Construction Research Congress 2020最新文献

Cyclical Construction Workforce Shortage: An Evaluation of the Current Shortage in Western North Carolina 周期性建筑劳动力短缺:对北卡罗来纳州西部当前短缺的评估

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482872.070

A. Al-Bayati, Mohammadsoroush Tafazzoli, D. York, T. Umar

{"title":"Cyclical Construction Workforce Shortage: An Evaluation of the Current Shortage in Western North Carolina","authors":"A. Al-Bayati, Mohammadsoroush Tafazzoli, D. York, T. Umar","doi":"10.1061/9780784482872.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482872.070","url":null,"abstract":"The inadequate supply of skilled construction craft workers is an issue that currently affects the performance of the construction industry. The performance of the construction industry has a significant influence on the growth of the national economy as well as citizens’ wellbeing. The challenges associated with the construction industry’s skilled worker shortage are cyclical. The cyclical nature is a result of the fact that the demand for construction in the U.S. depends on the performance of the overall U.S. economy. The current study evaluates the nature of the current shortage in the western region of North Carolina. Accordingly, the study examines the data collected by the Mountain Area Workforce Development Board, employing a survey that targeted construction firms. The authors have analyzed 46 completed surveys that were collected during the fall of 2018. Among other findings, the study reveals that the demand for laborers and licensed journeymen is higher than other construction positions such as supervisors and estimators. Also, the study shows that entry-level positions such as laborers have higher employee turnover rates compared to more experienced positions. The research could help develop a certified career pathway that provides short-term training and work-based learning opportunities for the raw construction workforce.","PeriodicalId":322194,"journal":{"name":"Construction Research Congress 2020","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122416345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Tag-Based Indoor Localization of UAVs in Construction Environments: Opportunities and Challenges in Practice 建筑环境中基于标签的无人机室内定位:实践中的机遇与挑战

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482865.025

Navid Kayhani, B. McCabe, Ahmed Abdelaal, Adam Heins, Angela P. Schoellig

{"title":"Tag-Based Indoor Localization of UAVs in Construction Environments: Opportunities and Challenges in Practice","authors":"Navid Kayhani, B. McCabe, Ahmed Abdelaal, Adam Heins, Angela P. Schoellig","doi":"10.1061/9780784482865.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482865.025","url":null,"abstract":", ABSTRACT Automated visual inspection and progress monitoring of construction projects using different robotic platforms have recently attracted scholars’ attention. Unmanned/Unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAVs), however, are more and more being used for this purpose because of their maneuverability and perspective capabilities. Although a multi-sensor autonomous UAV can enhance the collection of informative data in constantly-evolving construction environments, autonomous flight and navigation of UAVs are challenging in indoor environments where the Global Positioning System (GPS) might be denied or unreliable. In such continually changing environments, the limited external infrastructure and the existence of unknown obstacles are two key challenges that need to be addressed. On the other hand, construction indoor environments are not fully unknown, as a progressively updating building information model (BIM) provides valuable prior knowledge about the GPS-denied environment. This fact can potentially create unique opportunities to facilitate the indoor navigation process in construction projects. The authors have previously shown the potentials of AprilTag fiducial markers for localization of a camera-equipped UAV in various controlled experimental setups in the laboratory. In this paper, we investigate the opportunities and challenges of using tag-based localization techniques in real-world construction environments.","PeriodicalId":322194,"journal":{"name":"Construction Research Congress 2020","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131937944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Empirical Assessment of Household Susceptibility to Hazards-Induced Prolonged Power Outages 家庭对灾害引起的长期停电易感性的实证评估

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482858.100

Amir Esmalian, Shangjia Dong, A. Mostafavi

{"title":"Empirical Assessment of Household Susceptibility to Hazards-Induced Prolonged Power Outages","authors":"Amir Esmalian, Shangjia Dong, A. Mostafavi","doi":"10.1061/9780784482858.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482858.100","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to empirically assess household susceptibility to the power disruptions during disasters. In this study, a service gap model is utilized to characterize household susceptibility to infrastructure service disruptions. The empirical household survey data collected from Harris County, Texas, in the aftermath of Hurricane Harvey was employed in developing an appropriate empirical model to specify the significance of various factors influencing household susceptibility. Various factors influencing households’ susceptibility were implemented in developing the models. The step-wise algorithm was used to choose the best subset of variables, and availability of substitutes, previous hazards experience, level of need, access to reliable information, race, service expectations, social capital, and residence duration were selected to be included in the models. Among three classes of models, accelerated failure time (AFT)-loglogistic model yielded the best model fitness for estimating households’ susceptibility to disaster-induced power disruption. The model showed that having a substitute, households’ need for the service, race, and access to reliable information are the most significant factors influencing household susceptibility to the power disruptions. Understanding households’ susceptibility to infrastructure service disruptions provides useful insights for prioritizing infrastructure resilience improvements in order to reduce societal impacts.","PeriodicalId":322194,"journal":{"name":"Construction Research Congress 2020","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134513243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Implementation of Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) Principles in Construction: A Case Study 面向制造和装配的设计(DfMA)原则在建筑中的实施:一个案例研究

