World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Vestibular and cochlear dysfunction in aging: Two sides of the same coin?","authors":"Cátia Azevedo, Sérgio Vilarinho, Ana Sousa Menezes, Fernando Milhazes Mar, Luís Dias","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.59","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.59","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Nonspecific complaints of hearing loss, vertigo, imbalance, and instability, without a defined etiology, are very prevalent in the elderly population, with a great impact on morbidity and mortality in this age group. The objectives of this study were to verify whether there is age-related vestibular dysfunction and to test the association of vestibular dysfunction with presbycusis in the elderly population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Original retrospective analytical cross-sectional study, carried out with 80 patients who underwent a videonystagmography and complete audiometric evaluation due to nonspecific vestibular complaints, without a specific vestibular disorder diagnosis. Patients were selected and divided into two distinct age groups (group A: >60 years; group B: 18-50 years) and, in both groups, we analyzed the caloric tests and the pure-tone audiometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the vestibular evaluation, we found that there was a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between groups in the prevalence of bilateral vestibular weakness (group A: 22.5%; group B: 5%), and that the increase in age, above 60 years, is negatively correlated with the mean total caloric response. Additionally, we obtained a reasonable negative and statistically significant correlation (<i>r</i> = -0.320, <i>P</i> < 0.05) between the mean bone conduction thresholds at high frequencies and total caloric responses in group A.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with hearing loss, it is essential to perform a complete vestibular study to diagnose vestibular disorders and, consequently, prevent adverse outcomes that may result from these alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"308-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c5/6f/WJO2-8-308.PMC9714048.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10430541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening strategy and time points for newborn hearing re-screening with high risk factors.","authors":"Qing-Xiang Zeng, Ren-Zhong Luo, Sheng-Bao Yan, Yi-Quan Tang, Rui-Jin Wen, Wen-Long Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.wjorl.2020.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wjorl.2020.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare and analyze the pass rate and screening strategy of hearing rescreening for newborns with high risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective chart review of high-risk newborns who failed their initial newborn hearing screen and subsequently underwent secondary hearing tests from June 2011 to June 2018 in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight hundred and sixty-eight newborns with high risk factors were included in the study. The 57-70 days (83.5%) and 71-84 days (83.4%) group had the highest pass rate compared with 42-56 days (75.8%) and < 42 days (68.3%) group. As for different screening strategies, the pass rate of OAE(otoacoustic emissions), AABR (auto auditory brainstem response) and OAE + AABR was the highest in 57-70 days group and 71-84 days group, respectively. The OAE + AABR had the lowest pass rate compared to the other two modalities. When the pass rate was compared as different risk factors, the 57-70 days and 71-84 days group also had the highest pass rate compared with 42-56 days and < 42 days group and the pass rate had no significant differences among various risk factors group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results showed that all the pass rate of OAE, AABR and OAE + AABR was the highest in 57-70 days group and 71-84 days group with significant difference, suggesting that the delayed screening time (>57 days) may increase the re-screening pass rate and reduce anxiety of parents, which is of great significance for clinical work.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"257-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9c/13/WJO2-8-257.PMC9479479.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33484002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols for outpatient operations in otolaryngology: Review of literature.","authors":"Kevin Chorath, Sara Hobday, Neeraj V Suresh, Beatrice Go, Alvaro Moreira, Karthik Rajasekaran","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.58","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.58","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are patient-centered, evidence-based pathways designed to reduce complications, promote recovery, and improve outcomes following surgery. These protocols have been successfully applied for the management of head and neck cancer, but relatively few studies have investigated the applicability of these pathways for other outpatient procedures in otolaryngology. Our goal was to perform a systematic review of available evidence reporting the utility of ERAS protocols for the management of patients undergoing outpatient otolaryngology operations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and gray literature. We identified studies that evaluated ERAS protocols among patients undergoing otologic, laryngeal, nasal/sinus, pediatric, and general otolaryngology operations. We assessed the outcomes and ERAS components across protocols as well as the study design and limitations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Types of procedures evaluated with ERAS protocols included tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, functional endoscopic sinus surgery, tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy, and septoplasty. A reduction in postoperative length of stay and hospital costs was reported in two and three studies, respectively. Comparative studies between ERAS and control groups showed persistent improvement in pre- and postoperative anxiety and pain levels, without an increase in postoperative complications and readmission rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A limited number of studies discuss implementation of ERAS protocols for outpatient operations in otolaryngology. These clinical pathways appear promising for these procedures as they may reduce length of stay, decrease costs, and improve pain and anxiety postoperatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"8 2","pages":"96-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/77/d6/WJO2-8-96.PMC9242417.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40558872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of randomized clinical trials for pain management in pediatric tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy.","authors":"Michael C Shih, Barry D Long, Phayvanh P Pecha, David R White, Yi-Chun C Liu, Emily Brennan, Mariam I Nguyen, Clarice S Clemmens","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.54","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the volume, topics, and reporting trends in the published literature of randomized clinical trials for pharmacologic pain management of pediatric tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy and to identify areas requiring further research.