods on the anomalously deformed Kana datasets.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125312841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-Word Embeddings for OCR Corrections in Highly Fusional Indic Languages","authors":"Rohit Saluja, Mayur Punjabi, Mark J. Carman, Ganesh Ramakrishnan, P. Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00034","url":null,"abstract":"Texts in Indic Languages contain a large proportion of out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words due to frequent fusion using conjoining rules (of which there are around 4000 in Sanskrit). OCR errors further accentuate this complexity for the error correction systems. Variations of sub-word units such as n-grams, possibly encapsulating the context, can be extracted from the OCR text as well as the language text individually. Some of the sub-word units that are derived from the texts in such languages highly correlate to the word conjoining rules. Signals such as frequency values (on a corpus) associated with such sub-word units have been used previously with log-linear classifiers for detecting errors in Indic OCR texts. We explore two different encodings to capture such signals and augment the input to Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based OCR correction models, that have proven useful in the past for jointly learning the language as well as OCR-specific confusions. The first type of encoding makes direct use of sub-word unit frequency values, derived from the training data. The formulation results in faster convergence and better accuracy values of the error correction model on four different languages with varying complexities. The second type of encoding makes use of trainable sub-word embeddings. We introduce a new procedure for training fastText embeddings on the sub-word units and further observe a large gain in F-Scores, as well as word-level accuracy values.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126290142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Super-Resolution for Scene Text Images","authors":"Ryo Nakao, Brian Kenji Iwana, S. Uchida","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00071","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we realize the enhancement of super-resolution using images with scene text. Specifically, this paper proposes the use of Super-Resolution Convolutional Neural Networks (SRCNN) which are constructed to tackle issues associated with characters and text. We demonstrate that standard SRCNNs trained for general object super-resolution is not sufficient and that the proposed method is a viable method in creating a robust model for text. To do so, we analyze the characteristics of SRCNNs through quantitative and qualitative evaluations with scene text data. In addition, analysis using the correlation between layers by Singular Vector Canonical Correlation Analysis (SVCCA) and comparison of filters of each SRCNN using t-SNE is performed. Furthermore, in order to create a unified super-resolution model specialized for both text and objects, a model using SRCNNs trained with the different data types and Content-wise Network Fusion (CNF) is used. We integrate the SRCNN trained for character images and then SRCNN trained for general object images, and verify the accuracy improvement of scene images which include text. We also examine how each SRCNN affects super-resolution images after fusion.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126436414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Typing for Improved Recognition on Heterogeneous Handwritten Forms","authors":"Ciprian Tomoiaga, Paul Feng, M. Salzmann, PA Jayet","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00084","url":null,"abstract":"Offline handwriting recognition has undergone continuous progress over the past decades. However, existing methods are typically benchmarked on free-form text datasets that are biased towards good-quality images and handwriting styles, and homogeneous content. In this paper, we show that state-of-the-art algorithms, employing long short-term memory (LSTM) layers, do not readily generalize to real-world structured documents, such as forms, due to their highly heterogeneous and out-of-vocabulary content, and to the inherent ambiguities of this content. To address this, we propose to leverage the content type within an LSTM-based architecture. Furthermore, we introduce a procedure to generate synthetic data to train this architecture without requiring expensive manual annotations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach at transcribing text on a challenging, real-world dataset of European Accident Statements.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125815823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Handwritten Chinese Text Recognizer Applying Multi-level Multimodal Fusion Network","authors":"Yuhuan Xiu, Qingqing Wang, Hongjian Zhan, Man Lan, Yue Lu","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00235","url":null,"abstract":"Handwritten Chinese text recognition (HCTR) has received extensive attention from the community of pattern recognition in the past decades. Most existing deep learning methods consist of two stages, i.e., training a text recognition network on the base of visual information, followed by incorporating language constrains with various language models. Therefore, the inherent linguistic semantic information is often neglected when designing the recognition network. To tackle this problem, in this work, we propose a novel multi-level multimodal fusion network and properly embed it into an attention-based LSTM so that both the visual information and the linguistic semantic information can be fully leveraged when predicting sequential outputs from the feature vectors. Experimental results on the ICDAR-2013 competition dataset demonstrate a comparable result with the state-of-the-art approaches.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129747217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LPGA: Line-of-Sight Parsing with Graph-Based Attention for Math Formula Recognition","authors":"Mahshad Mahdavi, M. Condon, Kenny Davila","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00109","url":null,"abstract":"We present a model for recognizing typeset math formula images from connected components or symbols. In our approach, connected components are used to construct a line-of-sight (LOS) graph. The graph is used both to reduce the search space for formula structure interpretations, and to guide a classification attention model using separate channels for inputs and their local visual context. For classification, we used visual densities with Random Forests for initial development, and then converted this to a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with a second branch to capture context for each input image. Formula structure is extracted as a directed spanning tree from a weighted LOS graph using Edmonds' algorithm. We obtain strong results for formulas without grids or matrices in the InftyCDB-2 dataset (90.89% from components, 93.5% from symbols). Using tools from the CROHME handwritten formula recognition competitions, we were able to compile all symbol and structure recognition errors for analysis. Our data and source code are publicly available.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130149470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GARN: A Novel Generative Adversarial Recognition Network for End-to-End Scene Character Recognition","authors":"Hao Kong, Dongqi Tang, Xi Meng, Tong Lu","doi":"10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2019.00115","url":null,"abstract":"Deep neural networks have shown their powerful ability in scene character recognition tasks; however, in real life applications, it is often hard to find a large amount of high-quality scene character images for training these networks. In this paper, we proposed a novel end-to-end network named Generative Adversarial Recognition Networks (GARN) for accurate natural scene character recognition in an end-to-end way. The proposed GARN consists of a generation part and a classification part. For the generation part, the purpose is to produce diverse realistic samples to help the classifier overcome the overfitting problem. While in the classification part, a multinomial classifier is trained along with the generator in the form of a game to achieve better character recognition performance. That is, the proposed GARN has the ability to augment scene character data by its generation part and recognize scene characters by its classification part. It is trained in an adversarial way to improve recognition performance. The experimental results on benchmark datasets and the comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods show the effectiveness of the proposed GARN in scene character recognition.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116430745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Visual Template-Free Form Parsing","authors":"Brian L. Davis, B. Morse, Scott D. Cohen, Brian L. Price, Chris Tensmeyer","doi":"10.1109/icdar.2019.00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2019.00030","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic, template-free extraction of information from form images is challenging due to the variety of form layouts. This is even more challenging for historical forms due to noise and degradation. A crucial part of the extraction process is associating input text with pre-printed labels. We present a learned, template-free solution to detecting pre-printed text and input text/handwriting and predicting pair-wise relationships between them. While previous approaches to this problem have been focused on clean images and clear layouts, we show our approach is effective in the domain of noisy, degraded, and varied form images. We introduce a new dataset of historical form images (late 1800s, early 1900s) for training and validating our approach. Our method uses a convolutional network to detect pre-printed text and input text lines. We pool features from the detection network to classify possible relationships in a language-agnostic way. We show that our proposed pairing method outperforms heuristic rules and that visual features are critical to obtaining high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":325437,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"18 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127824650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}