Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica最新文献

{"title":"Salud urbana, confort térmico y acústico en espacios públicos exteriores, en el marco de las ciudades amigables con los mayores = Urban health, thermal and acoustic comfort in outdoor public spaces, in the framework of age-friendly cities","authors":"María Teresa Baquero Larriva","doi":"10.20868/ciur.2021.135.4598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ciur.2021.135.4598","url":null,"abstract":"ResumenEste artículo presenta el marco teórico sobre algunos de los problemas de las ciudades del siglo XXI como son el cambio climático, la urbanización y el envejecimiento de la población, con el fin de establecer los antecedentes que guían la investigación del confort térmico y acústico de las personas mayores en espacios públicos de la ciudad. Para ello, se analizan las políticas internacionales, los conceptos de urbanismo y todas sus vertientes contemporáneas que han surgido como producto de la adaptación de las ciudades a los fenómenos demográficos y climáticos, así como su influencia en la salud de la población. Adicionalmente se conceptualiza el fenómeno del envejecimiento de la población, la realidad mundial, regional y local de España en cuanto a este proceso demográfico y las políticas públicas que se han planteado como medida de adaptación en las ciudades. Finalmente, se explican los conceptos sobre confort térmico y acústico, identificando el estado de la cuestión y las principales variables que influyen, mediante un resumen de la revisión bibliográfica sistemática, sobre la percepción de confort térmico y acústico de adultos mayores y sus diferencias con otros grupos de edad.AbstractThis article presents the theoretical framework of some of the problems of 21st century cities, such as climate change, urbanisation and population ageing, in order to establish the background that guides research into the thermal and acoustic comfort of older people in public spaces in the city. To this end, international policies, urban planning concepts and all their contemporary aspects that have arisen as a result of the adaptation of cities to demographic and climatic phenomena, as well as their influence on the health of the population, are analysed. In addition, it conceptualises the phenomenon of population ageing, the global, regional and local reality of Spain in terms of this demographic process and the public policies that have been put forward as a measure of adaptation in cities. Finally, the concepts of thermal and acoustic comfort are explained, identifying the state of the art and the main variables that influence, through a summary of the systematic literature review, the perception of thermal and acoustic comfort of older adults and their differences with other age groups.","PeriodicalId":32221,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La actuación sobre el medio urbano de regeneración y renovación integrada. El nuevo paradigma de la gestión urbanística en suelo urbanizado = The integrated regeneration and renovation in the urban intervention. The new paradigm of city planning management","authors":"Álvaro Cerezo Ibarrondo","doi":"10.20868/ciur.2020.130.4446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ciur.2020.130.4446","url":null,"abstract":"ResumenLa actuación sobre el medio urbano de regeneración y renovación integrada (aMU-RRi) configura el nuevo paradigma de la intervención urbana, la preservación urbana con carácter conjunto e integrado. Para ello redefine la viabilidad económica, afecta el deber de conservación del derecho de propiedad a la actuación y articula un modelo de equidistribución de reparto de costes que supera las pautas del urbanismo que hemos conocido.El presente artículo constituye un breve recorrido histórico por los instrumentos y técnicas que ha dispuesto el urbanismo español para la preservación urbana: desde inviable e insostenible modelo clásico del urbanismo, pasando por el modelo de la sostenibilidad que incorporó la sostenibilidad plena y el régimen estatutario del derecho de propiedad, pero que estableció un régimen general de intervención sobre el suelo urbanizado inviable y dejó un hueco falto de regulación para la preservación de la ciudad; para alcanzar la definición de la aMU-RRi con la legislación del modelo por la ciudad y sus adaptaciones autonómicas de medio urbano y que ayudará a la formación del nuevo paradigma urbanístico, basado en la función social del derecho de propiedad que nos hemos dado para la preservación urbana conjunta e integrada de eso que llamamos, la ciudad.AbstractThe integrated urban regeneration and renewal intervention (aMU-RRi) configures the new paradigm of urban intervention, with its joint and integrated character for urban preservation. To this end, it redefines the economic viability, affects the duty of preservation of the right of property and articulates a model of equistribution of distribution of costs that surpasses the urban planning guidelines that we have known.This paper constitutes a brief historical journey through the instruments and techniques that Spanish urban planning has provided for urban preservation: from an unviable and unsustainable classic urban planning model, through