FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Prediction of Compressive Strength of Concrete containing Nanosized Cassava Peel Ash as partial Replacement of Cement using Artificial Neural Network","authors":"C. Nwa-David, D. O. Onwuka, Fidelis C. Njoku","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1029","url":null,"abstract":"The leaping impact of increased population and commercialization on global energy demand, has prompted more concern for sustainable development and strength evaluation of concrete structures. This study was carried out to improve the strength of concrete by adopting nanosized cassava peel ash (NCPA) as partial replacement of cement and to model its strength with artificial neural network (ANN). Data used for the model were obtained experimentally. At any percentage not exceeding 20 % NCPA replacement, the concrete is a suitable structural material. The neural network was adequately trained to capture the relationship between the compressive strength values of NCPA-concrete and their corresponding mix ratios at 7 days, 14 days, 28 days, 56 days, 90 days and 150days curing. A 6-10-1 network architecture was created. A total of four hundred (400) training data set were presented to the network. Two hundred and forty (240) of these were used for training the network, sixty (60) were used for validation, and another sixty (60) were used for testing the network's performance. After training the network, the output and targets had an R - value of 0.99909 which is very close to 1. This shows that the data used for training the network, have a good fit. The results obtained from the network are approximately the same as that obtained experimentally. The adequacy of the network was further tested using the Student’s T test. The calculated T-value (-0.11) for the compressive strength of NCPA-concrete was less than that from the T-table (2.04) at 95% confidence level, proving that the network predictions are reliable. This model is reliable, time-effective and accurate for strength prediction of nanosized concrete.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116900068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Embedded Control for a Repetitive Pick and Placed Robotic Arm","authors":"O. Ogunbiyi, Taiwo O. Idowu, Lambe M. Adesina","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.976","url":null,"abstract":"Manual execution of tasks is usually strenuous and exhaustive, some tasks may be repetitive in nature such that it requires full concentration. Nowadays, the integration of robotics into commercial and industrial activities to perform repetitive, dangerous, and difficult is becoming a norm. This work focuses on the implementation of a robotic arm. The robotic arm was designed to have six degrees of freedom. The control circuit includes an embedded Atmega328P microcontroller interfaced with servomotors and other glue electronic components such as sensors and buttons. The system is structured and programmed to operate automatically, performing a repetitive routine. The rotation and orientation of the device were tuned by sending required pulse width modulation (PMW) signals to different servomotors, such that they rotate as desired. The system employs six potentiometers in varying the duty cycle generated by the microcontroller. The system is structured such that three servomotors manipulate the motion of the body, the shoulder, the arm elbow, and the base. Manipulations of the end effector were also carried out by another three servomotors, each one controlling the gripper pitch, the movement of gripper spin, and that of the gripper itself. The constructed robotic arm gives a good response when tested for repetitive picking of objects. A similar acceptable performance was repeated in the autonomous lifting and dropping of objects items.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131358590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geophysical Post-construction Integrity Assessment of the Subsurface Conditions of a Church Auditorium in Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"A. Eluwole, Temitope Emmanuel Olasupo, I. O. Idowu, Kamal O. Ibrahim, Kolawole Ajele","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1009","url":null,"abstract":"The recent obvious manifestation of rising damp, flaked plaster, blistered paint and cracks which are subtle evidences of structural distress necessitated a post-construction integrity assessment of the immediate vicinities of a church auditorium in Ado-Ekiti southwestern Nigeria. The Spontaneous Potential (SP) and Electrical Resistivity (ER) methods of geophysical prospecting were adopted for the assessment. Using a Total Field array spacing of 2 m and Dipole-dipole array spacing of 5 m respectively, SP and ER measurements were taken along three geophysical traverses. SP data were plotted as profiles of SP against distance and were filtered using the 3 periods moving average algorithm of Microsoft Excel®. Resistivity data were processed with the aid of the Dipro for Windows version 4.0 software which migrated raw field data into 2-D subsurface images. The SP profiles were interpreted semi-quantitatively by visual inspection to identify typical anomalies and their locations while ER data were interpreted quantitatively by identifying and estimating the dimensions of anomalies. Potential troughs which are typical streaming potential anomalies arising from mobile fluids within subsurface capillaries were observed on the SP profiles. Anomalously low (< 10 ohm-m) resistivity zones which are indicative of oversaturation of clay substratum cum subsurface incompetence were identified on the 2-D Electrical Resistivity Images (ERI). Synthesis of the SP profiles and 2-D images showed appreciable semblance in the interpretation of the results of both methods. It was further discovered that the identified anomalous zones delineated by the two methods were coincident on the locations of the two rear corner cracks and the rising damp, flaked plaster and blistered paint on the walls of the building. The depth to competent bedrock was found to be at about 10 m. The evidences of distress on the auditorium were suspected to be attributable to unsatisfactory/unsuitable subsurface conditions.