XXI Century. Technosphere Safety最新文献

{"title":"The role of statistical indicators in the study of public health","authors":"I. V. Volchatova","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-3-198-205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-3-198-205","url":null,"abstract":"Public health depends on the ecological state and socio-economic development of the territory, the age and gender structures of the population, the health status, natural, climatic and other factors. Absolute and relative statistical indicators are used to describe public health. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relative statistical indicators of public health of the population of Irkutsk region for the last years. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2011-2021 were used as an information base for calculations. In the “precrisis” period, the mortality rate of the population in Irkutsk region was about 13.5%, which is slightly higher than the all-Russian indicator, but within the average level on the scale of the World Health Organization. The spread of COVID-19 increased the total mortality in 2021 to 17.7%. An increase in the mortality rate was 22.9% compared to 2010. The analysis of extensive indicators showed that in the structure of mortality of the population by the main classes of causes, the circulatory system diseases rank first, neoplasms rank second, and external causes rank third. During the pandemic, with the existing practice classifying the mortality causes the structure of mortality may be incorrect. Until the situation with COVID-19 becomes stable, it is advisable to focus both on relative and absolute indicators when studying demographic processes.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130970485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current opportunities of ecological construction","authors":"N. Dorofeeva, M. Kozlova","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-3-206-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-3-206-211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"83 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120979912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of occupational risks For Vodokanal sewer treatment facilities workers (Irkutsk)","authors":"T. Molchanova","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-158-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-158-167","url":null,"abstract":"The labor protection is based on two principles - preventing emergencies or accidents (including microtraumas or microdamage) and minimizing harm to the worker’s health. These principles are implemented through the occupational risk assessment procedure. With a competent approach and a methodology for calculating occupational risks, this procedure becomes a powerful tool in ensuring the safety of workers. The study assessed the occupational risk for Vodokanal treatment facilities workers (Irkutsk) using and comparing the results of different approaches: questionnaires, scoring, the software package \"Labor Protection\". According to the calculations and the results obtained, it was concluded that each of the methods allows for assessing occupational risks and developing measures to reduce them. These methods for assessing professional risks can be used by enterprises taking into account the number of staff units, the nature of activities and the complexity of operations performed. ","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127293767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of the fire risk value in transporting and storing petroleum products at a tank depot","authors":"D. Rozhkov, D. V. Sedov, A. L. Belyak","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-168-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-168-178","url":null,"abstract":"The goal is to determine the individual fire risk at the stages of transportation and storage of petroleum products on the example of a typical oil depot in Irkutsk region and to develop measures aimed to reduce the likelihood of leakage of petroleum products and limit the impact of fire and explosion hazards. The research objects are probabilities of adverse fire-related events (the block diagram method was used) and individual fire risks (the regulatory methods were used). Using the event tree method and taking into account the standards requirements, the probability of accident development scenarios was calculated. Consequences of fire-related emergencies were predicted. The calculated distributions of individual fire-related risks at oil products storage facilities made it possible to identify areas of maximum danger for the personnel. The dangers when unloading railway tanks, storing petroleum products in tanks RVS-2000 and filling automobile tanks were investigated. The parameters of negative events were calculated following possible emergency scenarios for the personnel. The distribution of damage probabilities caused by dangerous fire and explosion-related factors at the production site for the most probable emergency scenarios than can develop at railway tanks on a railway overpass, a group of tanks RVS-2000 and automobile tanks was studied. The fire risk value was calculated at each point of the tank farm. Measures aimed to reduce the risk to the personnel in hazardous areas were suggested.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127893612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Safe City\" hardware and software complex and its security monitoring system in Irkutsk region","authors":"L. Belykh, N. Y. Poley","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-117-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-117-130","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of public and environmental danger to the population in Russian cities and an increase in the number of natural and man-made emergencies require the development of automated information monitoring systems as an important component of safety insurance. The purpose of the study is to describe the \"Safe City\" hardware and software complex and its monitoring system used for ensuring public safety in Irkutsk region. Current problems and statistics on emergency situations of natural and man-made origin in Irkutsk region are analyzed. The relevance of the use of modern safety monitoring and warning systems has been proved. Federal and regional regulatory documents, action plans for the implementation of the \"Safe City\" agribusiness system in Irkutsk region are considered. The stages of infrastructure development and program implementation results are analyzed. The results of the technical support of a system for monitoring public safety and the state of the urban and natural territories of the region are described. Recommendations aimed to solve the existing problems of implementing the \"Safe City\" agribusiness system in Irkutsk region are provided.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114776241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life-cycle assessment for municipal waste management systems","authors":"V. Starostina, T. H. Christensen","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-142-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-142-150","url":null,"abstract":"One of the important tasks of the environmental policy of the Russian Federation is to implement an integrated regional waste management system through the active involvement of production and consumption waste in the economic turnover, the use of environmentally sound recycling methods, the solution of environmental problems related to waste management and resource conservation. Environmental assessment of the existing municipal waste management system is carried out by analyzing the environmental impact and alternative waste management scenarios in order to develop an integrated waste management system for Irkutsk region. Modelling of production and consumption waste flows and their potential impact on the environment was performed. The method of material flow analysis using STAN software was used to estimate the fractional composition of waste. The method of life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to determine the environmental indicators, using the EASETECH software package, which allows for creating various scenarios of environmental impacts, comparing them and choosing the most optimal and environmentally safe one. The modelling of alternative future waste management scenarios for Irkutsk Region showed that all alternatives can improve the current waste management system, which primarily involves landfilling in an uncontrolled landfill without environmental measures. Construction of a new landfill with gas disposal and leachate treatment is a significant improvement, and recycling of secondary raw materials can reduce the environmental pressure. From an environmental point of view, the current waste disposal system is not efficient. Uncontrolled landfill is the main impact on global warming. Although a new landfill could significantly reduce this impact, it is worth reconsidering the waste management systems paying more attention to recycling rather than to landfilling.