the sustainability model that it incorporated full sustainability and the statutory property rights regime, but that established an unviable general intervention regime in the existing city areas and also left a gap due to the lack of regulation for the preservation of the city; and finally up to the definition of the aMU-RRi with city preserving legislation and its regional adaptations and that will help the formation of the new urban paradigm, based on the social function of property rights that we have been given for the joint and integrated urban preservation of what we call, the city.","PeriodicalId":32221,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41314706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cidade e água: relações entre tipologias de ocupação urbana e recarga de aquíferos = City and Water: relations between urban occupation typologies and aquifer recharge","authors":"Ana Paula Albuquerque Campos Costalonga Seraphim, Maria do Carmo de Lima Bezerra","doi":"10.20868/ciur.2019.126.4369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ciur.2019.126.4369","url":null,"abstract":"A alteração do regime hidrológico é inerente ao processo de urbanização. Destaca-se nessa relação, como desafio imposto ao planejamento urbano, as áreas de recarga dos aquíferos devido sua sobreposição com as áreas urbanizadas e o papel estratégico desses nos cenários de escassez hídrica. Entretanto, não é corrente o uso de técnicas e normas urbanísticas voltadas para a menor perturbação ou manutenção da infiltração natural nas cidades. No sentido de contribuir para essa discussão, a pesquisa visa ordenar diferentes aspectos relacionados à forma urbana e à infiltração contribuindo para um referencial metodológico, que torne mais operacional o discurso das cidades sensíveis à água, reduzindo as incertezas e as complexidades de sua implementação. Como base teórica, revisitaram-se os conceitos e estabeleceram-se as conexões entre as características do meio físico, que são determinantes para definir áreas a serem urbanizadas, e a identificação de áreas de recarga de aquíferos, seguido de uma revisão das associações entre: (i) os fatores que levam à perda de infiltração natural; (ii) as diretrizes de urbanização sensível a água; e (iii) os elementos configuracionais da forma urbana. Com esses resultados, um quadro referencial é estruturado para auxiliar a ligação entre a forma urbana e o impacto hidrológico, e para analisar as tipologias de ocupação urbana e seus impactos sobre infiltração natural em uma unidade hidrográfica no Distrito Federal de Brasília, Brasil.Abstract:The alteration of the hydrological regime is inherent of the urbanization process. In this relationship, as a challenge imposed on urban planning, the areas of aquifer recharge stand out due to their overlap with urbanized areas and their strategic role in water scarcity scenarios. However, the use of urban planning techniques and norms aimed at less disturbance or maintenance of natural infiltration in cities is not common. In order to contribute to this discussion, the research aims to organize different aspects related to urban form and infiltration, contributing to a methodological framework, which makes the discourse of cities sensitive to water more operational, reducing the uncertainties and complexities of its implementation. As a theoretical basis, the concepts were revisited and connections were established between the characteristics of the physical environment, which are decisive for defining areas to be urbanized, and the identification of aquifer recharge areas, followed by a review of the associations between: (i) the factors that lead to the loss of natural infiltration; (ii) the water-sensitive urbanization guidelines; and (iii) the configurational elements of the urban form. With these results, a reference framework is structured to help the connection between the urban form and the hydrological impact, and to analyze the types of urban occupation and their impacts on natural infiltration in a hydrographic unit in the Federal District of Brasília, Brazil.Resumen:Ca","PeriodicalId":32221,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41553658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aportaciones para la definición de una metodología para la investigación cualitativa en el urbanismo = Contributions for the definition of a methodology for qualitative research in urban planning","authors":"Marta Donadei","doi":"10.20868/CIUR.2019.125.4313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/CIUR.2019.125.4313","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo se propone como una herramienta útil para formular y planificar una investigación de tipo cualitativo en el ámbito de la investigación urbanística. No se trata de un catálogo completo y exhaustivo de métodos y herramientas sino más bien de un posible modo de aproximarse a una forma de investigar que no es propia de la disciplina de la arquitectura y del urbanismo y que ha requerido una inmersión por parte de la autora en otros campos disciplinares, y sobre todo en la sociología.Tres son las partes en la que se estructura este trabajo: la primera parte está dedicada a justificar la necesidad de integrar