Studia Celtica Posnaniensia最新文献

{"title":"Evans-Jones, Gareth. 2022. “Mae’r Beibl o’n tu”: Ymatebion crefyddol y Cymry yn America i gaethwasiaeth (1838-1868). Cardiff: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru. [“The Bible’s on our side”: religious responses of Welsh people in America to slavery (1838-1868)]","authors":"Richard Cleaves","doi":"10.14746/scp.2023.8.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/scp.2023.8.4","url":null,"abstract":"Evans-Jones, Gareth. 2022. “Mae’r Beibl o’n tu”: Ymatebion crefyddol y Cymry yn America i gaethwasiaeth (1838-1868). Cardiff: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru. [“The Bible’s on our side”: religious responses of Welsh people in America to slavery (1838-1868)]","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"167 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language and religion in Tudor Cornwall: the testimony of Sacrament an Alter","authors":"Anthony Harvey","doi":"10.14746/scp.2023.8.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/scp.2023.8.3","url":null,"abstract":"This article is centred around a detailed review of D.H. Frost’s new (2023) critical edition and  translation of the Cornish and Latin text Sacrament an Alter, in both its theological/historical and  its philological/linguistic aspects. First, Dr Frost’s exposition of his text’s remarkable background  is placed against the constantly changing character of official Tudor ideology, and the  ecclesiological lens through which he views his material discussed. Points from his linguistic  analysis (including revivalist reconstructions) are then examined and, prompted by Frost’s portrayal  of the state of Cornish-language literacy in the last quarter of the sixteenth century, similarities are  adduced with the known situation of near-contemporary Manx Gaelic. Traditional Cornish went  into ultimately terminal decline, but Manx went on to receive both the Prayer Book and the Bible  in translation; Cornwall’s disadvantage in not constituting a diocese in its own right is suggested as  a significant factor in the contrasting fates of the two small Celtic languages in question. Finally, attention is drawn to the potentially striking efficacy of small networks of dedicated scholars, whatever their time and place.","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"27 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manx Speakers, Language, and Identity","authors":"Erin Mcnulty","doi":"10.14746/scp.2023.8.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/scp.2023.8.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Manx, the Goidelic language of the Isle of Man, has no extant traditional native speakers. However, thanks to the efforts of language activists and others involved in language revival, there exists a community of around 2200 people who claim competence in the language (Isle of Man Government 2021), of which a smaller portion will have advanced competence in Manx. All members of the Manx speaker community could be described as ‘new speakers’, having acquired this revitalized minority language primarily through means other than first language transmission in the home (O’Rourke, Pujolar, and Ramallo 2015: 1). The members of the Manx new speaker community, despite many having acquired “a socially and communicatively consequential level of competence” (Jaffe 2015: 25) in the traditional language of the Isle of Man, vary in terms of their national, ethnic, and linguistic backgrounds. Postmodern approaches to sociolinguistics challenge the assumption of a straightforward link between identity, especially national identity, and linguistic practice. The complexity of the relationship between language and identity is especially evident in cases of multilingual minority language communities – such as the extant Celtic-speaking communities. The present paper explores the relationship between identity and language use among Manx new speakers. It discusses the following specific question: How do new speakers of Manx understand and identify with ‘Manxness’? The paper uses a corpus of sociolinguistic interview and ethnographic observation data gathered from fieldwork among the Manx new speaker community as part of the author’s PhD thesis. The researcher, a Manx new speaker herself, spent six months gathering data, both through traditional sociolinguistic methods, such as interviews and questionnaires, and through ethnographic methods, namely participant observation in various contexts. The analysis of this novel spoken corpus offers a much-needed view into identity and language use in a 21st-century Celtic language community that lacks extant native speakers.","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"326 ","pages":"1 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: Sylfeini Cyfieithu Testun: Cyflwyniad i Gyfieithu Proffesiynol by Ben Screen, Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru 2021, 266 pp","authors":"Marta Listewnik","doi":"10.14746/scp.2022.7.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/scp.2022.7.3","url":null,"abstract":"REVIEW:Sylfeini Cyfieithu Testun: Cyflwyniad i Gyfieithu Proffesiynol by Ben Screen, Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru 2021, 266 pp.Review by MARTA LISTEWNIK, PhD, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"7 1","pages":"43 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49105506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neo-Celtic Verbal Complex and Earlier Accentual Patterns","authors":"J. Koch","doi":"10.16922/sc.56.