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482889.096

T. Tan, Weisheng Lu, Chengqian Li, Ke Chen, Gangyi Tan

引用次数: 1

Building Footprint and Height Information Extraction from Airborne LiDAR and Aerial Imagery 基于机载激光雷达和航空图像的建筑足迹和高度信息提取

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482865.035

Su Zhang, Fei Han, S. Bogus

引用次数: 7

Improving for Construction Safety Design: Ontology Model of a Knowledge System for the Prevention of Falls 建筑安全设计的改进:预防跌倒知识系统的本体模型

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482872.050

Hyunsoung Park, R. Liu

引用次数: 3

Case Study of Efficiency Improvements Using Matrix Methods of Production Management in Building Construction 建筑施工中使用矩阵生产管理方法提高效率的案例研究

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482889.064

A. Tiezzi, D. Lott, Wayne J. Lott, William J. O'brien, J. Borcherding

引用次数: 0

Measurements and Verification (M&V) Guidelines for Weatherization Plus Health Program 测量和验证(M&V)指南的天气加健康计划

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482889.100

Carolina Recart, A. Kim, C. Dossick

引用次数: 0

Automatic Verification of Facilities Management Handover Building Information Models 设施管理交接楼宇信息模型的自动验证

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482865.052

Marjan Sadeghi, Jonathan W. Elliott, M. Mehany

{"title":"Automatic Verification of Facilities Management Handover Building Information Models","authors":"Marjan Sadeghi, Jonathan W. Elliott, M. Mehany","doi":"10.1061/9780784482865.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482865.052","url":null,"abstract":"Although Building Information Models (BIM) are increasingly recognized as a compelling tool for project delivery, the challenges of seamless model validation and the transition of BIM data to FM remains unresolved. BIM data interoperability issues, lack of a clear understanding of owner’s Exchange Requirements (ERs), inconsistent syntax in developing discipline-specific models, and software limitations contribute to the difficulty of using Architecture, Engineering, and Construction-purposed BIMs for FM handover. This research explores a case-based example of implementing computational BIM for automatic verification of an FM-handover BIM at project close out. The relationships between, and properties of, model objects used to capture the required geometric and non-geometric information for the owner’s FM handover needs is specified in accordance with the applicable IFC entities. The syntax of the model is formalized in conjunction with the buildingSMART Data Dictionary (bsDD) schema. Dynamo is used as a visual programming platform to work with the Autodesk Revit Application Programming Interface (API) to extend its parametric capabilities to verify the BIM data in compliance with the specified requirements. The results of the automated verification procedure highlight completeness, uniqueness, correctness, usefulness, and unambiguity of BIM data as critical quality dimensions for the purpose of project delivery.","PeriodicalId":322194,"journal":{"name":"Construction Research Congress 2020","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125832165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Determination of Construction Site Elevations Using Drone Technology 利用无人机技术确定建筑工地标高

Construction Research Congress 2020 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1061/9780784482865.032

Yuhan Jiang, Yong Bai

{"title":"Determination of Construction Site Elevations Using Drone Technology","authors":"Yuhan Jiang, Yong Bai","doi":"10.1061/9780784482865.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482865.032","url":null,"abstract":"Image-based 3D-reconstruction techniques, such as drone photogrammetry, have been adopted to various construction operations. The challenge is determining the construction site elevation, which is the vertical distance from the ground to the camera, in real-time. This paper presents the research results of using two frame drone-based ortho-images to estimate the elevation of a construction site. This idea is derived from the stereo vision model for measuring distance of indoor scenes. The spatial resolution of the stereo vision is a positive correlation with its baseline, the distance between two cameras. However, a large baseline stereo cameras system is impossible for a drone to carry. Therefore, a modified stereo vision method is proposed to use a drone’s camera to capture low and high ortho-image pairs, which enlarges the baseline, and makes the spatial resolution adjustable for every single construction site. For determining the elevation of each pixel in the image pair, the researchers conducted drone flight planning, image pairs capturing, image transforming, image pixel matching, elevation recovering and modeling. A field experiment was performed for evaluating the accuracy of the proposed method. The success of this research will advance the efficiency of construction operations that heavily depend on elevation information such as the excavation operations and facility layout.","PeriodicalId":322194,"journal":{"name":"Construction Research Congress 2020","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127396201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10