FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Natural Convection Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation Analysis in Saltbox Roof under Summer Conditions","authors":"Tobechukwu E. Ogwumike, O. T. Olakoyejo, Fisayo T. Oloruntoba, Abdulsobur A. Musah, M. Oyekeye, O. Oluwatusin, A. Oluwo, A. Adelaja","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.722","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates numerically the 2D laminar natural convection in a Saltbox roof type geometry under summer climate conditions as obtained in Africa, particularly Nigeria using ANSYS FLUENT to model the boundary conditions. The effects of Rayleigh number (Ra) within the range of 103-107 and pitch angles (top and base) on heat transfer, the flow structure, temperature distribution and entropy generation within the geometry were analysed. Results show that the flow is nearly symmetric at lower Ra, while for higher Ra, the flow becomes asymmetric. The Nusselt number (Nu) has a proportional relationship with the top pitch angle and an inverse relationship with the base pitch angle when the Rayleigh number is fixed. The effect of the Ra on the Nu is insignificant at lower Ra, but becomes noticeable at higher Ra. The total entropy generation increases with an increase in top pitch angle and a decrease in base pitch angles, at fixed Rayleigh numbers. The physical implication is that, for a Saltbox roof type geometry, at fixed Ra, the best convective heat transfer process is achieved by lowering the base pitch angle and increasing the top pitch angle.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126626937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Intrusion Detection as a Solution to Security and Privacy Issues in IoT: A Systematic Review","authors":"Olufunke G. Darley, A. Adenowo, A. Yussuff","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.802","url":null,"abstract":"Billions of IoT devices are in use worldwide and generate a humongous amount of data for the IoT system. This continuous stream of data is open to attack during its collection, transportation, processing, dissemination and storage cycle. Also, IoT devices themselves are points of system vulnerability through which the system can be attacked. Machine learning (ML), due to its ability to identify inherent patterns and behaviour in data, has been applied by many researchers to IoT data such that strange patterns or intrusions into IoT systems can be speedily detected and real-time decisions on security and privacy (S&P)  protection implemented in a timely manner. Different ML techniques with their different algorithms have provided solutions in various scenarios such that security and privacy requirements for the IoT system can be met. In particular, ML has been successfully applied in intrusion detection and has been shown to perform better than traditional means in flagging new trends of attacks. This paper presents a systematic literature review on ML intrusion detection in IoT. Academic journals from 2011 to 2021 from two databases (IEEE and Proquest) were explored using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. A review of the final selected papers revealed that data preprocessing, feature extraction, model training and deployment of ML-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) increase computational complexity resulting in greater resource requirement (CPU,  memory, and energy); enable ML to be used in the execution of adversarial attacks on IoT devices and networks;  require trade-offs between detection accuracy and false-positive events; and highlight the superior performance of deep learning methods over traditional ML ones in anomaly detection. Generally, the changing nature of attacks makes it difficult for any particular IDS to be able to detect all attack types thus making the development of IDS a continuing project.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116478468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Physical and Thermal Properties of Velvet Bean (Mucuna pruriens) as Potentials for Development of Processing Machines","authors":"J. Adeyanju, A. O. Abioye, A. Adekunle, A. Ajala, A. Oloyede, Esther T. Afolayan","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.778","url":null,"abstract":"The engineering properties of food materials have helped design, develop, and select suitable equipment for preservation, processing, packaging, and storage of food material, including velvet bean, an underutilised legume. Therefore, this research work is aimed at assessing the influence of moisture variation on some engineering properties of velvet beans. The velvet bean seed used was conditioned to moisture content ranging between 8.12 and 28.21 % to determine some selected physical properties. The thermal properties were determined using a KD2-Pro thermal analyser. The physical properties results indicated that the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, volume, and surface area increased with varying moisture content while there was a decrease in the sphericity and aspect ratio. Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and specific heat capacity ranged from 0.18 to 0.65 W/mK, 1.2×10-7 to 3.1×10-7 m2/s and 1.57 to 2.16 kJ/kgK, respectively. The physical and thermal properties of the seeds were measured and their respective high correlation coefficients indicate that they can be used to simulate these parameters within the moisture domain investigated. The physical and thermal properties of velvet bean differ significantly with moisture contents. The information obtained on some engineering properties of velvet bean seeds could help design processing machinery and optimise milling operations.