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Paradigm shift in the pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus 2型糖尿病药物治疗的范式转变
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_40_19
T. Lathia
{"title":"Paradigm shift in the pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"T. Lathia","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_40_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_40_19","url":null,"abstract":"The options for pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes mellitus have exploded over the last decade or so. Availability of a variety of new drugs, oral as well as injectable, has made the choice of treatment more complex and challenging. Over a decade or so ago, glycemic (glucometabolic) control was the main target of treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus – usually with metformin, sulfonylureas (SU), thiazolidinediones, and insulin (the traditional quartet). There is conflicting evidence on the cardiovascular (CV) effects of the traditional quartet of drugs. The almost serendipitous benefit of sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on CVD and kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has revolutionized the way we view the treatment of diabetes. . What the physician needs to remember when prescribing this drug is – right patient and right intent.","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"11 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42012943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evidence-based intervention to prevent anemia among women of reproductive age group in developing countries 发展中国家育龄妇女预防贫血的循证干预
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_50_19
M. Zafar
{"title":"Evidence-based intervention to prevent anemia among women of reproductive age group in developing countries","authors":"M. Zafar","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_50_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_50_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Anemia in developing countries is the biggest public health problem. Reproductive age group women have high prevalence. The objective of the present study is to determine the cost-effective intervention for the reduction of anemia among women of reproductive age group. Methodology: A review of the literature was done for identifying various preventive strategies regarding anemia and its implementation barriers in low- and middle-income countries. Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used as search engines.Results: The result of the review shows that the most cost-effective method for the prevention of anemia among women is iron fortification of food, iron supplementation, community-based health promotion of healthy nutrition. Women empowerment is the best tool for the implementation of all the above method for the prevention of anemia. Conclusion: Community-based intervention is the most effective method for reducing maternal anemia. It includes health promotion and women empowerment. There is a need to develop policies to improve the health promotion activities and involvement of women in society.","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"6 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42108476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Assessment of the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome among the college students: A case–control study from Kolkata 大学生多囊卵巢综合征患病率的评估：加尔各答的一项病例对照研究
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_62_19
M. Chatterjee, S. Bandyopadhyay
{"title":"Assessment of the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome among the college students: A case–control study from Kolkata","authors":"M. Chatterjee, S. Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_62_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_62_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. Of late, the disease is on its rise due to environmental changes as well as lifestyle disorders, affecting 4%–26% of adolescent and young women all over the globe. Initially, this condition is asymptomatic in young girls, progressing toward menstrual irregularities, obesity, hyperandrogenism in late puberty and eventually developing insulin resistance, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and infertility around middle age. Aims: Early diagnosis is necessary for early intervention, including lifestyle modifications to prevent the immediate and chronic consequences of PCOS. Materials and Methods: Our study design was of a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey, conducted from September 2017 to March 2018 to investigate the prevalence of PCOS and its association with body composition variables. The study population comprised randomly chosen students (age group 18–20 years) of all discipline. The data were collected from the students using structured questionnaire with Rotterdam's criteria, and anthropometric measurements were taken using standard techniques. Results: Approximately 28% of the college students were found to be at high risk of developing PCOS. More than 85% of the PCOS cases had oligomenorrhea, 19% were hirsute, 41% had acne, 63% had emotional disturbance, and 22% with a positive family history. Furthermore, the body mass index of the PCOS students demonstrated a trend of Grade 1 obesity than the normal females of the same age group. Conclusion: The present study is an attempt to create increased awareness among the students for early and accurate diagnosis, which is the primary step in managing PCOS.","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"28 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43393693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Neurothekeoma of the scalp in a child: A rare case 儿童头皮神经瘤:罕见病例
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_6_19
A. Singh, Maryem Ansari, Ramesh Tanger, Arun Gupta
{"title":"Neurothekeoma of the scalp in a child: A rare case","authors":"A. Singh, Maryem Ansari, Ramesh Tanger, Arun Gupta","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_6_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_6_19","url":null,"abstract":"Neurothekeoma (NT) is a rare, benign tumor that is derived from peripheral nerve sheath cells. There are less than 300 cases reported in the literature to date. Historically, this tumor has been subclassified as myxoid (classic), mixed, or the cellular type, depending on the amount of myxoid stroma and cellularity. Here, we present a case of NT (mixed type) of the scalp in a 3-year-old female child. The tumor was completely excised. No recurrence was detected in the past 3 months after the local excision.","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"48 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41453543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Nobel prize in physiology or medicine 2019 2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/JMGIMS.JMGIMS_2_20
Gupta Op
{"title":"The Nobel prize in physiology or medicine 2019","authors":"Gupta Op","doi":"10.4103/JMGIMS.JMGIMS_2_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JMGIMS.JMGIMS_2_20","url":null,"abstract":"• According to Alfred Nobel’s will the bulk of his fortune should be divided into five parts and to be used for prizes in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace. • The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901. • In the late 1960s, Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden's central bank) established the Economic Sciences Prize in memory of Alfred Nobel. • The Nobel Prizes are announced at the beginning of October every year. In 2019, 15 men and women were awarded a Nobel Prize. • The Economic Sciences Prize is awarded at the same time as the Nobel Prize, as part of the same ceremony on 10 December every year.","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"57 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70803352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Medical jousting: Think well before speaking 医疗比武:三思而后言
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_63_19
A. Agrawal, V. Thawani
{"title":"Medical jousting: Think well before speaking","authors":"A. Agrawal, V. Thawani","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_63_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_63_19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"50 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70803885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Comment on: Knowledge and attitude regarding Zika virus disease among junior residents of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India 评论：印度德里一家三级护理医院初级居民对寨卡病毒疾病的认识和态度
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_31_19
H. Esmaily, Elmira Niknami, A. Saffaei
{"title":"Comment on: Knowledge and attitude regarding Zika virus disease among junior residents of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India","authors":"H. Esmaily, Elmira Niknami, A. Saffaei","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_31_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_31_19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"52 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43326622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cryptococcus laurentii: An unusual cause for atypical pneumonia in hematological malignancy 劳伦隐球菌:血液恶性肿瘤非典型肺炎的罕见病因
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_65_18
Sunita Kabi, Swati Jain, B. Swain, N. Sharma
{"title":"Cryptococcus laurentii: An unusual cause for atypical pneumonia in hematological malignancy","authors":"Sunita Kabi, Swati Jain, B. Swain, N. Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_65_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_65_18","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptococcus laurentii, one of the nonneoformans Cryptococcus is a known biopesticide to control fruit rot, previously considered to be nonpathogenic to humans, is now have been reported as a cause of opportunistic infections. Here, we present a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis due to C. laurentii in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and prolymphocytic leukemia. Sputum microscopy showed Gram-positive spherical capsulated budding yeast cells, culture of which revealed it as C. laurentii. The patient was promptly put on fluconazole, but he died on the subsequent day after initiation of therapy. A high index of suspicion and improvement of techniques of culture and identification is essential for early diagnosis and treatment of unusual fungal infections.","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"45 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43526081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Illness divinized 疾病占卜
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_68_19
M. Mishra
{"title":"Illness divinized","authors":"M. Mishra","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_68_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_68_19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"55 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42614380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stress!! 强调
Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_5_20
O. Gupta
{"title":"Stress!!","authors":"O. Gupta","doi":"10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_5_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_5_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"56 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47055331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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