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed (National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health), Scopus (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCO), and Cochrane Library (Wiley).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of four databases was conducted. Only randomized controlled or comparison trials examining pain improvement with a pharmacologic intervention in pediatric tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy were included. Data collected included demographics, pain-related outcomes, sedation scores, nausea/vomiting, postoperative bleeding, types of drug comparisons, modes of administration, timing of administration, and identities of the investigated drugs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and eighty-nine studies were included for analysis. Most studies included validated pain scales, with the majority using visual-assisted scales (49.21%). Fewer studies examined pain beyond 24 h postoperation (24.87%), and few studies included a validated sedation scale (12.17%). Studies have compared several different dimensions of pharmacologic treatment, including different drugs, timing of administration, modes of administration, and dosages. Only 23 (12.17%) studies examined medications administered postoperatively, and only 29 (15.34%) studies examined oral medications. Acetaminophen only had four self-comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our work provides the first scoping review of pain and pediatric tonsillectomy. With drug safety profiles considered, the literature does not have enough data to determine which treatment regimen provides superior pain control in pediatric tonsillectomy. Even common drugs like acetaminophen and ibuprofen require further research for optimizing the treatment of posttonsillectomy pain. The heterogeneity in study design and comparisons weakens the conclusions of potential systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Future directions include more noninferiority studies of unique comparisons and more studies examining oral medications given postoperatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"9 1","pages":"9-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2c/e4/WJO2-9-9.PMC10050970.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of cosmetic outcomes between remote-access and conventional thyroidectomy: A review of the current literature.","authors":"Anna Kasouli, Eleftherios Spartalis, Alexios Giannakodimos, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Dimitrios Dimitroulis, Nikolaos I Nikiteas","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.65","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.65","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The pursuit of an esthetically pleasing scar following open thyroid surgery has led to the development of endoscopic thyroidectomy through remote incisions placed in several locations outside the neck. The objective of this study is to review the recent literature and compare the incision site appearance and patient satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome after extracervical and conventional thyroidectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The English literature published since 2010 was searched through the PubMed/Medline database for studies comparing the cosmetic outcomes between remote-access endoscopic and conventional thyroidectomy using a form of scar assessment scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9 relevant papers fulfilled the eligibility criteria including 1486 patients. Among them, 595 patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy through several remote-access approaches and 891 patients were assigned to the conventional group. Only one randomized-controlled trial was identified, whereas among the rest, four were prospective and four were retrospective nonrandomized cohorts. Regarding the extracervical modifications performed in the endoscopic groups, the axillary approach was performed in three studies and the breast approach in four studies, while the retroauricular facelift technique and the transoral vestibular method were applied in one study, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evaluation of the wound appearance and patient satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome at various time points during the follow-up highlighted the superiority of the extracervical approaches over the conventional cervicotomy. Considering these findings, remote-access techniques could possibly be the ideal surgical method for patients with high esthetic requirements, providing an excellent appearance of the thoroughly exposed neck.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/38/e4/WJO2-9-1.PMC10050956.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of smoking on nasal mucociliary clearance time in Kano metropolis, Nigeria.","authors":"Ahmad Mahmud, Abubakar D Salisu, Emmanuel S Kolo, Muhammad G Hasheem, Nafisatu Bello-Muhammad, Ahmad R Tukur, Yasir J Nuhu, Rabiu I Jalo","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.61","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mucociliary clearance is an important defense mechanism in human upper and lower respiratory airways. Impairment of this process by certain conditions such as cigarette smoking can predispose to chronic infection and neoplasm of the nose and paranasal sinuses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Eligible adults were enrolled, a saccharine test was conducted, and the nasal mucociliary clearance time was assessed. Analysis of the result was carried out using Statistical Product and Service Solutions version 23.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 225 participants categorized into 75 active smokers (33.3%), 74 passive smokers (32.9%), and 76 nonsmokers (33.8%, living in a smoking-free zone). The age range of the participants was between 18 and 50 years, with a mean age of (31.2 ± 5.6) years. All participants were males. There were 139 (61.8%) of Hausa-Fulani ethnic group, 24 (10.7%) Yoruba, 18 (8.0%) Igbo, and 44 (19.5%) other ethnic groups. Findings in this study showed that the average mucociliary clearance time among active smokers was prolonged ([15.25 ± 6.20] min) compared to passive ([11.41 ± 4.25] min) and nonsmokers ([9.17 ± 2.76] min) respectively, with a statistical significance (<i>F </i>= 33.59, <i>P </i>< 0.001). Binary logistic regression revealed that the number of cigarettes smoked per day was an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time (<i>P </i>= 0.008, odds ratio = 0.44, 95% confidence interval = 0.24-0.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Active cigarette smoking is associated with prolonged nasal mucociliary clearance time. The number of cigarette sticks smoked per day was found to be an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"9 1","pages":"53-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b3/8a/WJO2-9-53.PMC10050968.