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127096755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Station Assisted Licensed Shared Access","authors":"S. Onidare, O. A. Tiamiyu, Nurudeen O. Yusuff, D. R. Aremu, A. Ayeni","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.809","url":null,"abstract":"A major issue in deploying aerial base stations is the strain it places on the already scarce spectrum and the associated required re-design of the radio resource allocations. To solve this problem, we propose a Licensed Shared Access- (LSA-) based aerial-terrestrial system. The proposed scheme is an integration of unmanned aerial vehicle base station (UAV-BS), as a licensee system, utilising the radio spectrum allocated to other wireless systems- the incumbent system, with the ground base-station operating at the traditional frequency band for cellular systems. However, a major challenge in using LSA for D-BSs is the spectrum unavailability while the incumbent system is active. In conventional terrestrial networks, this leads to service unavailability in a wide geographical area. To tackle this, we define a dynamic UAV-BS positioning scheme that takes into account the presence or otherwise of the incumbent on the spectrum (incumbent Busy and, Idle mode) while taking into consideration the spatial capacity demand in the licensee network. In the busy incumbent mode, the problem of the UAV-BS positioning is tantamount to a goal programming problem with the first level priority goal of fulfilling the incumbent’s interference threshold constraint. Simulation result show that in addition to, the proposed (LSA-) based aerial-terrestrial scheme, solving the challenge posed by scarcity of spectrum in aerial base station deployment, a significant improvement in the system efficiency is obtained. It is seen that the proposed dynamic UAV-BS positioning scheme achieved the desired capacity requirement of the licensee network, while ensuring the interference threshold is not exceeded, at a relatively smaller distance of 1000 m to the boundary of the incumbent’s system transmission coverage as opposed to a larger distance of about 19 Km.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130944588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sesame Straw Ash as a Substitute for Cement on Strength Characteristics of Concrete","authors":"T. A. Sulaiman, S. Ejeh, A. Lawan, J. M. Kaura","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.813","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete is broadly used as a building material across the globe, and its use is raising the need of cement in the construction industries. High price of cement and environmental debasement are the driving problems forcing the researchers to come up with alternative materials from large volumes of agricultural wastes as a partial replacement for cement. This study aims at recycling agricultural waste ash (i.e.  Sesame straw ash) as a substitute for cement in the production of sustainable and environmentally friendly greener concrete. Preliminary tests on constituent materials were conducted in order to find out their physical properties. Influences of sesame straw ash (SSA) on cement paste were looked into for addition of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 % by weight of cement. The Compressive and flexural strengths as well as the slump of concrete made with different portions of SSA (i.e. 0 – 25 %) were investigated. A 100 mm cubes and 100 mm X 100 mm X 450 mm beams of SSA-concrete were tested for compressive and flexural strengths at 3, 7, 28, 56 and 90 days of curing in line with procedure outlined in BS 1881-116: (1983) and BS 1881-118: (1983) respectively. The outcomes of the workability test show that as the portion of SSA increases the workability a fresh concrete decreases, but consistency, setting times, and soundness of SSA-cement paste increase as the portion of SSA increases. However, the strengths of SSA-concrete increase as the duration of curing increases, and decrease as the portion of SSA increases. It was detected that strength of concrete produced with 10 % SSA content was beyond the designed strength of 20 N/mm2 at 28 days of curing. Finally, it was concluded that maximum amount of SSA to be used should not exceed 10 % replacement in concrete production.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121198190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Question Answering Framework Based on Hybridization of Deep Learning and Semantic Web Techniques","authors":"S. K. Aina, A. Obiniyi, Donfack A. F. Kana","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.827","url":null,"abstract":"The question answering (QA) system has been existing for several years. QA systems are divided into different processes such as question processing, document processing, paragraph extraction, answer extraction, question analysis, phrase mapping, disambiguation, query construction, querying the Knowledge Base (KB), and result ordering on user response respectively. Based on these processes, many models have been developed using approaches ranging from linguistic, statistical, and pattern matching. Popular models are Feedback, Refinement and Extended VocabularY Aggregation (FREyA), PowerAqua, SemSek, Semantic Interpretation of User Queries for QA on Interlinked Data (SINA), DEep Answers for maNy Naturally Asked questions (DEANNA), gAnswer, SemGraph, OKBQA (Open Knowledge Base and Question Answering) and Semantic Question Answering (SQA), for performance evaluation, these mostly focus on higher precision, recall, and/or F-measure. However, most of these models are constrained in the following operations: the combination of knowledge bases from different sources, formalism for knowledge representation to support interoperability, optimization of query construction and generation, ranking of responses, and support for set operations (union, sorting, comparison, and aggregation on user query) during query generation. This research proposes a hybrid of recurrent neural network and semantic-web-based question answering as the (RNNSQA) framework that combines heterogeneous knowledge sources and improves on state-of-the-art query generation mechanisms to allow for integration of comprehensive question-type operations, and set-based operations listed above. First, there would be a combination of techniques that is Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) techniques in classifying questions into types. Secondly, the semantic web technique is then employed in generating (SPARQL Protocol and RDF (Resource Description Framework) Query Language) SPARQL-based candidate queries. The result of this study is an enhanced QA framework with improved query translation and construction capability.