Konversi最新文献_第3页

BIODIESEL FROM PALM OIL WITH INTERESTERIFICATION PROCESS USING BIO-CATALYST CAJUPUT OIL 用生物催化剂枣油酯化棕榈油制备生物柴油

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.13982

E. Daryono, R. K. Dewi

{"title":"BIODIESEL FROM PALM OIL WITH INTERESTERIFICATION PROCESS USING BIO-CATALYST CAJUPUT OIL","authors":"E. Daryono, R. K. Dewi","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i2.13982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i2.13982","url":null,"abstract":"Proses interesterifikasi yang telah dilakukan menggunakan katalis homogen maupun heterogen yang perlu proses pemisahan di akhir reaksi. Minyak atsiri merupakan alternatif pilihan katalis yang lebih efisien sebab tidak perlu proses pemisahan di akhir reaksi karena berfungsi sebagai antioksidan untuk biodiesel dan lebih ramah lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan proses pembuatan biodiesel yang lebih efektif dan efisien yaitu dengan tahapan proses yang lebih sedikit sehingga akan mengurangi biaya produksi. Pada penelitian ini reaksi interesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan metil asetat untuk menghasilkan metil ester dan triasetin, dilakukan dengan bio-katalis minyak kayu putih. Kondisi operasi penelitian adalah massa minyak kelapa sawit 250 gram, rasio molar minyak kelapa sawit:metil asetat adalah 1:6, suhu reaksi 60oC, kecepatan pengadukan 300 rpm, massa katalis 0,75% massa minyak kelapa sawit dan waktu reaksi (15, 30, 45, 60, dan 75 menit). Minyak kelapa sawit, metil asetat dan katalis direaksikan dalam labu leher tiga sebagai reaktor sesuai dengan kondisi operasi penelitian. Setelah waktu reaksi tercapai, sample sebanyak 50 gram diambil untuk dilakukan proses pemisahan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan kondisi terbaik proses interesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan bio-katalis minyak kayu putih pada waktu reaksi 75 menit dengan crude yield 65,88% dan angka asam 0,426 mg KOH/gr sampel yang memenuhi SNI 7182:2015.","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78642568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ABSORBER DESIGN SIMULATION FOR CO2 USING K2CO3 ABSORBENT WITH ASPEN HYSYS V.10 SOFTWARE 利用k2co3吸收剂和aspen hysys v.10软件模拟co2吸收剂设计

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.14134

C. Chotimah, Naja Nikmah Syafitri, K. Udyani

{"title":"ABSORBER DESIGN SIMULATION FOR CO2 USING K2CO3 ABSORBENT WITH ASPEN HYSYS V.10 SOFTWARE","authors":"C. Chotimah, Naja Nikmah Syafitri, K. Udyani","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i2.14134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i2.14134","url":null,"abstract":"An absorber is a tool used in the absorption process to separate a certain gas component from a gas mixture using a chemical solution as an absorbent. This simulation aimed to determine the effects of the packing type and column diameter on flooding, the packing type and column diameter on pressure drop, and the gas flow rate on CO2 removal. It also investigated the best absorber design based on %flooding and pressure drop. This simulation was carried out using the Aspen Hysys software version V.10. The variables of packing type consisted of PALL, berl, and raschig. The simulation results indicated that the larger the column diameter for each type of packing, the smaller the %flooding value. Meanwhile, the limit value of the %flooding for each type of packing given by Aspen Hysys was 30%– 80%. Further simulation results showed that the larger the column diameter in each type of packing, the smaller the pressure drop value. The pressure drop limit value given by Aspen Hysys was 3,658 mbar. In addition, the next simulation results demonstrated that the greater the value of the given gas flow rate, the greater the % CO2 removal value. Thus, the effective absorber design viewed from the %flooding and pressure drop was a 0.5-inch berl dimension with ceramic material. Keywords: absorber, type of packing, flooding, pressure drop, CO2 removai","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80136245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MINIMIZING IDLE CAPACITY AND EFFICIENCY COST BY MODIFYING FEEDING AND FINISHING PF-I TO PRODUCE NPK 通过修改进料和整理pf-i来生产NPK，最大限度地减少闲置产能和效率成本