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"112 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113940618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape fires in the Irkutsk region: environmental impact","authors":"S. Timofeeva, V. Garmyshev","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-179-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-179-188","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the problem of pollution of the air basin by landscape fires in the municipalities of the Baikal region. The factorological basis of the study was the taxational characteristics of natural plantings and statistical data on the consequences of landscape fires for 2014-2020. The taxation values of natural territories and consequences of landscape fires were used to formulate a methodological approach to the type and mass of burnt plant materials. The consequences of landscape fires were determined, and calculations were performed; qualitative and quantitative values of burned materials were obtained for the municipalities under study. Taking into account the specific indicators of emissions of pollutants during the burning of stands, forest combustible materials, mass values of burned forest materials, and gross emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere were determined.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130431490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of labor conditions for medical workers during the pandemic","authors":"G. Bodienkova, V. A. Dyrenov","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-151-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-151-157","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes the labor conditions for medical workers (using the example of a medical institution in Irkutsk) during the COVID-19 pandemic which increased the workload on medical personnel and the number of contacts with infected patients. An extremely high work load, a round-the-clock work regime with mandatory duty calls intensified the body activity of medical workers. Professional overstrain caused neurosis in doctors, diseases of the heart and blood vessels, and dysfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract. Constant neuro-emotional stress was caused by a high level of responsibility for own results. For full-fledged work, medical workers need positive motives, vivid emotions, and rest which are difficult to combine, especially during the pandemic. Such working conditions contribute to the development of the burnout syndrome and anxiety disorders. The measured aimed to create less harmful working conditions are described.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131060773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of soil pollution oil products of industrial and landscape-recreational zones of the city of Usolye-Sibirskoe using the fluorimetry method","authors":"M. Maksimova","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-131-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-131-141","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to compare soil pollution with oil products on the territory of industrial and landscape-recreational zones of the city of Usolye-Sibirskoye using the fluorometry method. The content of oil products in the samples of the four upper layers of soils taken from the production area of the chemically contaminated city of Usolye-Sibirskoye and from its landscape and recreational zone was determined. Although the maximum permissible concentration of oil products in the soils of these zones has not been established, it is known that the mass fraction of oil products in uncontaminated soils should not exceed 0.1%. The obtained results of fluorimetric analysis of soils from two practically diametrically opposite areas of the city in terms of pollution made us think and conduct a deeper analysis, taking into account the wind rose of the city and adjacent territories and the sufficiency of the fluorimetry method performed using the Fluorat-0.2 luminescent photometric analyzer. Using the results of the analysis of soil samples from the territories of \"Usolekhim-prom\" and \"Ski base\" in Usolye-Sibirskoye, it was revealed that the mass fractions of oil products exceed the indicators for all four upper soil layers in the case of focusing on the principles of rationing, which today are not legally established. The results of the study showed that the highest content of oil products in both cases is in the layer of forest litter. Based on the fact that the activities of Usolekhimprom have been completely stopped since 2017, and pollution with oil products exceeding the approximate standard values was found only in the uppermost layer of the soil, it was suggested that the main cause of soil pollution with oil products in the territory of the city of Usolye - Sibirskoye is, basically, the current largest enterprise in Eastern Siberia for the production of petroleum products and petrochemistry - JSC Angarsk Petrochemical Company, and this is annually confirmed by statistics.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124822189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling of waste of coal enrichment and inter-shale clay used for producing ceramic bricks","authors":"V. Abdrakhimov","doi":"10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-106-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2022-2-106-116","url":null,"abstract":"The research purpose is to produce ceramic bricks using intershale clay as a clay binder and coal preparation waste as a lean and burnable additive without the use of traditional raw materials. According to the environmental monitoring of segments of the fuel and energy industry, including the adjacent territories, the level of environmental pollution was high even in specially protected areas. Efficient disposal of largetonnage fuel and energy waste is one of the urgent environmental problems. The industry that produces ceramic materials for the construction industry has unlimited possibilities for using large-tonnage waste. Since natural raw materials are depleted, the production of ceramic bricks requires the use of waste coal and intershale clay. The costs of geological exploration, construction and operation of quarries are excluded, signifi cant land plots are freed from the impact of negative technogenic factors. The use of interslate clay and coal preparation waste in the production of ceramic bricks makes it possible to obtain products with thermal conductivity and density, less than 0.250 W/(m ºС) and less than 1300 kg/m3, respectively. The use of largetonnage waste from the fuel and energy industry contributes to the environmental protection and expansion of the raw material base of building materials.","PeriodicalId":322608,"journal":{"name":"XXI Century. Technosphere Safety","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129331808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}