ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809780
Phillip Crews, Darrell Ward, Jerry Mungle
{"title":"Ada Requirements Methodology (ARM)","authors":"Phillip Crews, Darrell Ward, Jerry Mungle","doi":"10.1145/800174.809780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809780","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes and evaluates the Ada Requirements Methodology (ARM - a subset of Ada Integrated Methodology) that was developed during a study sponsored by the United States Department of Defense to evaluate design support for embedded systems. ARM combines some traditional structured analysis techniques with the Ada language to develop system requirements. The use of the implementation language (in this case Ada) during the requirements phase of system development is a departure from the concept that requirements and design methodologies should be independent of the implementation language. Reasons for using Ada as a requirements language are addressed in this paper. Additionally, the results of the first application of ARM and some ideas for further study and enhancements are provided.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115361599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809800
J. Kolodner
{"title":"Requirements for natural language fact retrieval","authors":"J. Kolodner","doi":"10.1145/800174.809800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809800","url":null,"abstract":"One ideal information retrieval system that we can imagine is one that would read the newspaper, understanding and storing the contents of the articles. It would have running knowledge about world events, sports, business, the stock market, and popular medical advances and scientific discoveries. It would know which columnist had written a humerous article about children, the economy, or some well-known personality. It would be able to tell you the latest events in the lives of world figures and celebrities. It would advise you on recipes based on the ingredients you tell it you have available. A user would query the system in English, or some other natural language, using the same language and having a dialog similar to one with a human expert on a particular subject.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129563954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809788
J. Belzer
{"title":"On foundations of information science: Theoretical aspects and simulation","authors":"J. Belzer","doi":"10.1145/800174.809788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809788","url":null,"abstract":"A department of systematized knowledge as an object of study is a science. Information science is such a department concerned with all aspects of information. The knowledge deals with the operation of general laws under rigorous conditions, the results of which are reproducible.\u0000 A theory is a set of interrelated constructs, definitions and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena by specifying relations among variables, with a purpose of explaining and predicting phenomena. Theory enables one to explain and to predict. When theories exist, based on which behavior of phenomena in a particular science can be explained and predicted with accuracy, these theories form foundations for that science. Theories which withstand the tests of internal consistency, i.e., create no contradictions, are subjected to empirical tests, and are accepted by its peers, become law. In physics, Newton's law of motion and Maxwell's laws of electromagnetics set foundations for the science of physics in two of its aspects. Sometimes theories are discovered in one field which are applicable in another field. Such theories can become a base for foundations in both fields. Information and Communication Theory of Shannon is such a theory. [1]","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128210161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809796
D. Kraft
{"title":"Generalizations of boolean query processing","authors":"D. Kraft","doi":"10.1145/800174.809796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809796","url":null,"abstract":"Substantial work has been done recently applying fuzzy subset theory to the problems of document and query representation and processing in retrieval systems. The motivation has often been to generalize Boolean query processing to allow for non-Boolean index weights or measures of importance to be attached to the individual terms in the document or in the query representation. The problems of generalizing the Boolean lattice structure have been noted. Criteria have been generated for query processing mechanisms with relevance weights in the query, but these have been shown to be inconsistent. An alternative approach using thresholds in the query has been suggested, with the generation of appropriate document evaluation criteria for Boolean query processing.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134017414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809801
L. Wittie, A. V. Tilborg
{"title":"An introduction to network computers","authors":"L. Wittie, A. V. Tilborg","doi":"10.1145/800174.809801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809801","url":null,"abstract":"Low cost, compactness, and surprising compute power combine to make microprocessor computing elements attractive as building blocks for large parallel computers. Many applications ranging from brain simulation to real-time traffic control can be solved by using inherently parallel techniques executing on loosely-coupled ensembles of microcomputers known as network computers. However, network computer technology is still in its infancy. The main technical problems that remain to be solved relate to software control in distributed operating systems. The MICRONET network computer at SUNY/Stony Brook is being built as a testbed laboratory to experiment with decentralized control techniques, distributed programming languages, and distributed real-time monitoring.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134116346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809797
A. Briggs, R. Elliott, O. Taulbee, Ray Miller, F. Maryanski