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121741717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical and Histopathological Effects of Exposure to Diesel Fumes on Vital Organs of Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)","authors":"H. Okoh, I.M. Odoh, J. Ahmed, Tolulope Adewemimo, A. O. Nwana, Olalekan A. Akano","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1034","url":null,"abstract":"Diesel is a volatile petrochemical product and exposure to diesel fumes may be harmful to normal body physiology by increasing serum lipid peroxidation, creatine, and PCV levels. In this study, the effect of diesel fumes inhalation on Wistar rats was assessed. Twenty Wistar rats were clustered into 4 groups (A, B, C, and D) each containing 5 rats after acclimatisation for 2 weeks. Groups B, C, and D were exposed to diesel fumes for 1, 3, and 6 hours per day, five times a week for 8 weeks respectively, while rats in group A served as unexposed control. At the end of the experiment, blood was collected from rats in each group and haematological and biochemical parameters were analyzed using automated hematological and chemical analyzers respectively. Histopathological analyses of the kidney, liver, and lungs were done following tissue sectioning and staining. There was a significant increase (P< 0.05) in the packed cell volume and leucocytes of rats exposed to diesel fumes as compared to the control. Exposure to diesel fumes also caused elevated levels of the liver and kidney biomarkers. Histopathological studies showed diffuse tubular degeneration and congestion of the renal cortex; mild portal congestion and periportal connective tissues in the liver and mild congestion at the pulmonary interstitium in the lungs. The results from this study highlights the negative effects of exposure to diesel fumes and the need for safer alternatives like solar energy for power generation.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114597593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air Pollution Forecasting using Fuzzy Time Series Models for Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"A. Folaponmile, samuel F. Kolawole, Samuel N. John","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.968","url":null,"abstract":"Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) is able to eliminate the problem of overfitting that is fundamental to Artificial Neural Network (ANN), hence this study used air pollution data acquired from three different sampling stations in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria, to implement FTS using the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The fuzzy inference system (FIS) was generated by the ANFIS model using grid partitioning and subtractive clustering optimization types with backpropagation and hybrid training algorithms. The models were implemented using MATLAB 2018b software, and a total of thirteen models were developed. The resulting models were used to forecast the daily mean for the next ten days for each sampling station and for each pollutant. Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Particulate matter, (PM2.5 and PM10) air pollutants were considered. Determination of the accuracies of the developed models in forecasting the next ten days was achieved using the error performance metrics of Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The results of the performance metrics from the models in the same category are correlated and indicated similar trends. Comparison and analysis of the models revealed the one with the most accurate prediction for each sampling station and pollutant.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121582584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Predictive Models for Estimating Female Students’ Dimensions Essential for Classroom Furniture Production","authors":"Samuel Oladapo, O. Akanbi","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1007","url":null,"abstract":"Creating anthropometric databases require considerable resources like workforce, equipment and funds and thus, the design of classroom furniture (CF) is typically not based on anthropometric principles. This study addresses this challenge by developing models for predicting several female students’ dimensions essential for optimal CF production in secondary schools. An aggregate of 240 students participated in the study and brute-force search technique implemented in ANFIS was employed to select the two most influential of the five input measurements. Regression analyses were employed in modelling the anthropometric data obtained. Out of the 18 developed models, 8 were quadratic while 5 each exhibited two factors interactions [  and linear relationships [ . Adjusted R2 values obtained ranged from 0.902-0.999, 0.876-0.997, 0.881-0.999, 0.993-0.998, 0.950-0.999 and 0.983-0.995 for KH (Knee Height), EH, P, SHH (Shoulder Height), PBL and HW (Hip Width) respectively. The ANOVA results show that the models satisfactorily predicted the needed dimensions for optimal production of CF.