metodologías cualitativas en el ámbito del urbanismo; en la segunda parte se presentan de manera general los diferentes enfoques procedentes de las ciencias sociales y se identifican las técnicas y métodos principales para desarrollar una investigación cualitativa desde nuestro ámbito disciplinar; por último, en la tercera parte se expone una experiencia concreta en la cual fue necesario recurrir a este tipo de metodología investigativa para poder entender ciertas dinámicas generadas en el Proyecto de Investigación-Acción Participativa “Barrios en Transición” llevado a cabo en un barrio de Sevilla.Abstract:This article is proposed as an useful tool to formulate and plan a qualitative research on the urban research sphere. It is not meant to be a complete and exhaustive catalog of methods and tools, but a possible approach to a way of researching which is not characteristic in architecture and urban planning and that has required the author to go deep into other disciplinary fields, mainly into sociology.The work is structured in three different parts: the first one is focused on justifying the need of integrating qualitative methodologies in the urban planning sphere; in the second part the author presents in a general way the diferent approaches that come from social sciences, and identifies the main techniques and methods to develop a qualitative research from her disciplinary sphere; lastly, the third part shows a specific experience in which it was necessary to resort to this kind of research methodology in order to be able to understand certain dynamics generated during the Participatory Action Research project “Barrios en Transición” that took place in a district of Seville.","PeriodicalId":32221,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46817383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agroecología y alianzas urbano-rurales frente a la desposesión [I/II]. I. Retos, ausencias y excesos de la planificación espacial = Agroecology and urban-rural alliances against dispossession [I/II]. I. Spatial planning challenges, absences and excesses","authors":"Marian Simón Rojo (editora), Inés Morales Bernardos (editora), Jon Sanz Landaluze (editor)","doi":"10.20868/CIUR.2019.123.3896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/CIUR.2019.123.3896","url":null,"abstract":"Este CIUR incluye cuatro aportaciones: En la primera Marian Simón y Jon Sanz plantean cómo para los movimientos por la soberanía alimentaria, sería estratégico incidir en los mecanismos de ordenación y planificación espacial, desde los que forzar la reorganización del sistema de producción y consumo. En esa línea, Luis Alberto Bermejo y Fátima Cubas explican los conflictos derivados de los planes de espacios protegidos, que restringen usos tradicionales, las dificultades del pastoreo en zonas fragmentadas por la expansión urbana en La Orotava (Tenerife) y la experiencia de la mediación institucional para nuevos planes de ordenación. Desde otra perspectiva y mirando a las luchas alimentarias en las periferias urbanas en Lisboa (Portugal) Inés Morales reflexiona sobre las contradicciones de los planes de urbanización y las estrategias de los movimientos alimentarios y la contribución de ambos a los actuales procesos de 'desposesión planificada' y gentrificación. Por último, Marta Sánchez presenta las estrategias de las comunidades campesinas de El Chaco (Argentina). La ordenación y uso del territorio en la región chaqueña están subordinados a los intereses geopolíticos y económicos sobre el territorio, como consecuencia de la matriz extractiva de desarrollo dominante.Abstract:Four contributions make up this CIUR Journal: In the first one Marian Simon and Jon Sanz explain that for those social movements engaged in food sovereignty, it is strategic to influence spatial planning instruments, as it would leverage the reorganization of the production and the consumption in the food system. Luis Alberto Bermejo and Fátima Cubas explain the conflicts generated by wilderness protection plans, which restrict traditional uses. The difficulties for grazing in those areas fragmented by the urban expansion in La Orotava (Tenerife) has been dealt with the institutional mediation for new management plans. From another perspective and looking at food struggles in urban peripheries in Lisbon (Portugal) Inés Morales reflects on the contradictions of urbanization plans and the strategies of food movements and the contribution of both to the current processes of 'planned dispossession' and gentrification. Finally, Marta Sánchez presents the strategies of the peasant communities of El Chaco (Argentina). Land use and planning in the Chaco region are subordinated to geopolitical and economic interests, as a consequence of the extractive matrix of the  dominant model of development. ","PeriodicalId":32221,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45079666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planeamiento urbanístico y cambio climático: la infraestructura verde como estrategia de adaptación = Urban planning and climate change: green infrastructure as an adaptation strategy","authors":"F. J. García Sánchez","doi":"10.20868/CIUR.2019.122.3870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/CIUR.2019.122.3870","url":null,"abstract":"La