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16922/sc.56.2","url":null,"abstract":"Celtic inherited from Indo-European a system in which the first word of the sentence was invariably accented and was often followed by an unaccented word. In the evolution towards Gaelic and Brythonic, it became most common for that first word to be either a verb or a preverb. The beginning\u0000 of the sentence thus became even more clearly defined because, also as an inheritance from Indo-European, verbs and preverbs were unaccented in other positions. Between Proto-Indo-European and the earliest attested Gaelic and Brythonic, the accent moved. As a result, the phonetic effects of\u0000 the earlier accent became morphophonemic: phonologically stronger forms of verbs and preverbs occur in sentence-initial position in Old Irish and early Brythonic. Information about the shape and function of the clause, formerly conveyed by the accent, came to be conveyed by these morphophonemic\u0000 contrasts. If the inherited primary/secondary system marking tense still survived then, this new absolute/conjunct opposition clashed with it and displaced it.","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87446667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Traditions in the Isle of Man","authors":"G. Broderick","doi":"10.16922/sc.56.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16922/sc.56.4","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks briefly at the significance of the triskele and swastika as sun-symbols in general and their long association with Insular Celtic traditions, and with the Isle of Man in particular, as well as the association of the triskele and other traditions with Manannán\u0000 mac Lir (Manannan Beg mac y Leirr in Man) and with Tynwald, the Manx parliament, in Manx tradition over time.","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75293779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welsh Language Fanfiction in Light of Welsh Cultural and National Identity and Language Revitalisation","authors":"Nikola Zduńczyk, Marta Rogulska, Daniel Sokulski","doi":"10.14746/scp.2022.7.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/scp.2022.7.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While the field of fan studies is constantly growing, it has been scarcely researched in relation to minority languages and language revitalisation. In this paper we have undertaken to explore the small and previously unexplored realm of Welsh-language fanfiction, focusing on the motivations to read and write it. The aim was to explore the possible role of fanfiction in language revitalisation by investigating a relationship between these motivations and the cultural and national identity of the authors and readers, as well as their attitude towards the Welsh language. The article presents the results of a study conducted in 2022 through the use of online surveys on a sample of readers of Welsh-language fanfiction found on the Tumblr platform, and semi-structured interviews with authors of fanfiction posted on Archive of Our Own. The study revealed that the decision to participate in the fandom was strongly connected to the cultural, and in particular linguistic identity of authors and readers, and to a much lesser extent to their national identity. Two out of three major motivations emerging from the study: a wish to broaden the use of language online and the wish to learn it can be connected with language revitalization. Engagement with fanfiction was perceived as an accessible form of leisure available in Welsh and as a safe space for both learners and native speakers to creatively use the language without fear of criticism, which suggests the importance and possible use of fandom in language revitalisation. However, the study also points to some difficulties in developing a fan community around Welsh fanfiction, mostly due to technical limitations and the small amount of popular media created originally in Welsh.","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"7 1","pages":"19 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48339159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Bhí,’ Arsa Mise, ‘Agus Tá Go Fóill’: Fiannaíocht in the Writings of the Mac Grianna Family","authors":"Duane Long","doi":"10.14746/scp.2022.7.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/scp.2022.7.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Clann Mhic Grianna (the Greene family) are a famous family of writers, poets, storytellers, composers, and performers of traditional songs from Rann na Feirste in northwest Donegal. Coming from a long and accomplished line of storytellers on both sides of their family, Clann Mhic Grianna is taken, in this paper, and in general, as the children of Feidhlimidh Mac Grianna and Máire Eibhlín Néilín Ní Dhomhnaill (who had their family in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries). The most famous of this set of siblings are arguably Séamus and Seosamh. Their works are widely studied and discussed to this day. Saturated in Gaelic culture, their works draw from a well of language and heritage and they frequently refer to history, pseudohistory, myth, and legends. Among that discussed are traditions around saints and references to the mythological cycles of Ireland. This paper looks at how various members of the family used the tales and poetry of one such cycle, Fiannaíocht (translated as Fenian, Ossianic, or Finn-Cycle tales), in their novels, short stories, and autobiographies. They also spoke about the folklore of their area on various occasions and some tales have been recorded by Roinn Bhéaloidis Éireann. Some of this material was