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129795128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Sustainable Automated Hand Washing System with an Installed Water Recycling Device","authors":"K. Bello, Thomas. O Ayeye, Bukola Olalekan Bolaji, Cordelia O. Omoyi","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1016","url":null,"abstract":"— Hand washing has become a new normal in our society to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and other viruses. As a result of the need to comply with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on hand washing to reduce the risk of infection transmission, an automated hand washing system with an installed water recycling device was developed. The integration of recycling water ensures effective energy resource management and reduces environmental pollution. The conceptual architectural design of the automated hand washing machine was established using AutoCAD software and the Arduino microcontroller panel. The operation of the hand washing systems consists of assembling relevant sensors to automate the liquid soap, water, hand dryer and sanitiser dispenser. A filtration reactor was used to convert the wastewater to clean water. The clean water is then pumped to the overhead tank by a submersible pump inside the lower tank for reuse. The water treatment was achieved by adding 5g of aqueous  and  into 1000g of used water. The water samples were then analysed in the laboratory to ascertain their purity, and results were obtained. The purification of the recycled water ranges from 82% to 83%, and the salvage volume of the recovered clean water is 80%. The microcontroller was successful in coordinating the various activities of the automated system. The automatic washing machine will reduce water waste, eliminate environmental pollution and curb disease transmission. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114749540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Alkyd Resins from Black Sesame (Sesamum radiatum) Seed Oil","authors":"G. Awolola, Peace U. Francis, T. E. Odetoye","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1012","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of vegetable oils as renewable feedstocks is gaining more grounds in the polymer industry as replacement for petroleum-based feedstocks due to environmental challenge. There is a dire need to meet the recent increased demand for vegetable oil feedstock for oil-based alkyd resins production. Hence, black sesame (Sesamum radiatum) oil, a non-conventional raw material was investigated for alkyds production. The oil was extracted, characterized and refined. Medium-oil alkyds, alkyd-x and alkyd-y, with 48% and 52% oil contents respectively, were synthesized via two-stage alcoholys is-poly esterification process with glycerol and phthalic anhydride. Oil yield, density, specific gravity, viscosity; iodine, acid and saponification values were 28.2%, 0.934 g/ml, 0917, 0.045 poise, 106.6 gI2/100g oil, 0.73 mgKOH/g and 188 mgKOH/g of oil respectively. Densities, specific gravities, viscosities, and acid values of alkyd-x and alkyd-y were obtained as 0.886g/ml and 0.933 g/ml, 0.869 and 0.915, 60.4 m.Pa.s and 65.5 m.Pa.s, 14.55 mg KOH and 11.93 mg KOH respectively.  Successful polyesterification was confirmed on FTIR spectra. Pencil hardness test indicated highest hardness at 5H for alkyd-x while gloss retention was 60.2%.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122113609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Technique for End-Effector Force Estimation in Parallelogram Arm Robot using Link-Integrated Load Cells","authors":"K. Ayodele, Isaac Omolayo, Elisha A Komolafe, A. M. Jubril, Paul Obreba, A. Ogunmodede, Emmanuel Olateju, Oluwaseun K. Ajayi, M. Olaogun, M. Komolafe","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1035","url":null,"abstract":"In end effector rehabilitation robots, user effort is usually measured using highly accurate, but expensive, multi-axis force/torque (F/T) sensors. These sensors are not easily available in developing countries. An alternative force sensing method, making use of low-cost load cells mounted on the active links, is presented. In this study, a model of a robot using the proposed sensing technique was developed, with the placement of the load cells justified using kinematic and dynamic analyses. The relationship between the force applied at the end effector, and force experienced by the load cells was determined. Preliminary experimental validation of the ability to estimate end effector force from the link-integrated load cells was carried out using finite element analysis in SolidWorks. Initial evaluation of tracking accuracy resulted in an average root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.566. The application of compensators generated from polynomial regressors resulted in over 300% improvement in performance, resulting in an average RMSE of 0.053. The results show that proposed technique can be used to accurately estimate forces at the end effector at relatively low costs.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115260601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Sign Language E-Tutor using Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"O. Adanigbo, Temitayo O. Oyewole","doi":"10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v8i2.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Deaf and hearing-impaired people typically use sign language as their primary form of communication. This study designed a Convolutional Neural Network-based Sign Language e-tutor which removes language barriers between people who are deaf and use sign language and people who can hear and speak. Thus giving deaf people a way to communicate with hearing people in real time, with no need to write notes or use a human sign language interpreter. The method used is comprised of four major phases: data collection, data preprocessing, model training and model evaluation. The Model Precision, Accuracy, Recall and f1 score were 0.977, 0.985, 0.99, and 0.99 respectively.","PeriodicalId":323504,"journal":{"name":"FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127551529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}