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.14020

Dea Indiastuti Ramadany, M. Billah, Kevin Esmunaldo, S. Sani

{"title":"MINIMIZING IDLE CAPACITY AND EFFICIENCY COST BY MODIFYING FEEDING AND FINISHING PF-I TO PRODUCE NPK","authors":"Dea Indiastuti Ramadany, M. Billah, Kevin Esmunaldo, S. Sani","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i2.14020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i2.14020","url":null,"abstract":"With the policy of revoking the SP-36 fertilizer subsidy in 2022, an alternative is needed to minimize idle capacity and cost efficiency caused by stopping operations at the Phosphate I Fertilizer Unit. Based on national fertilizer stock data for NPK 15-10-12 fertilizer, there is a gap between the actual stock nationally and the minimum stock. The low actual stock nationally can lead to a scarcity of NPK fertilizer which can affect national food security. So as an alternative solution to solving the problem, the Phosphate I Fertilizer Factory is utilized to be able to produce NPK fertilizer. This problem is solved by using the PDCA Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Action) method. Based on the data and facts in the field, it is known that the existing equipment condition of the Phosphate I Fertilizer Unit has not been able to produce NPK fertilizer. The results of the project found the best solution to the problem of equipment conditions at the Phosphate Fertilizer Unit I by modifying the feeding system facility which was originally manual to weigher based by installing 3 hoppers, dozometers, BC mixing, and DAP crusher in the Curing 250 Warehouse, then installing coating facilities and coloring NPK fertilizer on the existing cooler in the Phosphate I Fertilizer Unit, making key operating parameters, and conducting an On Job Training scheme for the Phosphate I Fertilizer Unit personnel at the NPK II/III/IV Plant. So with this modification, the Phosphate Fertilizer Factory I is expected to be able to produce NPK fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76109479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SYNTHESIS OF NATURAL GELATIN-BASED HARD CAPSULE SHELL FROM CASSAVA STARCH AND HIBISCUS LEAVES GEL 以木薯淀粉和芙蓉叶凝胶为原料合成天然明胶基硬胶囊壳

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.14258

P. Mardina, Usman Usman, Muhammad Apriliawan Yoga Anggara

引用次数: 0

MASS BALANCE APPROACH AT PALM CARBON CYCLE 棕榈碳循环的质量平衡方法

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.13340

A. Kahar

{"title":"MASS BALANCE APPROACH AT PALM CARBON CYCLE","authors":"A. Kahar","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i2.13340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i2.13340","url":null,"abstract":"Development of Indonesian palm oil industry, not only contributes positively to economic sector. Biggest challenge lies in the negative issues of oil palm development, namely environmental issues. Land use change, forest clearing, deforestation, peat land for palm plantation expansion are environmental issues because they are considered to disturb the balance of greenhouse gases. The use of non-standard fertilizers and POME processing can also increase CO2 emissions, which in turn will reduce carbon storage in vegetation and soil. Soil is the most potent organic carbon sink compared to plants. Soil is an organic carbon pool (reservoir) that accumulates organic carbon in and organic carbon out. The accumulated carbon is influenced by aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, necromass, litter and soil organic matter. So that the development of oil palm is accused of being one of the factors that play a role in soil organic carbon (SOC), soil carbon loss (SCL), net carbon balance (NCB), or greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions. Where this is a very important component in the palm carbon cycle that has an impact on the global climate. The mass balance approach to the palm carbon cycle obeys the law of conservation of mass. The mass of palm carbon before and after processing is constant. This means that the total mass of palm carbon during the process does not change, only a phase change occurs, namely solid, liquid, and gas.","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79644366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IRON ADSORPTION IN PEAT WATER BY SAGO WASTE ACTIVATED CARBON 西米废活性炭吸附泥炭水中的铁