{"title":"Seed corn session","authors":"A. Briggs, R. Elliott, O. Taulbee, Ray Miller, F. Maryanski","doi":"10.1145/800174.809797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809797","url":null,"abstract":"There is a consensus in academia and industry that the shortage of computer science faculty is at crisis proportions. The solutions to this crisis involve actions both independent and concurrent. Some of the actions suggested for the academic arena include the offering of salaries competitive with industry wages, marketing the perceived advantages of university appointments as opposed to industrial positions, recruit from industry, provide stronger career counseling to avoid a surplus in esoteric specialties, reaffirm teaching as the primary responsibility, actively develop industrial contracts and acknowledge the validity of industrial research and selection of directions for computer sciences. Industry could help alleviate the problem by rebuilding computer science laboratories with state-of-the-art hardware, provide summer jobs and encourage graduate students to complete degree work before seeking employment. Both groups need to work together to improve channels of communication, to share personnel, seek better job matches and open research centers on both sides.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132607190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809777
A. Pashtan
{"title":"Object oriented operating systems: An emerging design methodology","authors":"A. Pashtan","doi":"10.1145/800174.809777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809777","url":null,"abstract":"Object oriented design of operating systems has evolved from pure protection considerations to a more general methodology of design as exemplified in Intel's iAPX-432 machine. This paper compares and contrasts, from an architectural point of view, eight major object oriented operating systems. Five different architectural aspects have been chosen as a basis for this analysis. These aspects include: uniformity of the object approach, object type extensibility, the process concept, the domain concept, and object implementation techniques.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"2000 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123547671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809791
D. Leinbaugh
{"title":"High level description and implementation of resource schedulers","authors":"D. Leinbaugh","doi":"10.1145/800174.809791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809791","url":null,"abstract":"Resource sharing problems can be described in three basically independent components.\u0000 • The constraints the resource places upon sharing because of physical limitations and consistency requirements.\u0000 • The desired ordering of resource requests to achieve efficiency—either efficiency of resource utilization or efficiency for processes making the requests.\u0000 • Modifications to the ordering, to prevent starvation of processes waiting for requests which might otherwise never receive service.\u0000 A high level description language to specify these components of resource sharing problems is introduced. An implementation that lends itself to mechanical synthesis is described. Synthesis of the scheduler code by-passes the long and error- prone process of someone doing the coding themselves. Proof techniques at the high level description level are introduced to show how to prove schedulers, synthesized from their description, are or are not deadlock and starvation free. Solutions to the classical resource sharing problems of producer/consumer, reader/ writer, and disk scheduler (to the sector level) are shown to illustrate the expressiveness of this description language.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114478722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809775
T. Kehler, A. Barr, Timothy W. Finin, P. Friedland, M. Genesereth, Jim Miller, Mark L. Miller, E. Soloway, H. Tennant
{"title":"Intelligent Assistance for Complex Systems","authors":"T. Kehler, A. Barr, Timothy W. Finin, P. Friedland, M. Genesereth, Jim Miller, Mark L. Miller, E. Soloway, H. Tennant","doi":"10.1145/800174.809775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809775","url":null,"abstract":"Complex systems are becoming more pervasive, yet in order for these systems to be used effectively, machine-based assistance is needed. With the advent of powerful personal systems it is anticipated that experts in various disciplines will become increasingly dependent on computational environments provided they are given a means of exploiting system capabilities.\u0000 Traditional help systems have made use of canned text which is presented in response to typing a “?” or “help”. Many integral help systems embed canned hints at appropriate places in the program. Help is commonly provided via a scheme for accessing text files. Help files may be indexed by names such as MAIL, EDIT, LOGIN. Indexing of files is sometimes extended by permitting the user to type a sequence of words such as HELP MAIL READ to provide assistance on subcategories of a topic. Canned text can also be accessed hierarchically through use of a menu system. Most traditional help systems use one of the techniques described to provide assistance.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115314967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACM '82Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1145/800174.809761
Kemal Koymen
{"title":"A prototype DBMS with a Turkish query Language","authors":"Kemal Koymen","doi":"10.1145/800174.809761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800174.809761","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a prototype DBMS, called VERTUR, which supports relational data structures and can be used inter-actively through a query language. The query language referred to as TURDIL is based on Turkish Language and is defined by a regular grammar. VERTUR has a fully integrated data dictionary which contains definitions of relations and user-views based on relations, along with information on data-access privileges.","PeriodicalId":321698,"journal":{"name":"ACM '82","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116075135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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