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116462193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of Ginger Mixed Mode Solar Dryer Integrated with Latent Heat Storage","authors":"Lanre Abel Agbetiloye, F. Anafi, N. O. Omisanya","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.759","url":null,"abstract":"This study is concerned with the design, simulation, construction and performance evaluation of a ginger solar dryer integrated with latent heat storage. It was done to address the problem of complete non-availability of conserved energy to precede the drying process for some times immediately after the sunshine hours have elapsed; thereby reducing the wide gap between the solar energy demand and supply.  The ginger solar dryer was tested to dry 6 kg of sliced ginger rhizomes. The dimensions of the dryer were calculated by design to be as follows: 1.5638 m, 1.6302 m2 and 1.155 m for collector length, collector area and chimney height respectively. An experiment was conducted to blend Aluminium powder with shea butter at elevated mass fraction of (1 – 5) %wt of Aluminium powder. The third level composition (3%/97%) was considered the most appropriate due to its moderate thermal conductivity of 0.053762 W/mK and highest latent heat of fusion - 164.53 KJ/kg. The ginger solar dryer was tested with ginger slices of (3 – 5) mm average thickness from 9:00 am to 11:00 pm of 11th June, 2019. The average drying rate, collector efficiency and drying efficiency for the period were kg/s, 77% and 30% respectively","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126649393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Arsenic Sorption from Soil Using Some Selected Microorganisms and Non-Linear Error-Functions Method of Analysis","authors":"E. Atikpo, Ehizonomen S. Okonofua","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.798","url":null,"abstract":"This is a Non-linear approach to kinetic evaluation of arsenic sorption from soil using Microorganisms.  Minimization of error functions: average relative error, root-mean-square error, normalized standard deviation and standard error of experiment was applied to compensate for linearizing the non-linear models applied in fitting the laboratory data. The laboratory data was obtained from the study of As removal with cultured indigenous Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Arthrobacter nicotiniae (A. nicotiniae) used for treating As contaminated soil from Amaonye forest, Ebonye state in Nigeria. Analysis revealed that Asernic removal by the organisms was reaction controlled owing to the fact that the removal was dominated by chemical process deduced from pseudo-first-order as highlighted by the minimum ARE value of -2.0324 for K. pneumoniae action and -1.9868 for the action of A. nicotiniae.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114569499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Magnetic Field Pre-treatment on the Fibre Content of Sweet Pepper and Fluted Pumpkin Leaves","authors":"M. M. Odewole, A. Olalusi, Kamil O. Abdulsalam, A. G. Hammed","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.771","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet pepper (SP) and Fluted pumpkin leaves (FPL) vegetables contain fibre. Thermal pretreatment (heat addition) of vegetables during processing has the tendency of reducing their qualities. Magnetic field (MF) as a non-thermal method of food pretreatment is still grossly underutilized. Therefore, three (3) MF pretreatment parameters (MF types, MF strength and pretreatment time) were imposed on SP and FPL for the investigation of their effect on the fibre content of the two vegetables. A device working on electromagnetism principle was used to conduct the experiment designed. The average capacity and highest value of MF strength of the device are 20 g/min and 30 mT respectively. The fibre content of all pretreated samples and controls (blanched and fresh) were analyzed using standard procedures. Results showed that pretreatment with MF led to fibre content of about 1.7 – 2.6% for SP and 6 – 10% for FPL; but samples of blanched SP and FPL had 1.8% and 1.7% respectively. MF pretreatment in most cases led to better values of fibre than blanching for SP and FPL.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116240700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Glass and Steel Slag Mixtures as a Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregate in Asphalt Concrete","authors":"Oluwatobi A. Ogunsanya, Olusegun O. Aluko, O. Ogundipe","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.752","url":null,"abstract":"Solid waste management is a significant challenge  particularly in developing countries for example Nigeria. The waste disposal technique is inadequate as negative effects from improper solid waste dumping can be easily visible in the environment. Recycling and reuse of wasteas aggregate in asphalt production may be an economic way to reduce these problems. This research evaluates the viability of crushed waste glass combined with steel slag (GSS) as fine aggregate in asphalt wearing courses. The Marshall mix method was used in production and evaluation of samples. GSS mixtures in the ratio 70:30 (steel slag: glass) were substituted for fine aggregate at varying percentages of 0 to 50 %. This mix ratio was adopted so that the glass content does not exceed 10%.Five samples of GSS content   (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%and 50%) were prepared and their Marsha lstability,Voids in Mineral Aggregates, Voids filled with Bitumen and bulk density were evaluated and compared to nominal asphalt mix. While a 10% GSS replacement in modified asphalt resulted in a greater peak stability value of 16.21 kN compared to the standard mix peak stability value of 12.68kN. The 20% GSS replacement resulted in a lower flow value and a significantly higher Marshall quotient of 5.11KN/MM was recorded at 20% replacement, making it preferable. As a result, a 20% replacement is advised for heavily trafficked highways, whereas up to 30% replacement is permissible on lightly traveled roads.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130262733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}