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.13752

A. S. Harivram, I. Syauqiah, M. Elma, E. L. Rampun, Dina Amryna Chairul Putri, Namira Ghina Safitri

{"title":"IRON ADSORPTION IN PEAT WATER BY SAGO WASTE ACTIVATED CARBON","authors":"A. S. Harivram, I. Syauqiah, M. Elma, E. L. Rampun, Dina Amryna Chairul Putri, Namira Ghina Safitri","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i2.13752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i2.13752","url":null,"abstract":"In South Kalimantan, peat water is the main water sources for local people. But peat water has high iron content. It cannot be consumed directly and need further treatment. Adsorption is the most common technology to treat peat water. The goal of this research is to study sago waste adsorbent for iron removal in peat water. Citric acid was employed as activating agent in the sago waste activated carbon adsorbent fabrication. Carbonization process was done at 300 ℃ with 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 minutes of time variation. After treatment using the adsorbent, iron content was tested via Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). While, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) were carried out to investigate the functional groups of sago pith waste activated carbon (SPWAC) and sago pith waste unactivated carbon (SPWUC). The experiment results show iron could be removed until 82% with iron concentration of 0.05 mg/l at 80 minutes. SPWAC and SPWUC have functional groups such as alkenes (C-H and C=C), carbonyl (C=O and C-O) and hydroxyl (O-H). Fe concentrations are still meet water quality standard according to No. 492/Menkes/PER/IV/2010 which is 0.3 mg/L. Therefore, adsorption uses sago pith waste activated carbon is an effective and inexpensive water treatment.","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88822179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DAILY DATA VISUALIZATION OF PLANT III PT PETROKIMIA GRESIK VIA DASHBOARD UP DATE 通过仪表板更新植物iii pt petrokimia gresik的每日数据可视化

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.14018

Devita Salsa Gunawan, Erwan Adi Saputra, Faris Harditya Purnama, Sani Sani

{"title":"DAILY DATA VISUALIZATION OF PLANT III PT PETROKIMIA GRESIK VIA DASHBOARD UP DATE","authors":"Devita Salsa Gunawan, Erwan Adi Saputra, Faris Harditya Purnama, Sani Sani","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i2.14018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i2.14018","url":null,"abstract":"Dashboard is a visual display, numbers and metrics containing all the data that aims to provide information and help users to make the right and fast decisions based on existing data. From here, the idea of a project Up To Date Dashboard \"BODATE\" came about. A dashboard designed with the concept of Less Input, More Output. The dashboard will continue to be updated and changed every day based on production data and existing field realizations. This dashboard includes an observation of the performance of achieving the production targets of each unit, realization, stock of raws materials and products as well as consumption of raw materials for each unit. The result of this \"BODATE\" Up To Date Dashboard is that it overcomes the difficulty of finding relationships between data, and the set of daily report numbers that are constantly changing every day just by turning it into a unique but still efficient data visualization display in terms of time. The purpose of this \"BODATE\" Up To Date Dashboard is to create fast and efficient data visualization in order to overcome problems that exist in the Department of Production Planning and Energy Management (PPPE) and can be implemented, especially in the Work Unit of Planning and Control (Rendal) Production Plant III PT Petrokimia Gresik.","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84150270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DESIGN OF COMMUNAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT (CASE STUDY IN DEPOK VILLAGE, TRENGGALEK, EAST JAVA) 公共污水处理厂的设计(以东爪哇省丁加莱克市depok村为例)

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.13903

Ratih Arum Sari, Arqowi Pribadi, Dyah Ratri Nurmaningsih, Sulistiya Nengse, Yustrianti Yustrianti

