Plant Health Cases最新文献

{"title":"Multi-Modelling Approach to Support Decision Making in Crop Protection","authors":"G. Fedele, I. Salotti, T. Caffi, V. Rossi","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2024.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2024.0004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 A more sustainable control of plant diseases is needed for the development of less intensive farming systems with reduced inputs of chemicals, including pesticides, and reduced use of natural resources. Integrated pest management (IPM) is currently the most effective method for sustainable disease control. IPM has higher complexity than conventional disease management and involves decision making at strategic, tactic, and operational levels, which is often challenging for farmers. Mathematical models are simplified representations of a crop system, which provide dynamic information about the crop status and can support decision making. In an IPM approach, plant disease models must be complemented with other models, such as models for crop growth and development, and models for fungicide dynamics. This case study describes the integration of mathematical models for plant disease, crop development, and plant protection products in a multi-modelling approach able to support multiple decision making in IPM. Downy mildew (\u0000 Plasmopara viticola)\u0000 of grapevines (\u0000 Vitis\u0000 ) is used as a successful story of multiple model combinations through a web-based decision support system.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 © The Author 2024\u0000","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139800677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Modelling Approach to Support Decision Making in Crop Protection","authors":"G. Fedele, I. Salotti, T. Caffi, V. Rossi","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2024.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2024.0004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 A more sustainable control of plant diseases is needed for the development of less intensive farming systems with reduced inputs of chemicals, including pesticides, and reduced use of natural resources. Integrated pest management (IPM) is currently the most effective method for sustainable disease control. IPM has higher complexity than conventional disease management and involves decision making at strategic, tactic, and operational levels, which is often challenging for farmers. Mathematical models are simplified representations of a crop system, which provide dynamic information about the crop status and can support decision making. In an IPM approach, plant disease models must be complemented with other models, such as models for crop growth and development, and models for fungicide dynamics. This case study describes the integration of mathematical models for plant disease, crop development, and plant protection products in a multi-modelling approach able to support multiple decision making in IPM. Downy mildew (\u0000 Plasmopara viticola)\u0000 of grapevines (\u0000 Vitis\u0000 ) is used as a successful story of multiple model combinations through a web-based decision support system.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 © The Author 2024\u0000","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"392 4-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139860419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Herbicide-Resistant Common Lambsquarters,\u0000 Chenopodium album\u0000 , in Atlantic Canada","authors":"A. McKenzie‐Gopsill","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2024.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2024.0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Common lambsquarters (\u0000 Chenopodium album\u0000 ) is one of the most troublesome annual broadleaf weeds in potato production in Atlantic Canada. Historically controlled by a combination of cultivation and herbicides, potato producers now often rely on a single herbicide application to provide season long control of common lambsquarters. The reliance on a few herbicides for common lambsquarters control has led to widespread incidence of herbicide resistance in this species, negatively impacting potato yield. This case study explores common lambsquarters’ biology, development of herbicide resistance, and the evolving management practices including chemical, cultural, and mechanical to help mitigate its impact on potato productivity.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 © The Author 2024\u0000","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"34 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139443026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for Sustainable Management of the Tomato Leafminer ( Tuta absoluta ) in Africa","authors":"I. Rwomushana, Tim Beale, G. Chipabika, Roger Day, Pablo Gonzalez-Moreno, J. Lamontagne-Godwin, F. Makale, Corin Pratt, J. Tambo","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"115 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Uptake of Biopesticides for Desert Locust Control","authors":"Belinda Luke","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"115 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cassava Brown Streak Disease in Zambia: An Integrated Approach to Managing an Invasive Viral Disease of a Clonal Crop","authors":"Chapwa Kasoma","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"4 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of <i>Phytopythium vexans</i> on Plant Health: Hosts, Symptoms, Detection, and Management","authors":"Fulya Baysal-Gurel, Bhawana Ghimire","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Phytopythium vexans is an emerging phytopathogenic oomycete reported to be causing diseases in plants from multiple genera and families. It is a soil and water-inhabiting oomycete with sexual and asexual life cycles present in the environment. Sexual stages produce oospores whereas asexual stages produce zoospores. This pathogen has been reported to be infecting crops in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania, and South America. Mainly root and crown regions of numerous perennial woody plants, herbaceous and weedy annual cereal crops, forest plants, ornamental plants, and fruit trees are reported to be infected. Certain names for the symptoms of pathogen infections associated with the host have been used such as replant disease, decline, and sadness syndrome. Young plants that are vegetatively propagated if infected die off in severe cases whereas in the case of older plants, the roots and crown regions are mainly affected by this pathogen. Infections typically display symptoms of brown necrosis in the roots and stem, with a soft, watery rotting mass inside in case of heavily infected samples. Upon gentle pulling, the outer bark sloughs off, revealing the extent of the damage. It also causes damping-off of seedlings. The pathogen moves within water and hence has the potential to induce chains of disease outbreaks in nurseries and greenhouses. A saturated soil for longer periods of time favors tissue colonization and disease progress since the water-loving infectious zoospores of this pathogen can swim to distances that directly favor the pathogen. Higher nitrogen content in the soil, reduced availability of oxygen in the soil, and decreased ability of the plant to grow at lower temperatures created by water stagnation are additional epidemiological factors that favor the disease development. An integrated approach, which includes early detection of the pathogen using culture-based assay/molecular approaches, use of preventive and curative fungicides/biofungicides, and cultural practices, is recommended for the management of Phytopythium . Use of cover crops, soil solarization, crop rotation with non-hosts, and biofumigation to suppress or kill the pathogen are recommended. Testing of irrigation water for the presence of pathogens and treatment using a combination of different measures such as filtration plus UV, ozone, and heat is also recommended. Information © The Authors 2023","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"11 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134957455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease Risks from Plant Waste Management in the UK and Their Mitigation","authors":"M. Elliot, S. Green, A. Litterick, A. Yeomans","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0016","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely recognised by plant pathologists and epidemiologists that heaps of plant waste in parks, gardens and plant nurseries can provide a means of pathogen aggregation, which can become a source of disease to the wider site and surrounding natural environment. However, the risks of this activity and the management mitigations required, are not clear to practitioners who may have a number of competing priorities.Information© The Authors 2023","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Gene Editing for the Benefit of Plant Health","authors":"M. Elliot, I.K. Toth","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135193551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potato Cyst Nematodes in Scotland and Their Impact from Farm to Fork","authors":"James A. Price, Jon Pickup, Matthew A. Back","doi":"10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/planthealthcases.2023.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are parasitic roundworms that cause unsustainable global crop loss in Solanaceous species. In Scotland, these pathogens threaten seed potato production which is both a key export for the country and the backbone of the UK potato industry. PCN are routinely controlled by host resistance genes which have been discovered for the main species of PCN in the UK. However, when market preferences request genotypes without resistance, PCN populations can thrive. Other promising control strategies exist but are not always applied in Scotland due to differing climate and agronomic practices. There are numerous implications for PCN presence in potato-growing land both during cultivation and within crop rotations. For example, if PCN are detected in statutory field testing, seed potatoes cannot be grown in that land, this results in reduced seed availability and increased grower costs if PCN-free land must be rented. Ultimately these increased grower costs will result in failure for businesses or will be distributed to the consumer through the supply chain. This case study aims to dissect the issues surrounding control of PCN in Scotland, highlighting the impact PCN have on the production line, from planting to consuming potatoes and potato products. Information © The Authors 2023","PeriodicalId":323431,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Cases","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}