integración de la adaptación al cambio climático en la planificación de los usos del suelo, así como la evaluación de este proceso, se han situado de forma preferente en las políticas urbanas y en los ámbitos de gestión de las ciudades. La tesis doctoral en la que se apoya este documento aporta herramientas que permiten incorporar con éxito las estrategias de adaptación a los procesos de planificación urbanística. Entre las herramientas detectadas, la infraestructura verde juega un papel crucial en la definición de estrategias de adaptación al cambio climático. A partir de la investigación realizada se ha propuesto un marco de indicadores y parámetros de referencia para la evaluación de la capacidad adaptativa en la planificación urbanística. La aplicación a dos casos de estudio en EE. UU. (Red Hook, Brooklyn, Nueva York) y España (Zorrotzaurre, Bilbao) ha permitido validar e implementar su utilidad como instrumentos para la planificación, así como para su seguimiento y evaluación.Abstract:The integration of adaptation to climate change into land use planning, and the monitoring and evaluation mechanisms of this process, have been preferentially placed in urban policies and city management. This research work provides tools that enable successful incorporation of adaptation strategies into urban planning processes. Among the tools identified, green infrastructure plays a key role in defining strategies for adapting cities to climate change. Based on the research carried out, an indicator framework and benchmarks for adaptive capacity assessment have been proposed. The application on two case-studies in The United States (Red Hook, Brooklyn, NY) and Spain (Zorrotzaurre, Bilbao) has enabled the tools’ validation and implementation as instruments for planning, as well as for monitoring and evaluation of their adaptive capacity.","PeriodicalId":32221,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67732761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Condiciones de la edificación de vivienda aislada en Suelo No Urbanizable = Conditions of building detached houses in rural land","authors":"Eduardo De Santiago Rodríguez, Isabel González García","doi":"10.20868/ciur.2018.120.3827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20868/ciur.2018.120.3827","url":null,"abstract":"Este trabajo, desarrollo parcial de una reflexión más amplia sobre la problemática del urbanismo en el medio rural, se centra en la edificación de viviendas en Suelo No Urbanizable (SNU), en los municipios que carecen de una figura de planeamiento capaz de abordar este problema. Por ello, se han seleccionado las 5 CCAA (Aragón, Castilla La Mancha, Castilla León, Extremadura y La Rioja) donde esta cuestión es más relevante, en las cuales se revisa toda la normativa estatal y autonómica vigente, así como las correspondientes 19 Normas Subsidiarias Provinciales (NSP).En una triple articulación de escalas concatenadas (normativa estatal, autonómica, y NSP) se analizan los siguientes aspectos: el carácter del SNU y las medidas para evitar su urbanización mediante la prevención de las parcelaciones urbanísticas y las normas sobre segregación de fincas rústicas; las condiciones y el procedimiento de autorización de la vivienda unifamiliar aislada; y el concepto de núcleo de población a efectos evitar su formación. Este análisis se completa también con la revisión de las condiciones y parámetros de regulación de la edificación y la parcelación para viviendas aisladas en SNU.A la luz de todo ello, se concluye con una reflexión crítica sobre el concepto de núcleo de población y su relación con la autorización de viviendas en SNU.Abstract: This research, partial development of a more wide reflection on the problematics of urbanism in rural areas, focuses on the construction of detached housing in land classified as non-suitable for urban development (SNU), in municipalities that lack urban plans capable of addressing this problem. For this reason, the have been selected the 5 Autonomous Communities (Aragón, Castilla La Mancha, Castilla León, Extremadura and La Rioja), where this issue is more relevant, in which it is reviewed all state, regional and provincial (NSP) regulations in force.In a triple articulation of concatenated scales (state, regions, and provinces’ regulations), the following aspects are analysed: the character of the land classified as non-suitable for urban development, the measures to avoid its urbanization and the rules on segregation of rural properties; the conditions and the authorization procedure of detached single houses; and the concept of “new population nucleus” in order to avoid its creation. This analysis is also completed with the review of the building regulations and the conditions for the subdivision of rural plots.In light of all this, we conclude with a critical reflection on the concept of population nucleus in relation to the authorization of single detached houses in rural plots.","PeriodicalId":32221,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Investigacion Urbanistica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67732752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}