{"title":"DESIGN OF COMMUNAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT (CASE STUDY IN DEPOK VILLAGE, TRENGGALEK, EAST JAVA)","authors":"Ratih Arum Sari, Arqowi Pribadi, Dyah Ratri Nurmaningsih, Sulistiya Nengse, Yustrianti Yustrianti","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i2.13903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i2.13903","url":null,"abstract":"Planning for a communal scale Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Depok Village, Trenggalek Regency, East Java is needed because most of the wastewater in Depok Village is only treated with septic tanks. This study aims to plan a communal scale WWTP design based on the generation of domestic and non-domestic wastewater in Depok Village. The WWTP planning in this study was carried out based on the results of laboratory test parameters for pH, TSS, BOD, COD, total coliform, fatty oil, and ammonia. Based on the test results, it is known that the parameters exceed the required limits according to the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 68 of 2016 is the parameter of TSS, ammonia, and total coliform. The units that are planned are barscreen unit is planned to have a length of 8.65 m, a width of 2.65 m, and a depth of 3 m. The initial settling basin is planned to have a length of 11 m, a width of 3 m, and a depth of 4 m. The anaerobic biofilter unit is planned to have a length of 15 m, a width of 7.5 m, and a depth of 2.5 m. The aerobic biofilter unit is planned to have a length of 16.5 m, a width of 8.5 m, and a depth of 2 m. The final settling basin is planned to have a length of 37 m, a width of 18.5 m and a depth of 2.5 m. The control body is planned to have a length of 9.5 m, a width of 5 m and a depth of 2 m. Meanwhile, disinfection is planned using a disinfectant pump.","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74796566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CHARACTERISTICS OF EDIBLE FILM (LAYER BY LAYER) FROM CARRAGEENAN-CHITOSAN WITH THE ADDITION OF BELIMBING WULUH LEAF EXTRACT AS ANTIOXIDANT SUBSTANCE 添加槟榔叶提取物作为抗氧化剂的卡拉胶-壳聚糖可食性膜的特性

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i1.13081

Rahmah Isnaeni, Anisa Fitri, D. Nurandini, Arif Tirtana, Muhmmad Zeva Prayitno

{"title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF EDIBLE FILM (LAYER BY LAYER) FROM CARRAGEENAN-CHITOSAN WITH THE ADDITION OF BELIMBING WULUH LEAF EXTRACT AS ANTIOXIDANT SUBSTANCE","authors":"Rahmah Isnaeni, Anisa Fitri, D. Nurandini, Arif Tirtana, Muhmmad Zeva Prayitno","doi":"10.20527/k.v11i1.13081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v11i1.13081","url":null,"abstract":"Packaging use from synthetic materials can have a negative impact for environment. One of the steps to reduce this impact with edible film packaging uses. Film can be defined as a thin layer of material, that usually composed by a polymer that allows for mechanical strengthening of a structured stand. The quality that continues to be improved from the edible film is antioxidant activity, namely by adding antioxidant substances such as flavonoids and phenols from starfruit leaf extract. As well as improving its mechanical quality by adding shrimp shell chitosan and using the layer by layer method. The purpose of this research is to find out characteristics of edible film from carrageenan-chitosan layer by layer and find the best results from the addition of different concentrations of chitosan and Belimbing Wuluh leaf extract. The variation that will be carried out is the addition of Belimbing Wuluh leaf extract by 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% and chitosan by 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%. The results showed that the best formula of edible film was made from 2.5% chitosan concentration and 0.6% Belimbing Wuluh leaf extract. The results of test are the thickness test is 0.21 mm, the tensile strength is 2.87 MPa, the elongation at break is 13.6673%, the water vapor permeability is 2.1682 g/m2h and the antioxidant value in terms of fruit weight loss is 4.01%. ","PeriodicalId":32236,"journal":{"name":"Konversi","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86285385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE EFFECT OF LONG CARBONIZATION TIME ON QUALITY OF CHINESE WATER CHESTNUT ACTIVATED CHARCOAL AS A PEAT WATER BIOFILTER 长时间炭化对荸荠活性炭作为泥炭水生物滤池品质的影响

Konversi Pub Date : 2022-04-02 DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i1.11527

Noor Khamidah, Muhammad Imam Nugraha, Norinayati Norinayati

引用次数: 0