later published, Amhráin Hiúdaí Fheilímí agus Laoithe Fianaíochta as Rann na Feirste (Ó Baoighill 2001) for one example. The multi-faceted nature of their legacy results in several Ossianic tales being discussed in different genres by various combinations of the siblings and these varied viewpoints allow us to raise and discuss a number of questions regarding Fiannaíocht. This paper compares sources from a number of these siblings and question what their works tell us about when and why people told Fiannaíocht tales.","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"7 1","pages":"1 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48298354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welsh Princes in an Anglo-Norman World: A Historicist Reading of the Third Branch of the Mabinogi","authors":"Samuel Cardwell","doi":"10.16922/sc.56.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16922/sc.56.3","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the internal historical evidence of the Third Branch of the Mabinogi. Through a close examination of the historical detail of Manawydan's sojourn as a craftsman in the cities of England, it becomes evident that the Third Branch reflects aristocratic social and\u0000 economic anxieties in the decades following the Norman invasion of Wales. In light of an as-yet-unrecognized connection between the Third Branch and the twelfth-century royal biography Vita Griffini Filii Conani, this article suggests an early twelfth-century date for the former text.\u0000 The Third Branch of the Mabinogi is generally seen as the 'simplest' – and arguably the most cohesive – of the Four Branches. It revolves around a single principal character in Manawydan fab Llŷr, who is never out of the frame throughout the tale. Its plot develops in a relatively\u0000 linear fashion, moving steadily towards a 'happy and harmonious end'. The plot of the Third Branch may be summarized in terms of a three-part structure, as recognized by Glyn E. Jones: i. 'Manawydan fab Llŷr marries Rhiannon, Pryderi's mother' [and becomes the ruler of the\u0000 kingdom of Dyfed]. ii. 'Enchantment falls on Dyfed [leaving it entirely without people apart from Manawydan, Rhiannon, Pryderi and his wife Cigfa] and Manawydan and Pryderi spend a period in England. On their return to Dyfed, Pryderi and Rhiannon become entrapped in a magic fortress\u0000 which vanishes'. iii. 'Manawydan succeeds in lifting the enchantment and freeing Pryderi and Rhiannon'. So far, so simple. Of course, the joy of the Third Branch is in the details: the stark image of Dyfed completely devoid of human and animal life; the psychological\u0000 dimension of four characters having to deal with the emotional and practical consequences of this magical apocalypse; and the rather comic denouement, in which Manawydan stubbornly but cunningly negotiates with the villain of the piece (the sorcerer Llwyd fab Cil Coed) while holding the villain's\u0000 wife hostage in the form of a mouse. Some of the most interesting details in the Third Branch come during Manawydan's period of poverty – during this time he and Pryderi (and later Cigfa), with their workforce suddenly having been taken away, are forced to make a living for themselves,\u0000 first as hunters and scavengers in what is left of their home, then as craftsmen in the cities of Lloegyr, and finally as subsistence farmers back in Dyfed. 5 With these details we are torn from the mythic, heroic, otherworldly setting of much of the Four Branches and cast into the\u0000 mundane realities of daily life. The Third Branch lends itself to a historicist reading, which reads these mundanities in the context of the early twelfth century, a time when Anglo-Norman culture and society was steadily encroaching on Welsh life. 6 This is especially evident in the representation\u0000 of Manawydan and Cigfa's time spent as artisans in the cities of Lloegyr, which provides the clearest evidence for an Anglo-Norman context of com","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"402 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75605725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beekeeping in Celtic and Indo-European","authors":"Paulus van Sluis","doi":"10.16922/sc.56.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16922/sc.56.1","url":null,"abstract":"This article reconstructs where, when and how Celtic speakers adopted beekeeping on the basis of the Celtic apicultural vocabulary. Following a short introduction giving the archaeological and historical background of beekeeping, it is argued that Celtic inherited a lexicon for bee\u0000 produce from Proto-Indo-European (PIE), but not for bees or beehives. The various external sources and internal derivations for the remaining words in the apicultural lexicon are then employed to reconstruct in what periods and from what sources Celtic speakers adopted beekeeping. This reconstruction\u0000 demonstrates that bee domestication by IE speakers post-dates PIE. A European lexicon can be reconstructed for bees, drones and hollow beehives, implying that sylvestrian beekeeping was adopted by IE speakers soon after their migration into Europe. A Proto-Celtic (PC) layer relating to swarming\u0000 suggests that PC speakers achieved more intimate knowledge of beekeeping, while words for beehives are of even later date, suggesting continued innovation in hive-building techniques after the break-up of Celtic.","PeriodicalId":32192,"journal":{"name":"Studia Celtica Posnaniensia","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80725389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}