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9241498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quiet place: The impact of the word \"quiet\" on clinical workload.","authors":"Beatrice C Go, Kevin Chorath, Amy Schettino, Vincent Anagnos, Ivy Maina, Laura Henry, Lukas Dumberger, Neel Sangal, Vasiliki Triantafillou, Solomon Husain, Chad Sudoko, Evan Cretney, Karthik Rajasekaran","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.53","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to determine the impact of uttering the word \"quiet\" on clinical workload during the overnight otolaryngology call shift and understand the factors contributing to resident busyness.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A multicenter, single-blind, randomized-controlled trial was conducted. A total of 80 overnight call shifts covered by a pool of 10 residents were randomized to the quiet or to the control group. At the start of shift, residents were asked to state aloud, \"Today will be a quiet night\" (quiet group) or \"Today will be a good night\" (control group). Clinical workload, as measured by number of consults, was the primary outcome. Secondary measures included number of sign-out tasks, unplanned inpatient and operating room visits, number of phone calls and hours of sleep, and self-perceived busyness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in the number of total (<i>P</i> = 0.23), nonurgent (<i>P</i> = 0.18), and urgent (<i>P</i> = 0.18) consults. Tasks at signout, total phone calls, unplanned inpatient visits, and unplanned operating room visits did not differ between the control and quiet groups. While there were more unplanned operating room visits in the quiet group (29, 80.6%) compared to the control group (34, 94.4%), this was not found to be significant (<i>P</i> = 0.07). The majority of residents reported feeling \"not busy\" during control nights (18, 50.0%) compared to feeling \"somewhat busy\" during quiet nights (17, 47.2%; <i>P</i> = 0.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Contrary to popular belief, there is no clear evidence that uttering the word \"quiet\" significantly increases clinical workload.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"9 1","pages":"91-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/34/30/WJO2-9-91.PMC10050957.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otologic and vestibular symptoms in COVID-19: A scoping review.","authors":"Kimberly Mae C Ong, Teresa Luisa G Cruz","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.57","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Otologic and vestibular symptoms have been seen in patients confirmed to have COVID-19 disease. Further discussion of these symptoms may provide insight into short- and long-term management for these patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this review was to describe the otologic and vestibular symptoms that present in patients with COVID-19. The primary outcomes of this review were onset, duration and clinical outcomes of these symptoms.</p><p><strong>Sources of evidence: </strong>Pub Med, APAMed Central, Herdin, CINAHL, Scopus, Springer Link, ProQuest Coronavirus Research Database, and Google Scholar were searched for the articles to be included.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>Studies included were those involving adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who experienced hearing loss, ear pain, ear discharge, otitis media, vertigo, or tinnitus. Studies were eligible for inclusion if there was a description of the otologic dysfunction, specifically onset, duration, or clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of patients who experienced hearing loss (68%), tinnitus (88%), vertigo/dizziness (30%), ear pain (8%), and discharge (100%) did so within a month of experiencing the typical symptoms of COVID-19. A majority also experienced complete resolution of their symptoms within 2 weeks. Standard treatment for COVID-19 was usually provided but when specific diagnoses are made for these symptoms (e.g., sudden sensorineural hearing loss, otitis media, vestibular neuritis), they are treated in the same manner as one would for non-COVID-19 cases, in addition to the management for COVID-19. In certain cases, there may be a need for additional work-up to rule out other causes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Otologic and vestibular symptoms were present in COVID-19 patients, majority as part of the systemic nature of the disease. The onset, duration, and course were consistent with the natural history of a systemic viral infection. COVID-19 should be considered in any patient with a new-onset hearing loss, tinnitus, or vertigo/dizziness, even in the absence of infectious or respiratory symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/03/WJO2-8-287.PMC9111077.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9179200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout and well-being in otolaryngology trainees: A systematic review.","authors":"Skye K Lawlor, Christopher M Low, Matthew L Carlson, Karthik Rajasekaran, Garret Choby","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.21","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To comprehensively review the recent published literature to characterize current trends of burnout and well-being among otolaryngology trainees.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study design: systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature review from 2000 to 2021 of studies related to otolaryngology resident burnout and well-being, as well as the general topic of well-being among surgical residents was completed. All included studies were summarized qualitatively. For the quantitative analysis, only articles reporting a Maslach burnout inventory (MBI), modified MBI or Mini-Z- Burnout assessment were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five articles were included in the qualitative summary and nine articles in the quantitative analysis. In the qualitative summary, trainees were reported to have increased levels of distress and emotional hardening compared to attending otolaryngologists. Total hours worked per week and female gender were associated with worsened well-being. Residency program strategies to improve trainee well-being include program-sponsored wellness activities, dedicated wellness champions, and assistance with clerical burden. Implementation of protected nonclinical time has been shown to decrease burnout and increase well-being among trainees. Moreover, formal trainee mentorship programs have also been shown to reduce trainee burnout and stress. In the quantitative analysis, rates of trainee burnout ranged from 29.7% to 86% with an overall trend towards reduced rates of burnout from 2006 to 2021. Utilizing a weighted average, the overall burnout among otolaryngology residents was 58.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rates of burnout remain high among otolaryngology trainees. Implementing formal mentorship programs and providing protected time during regular work hours appear to be effective tools to improve resident well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"8 2","pages":"118-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/c1/WJO2-8-118.PMC9242424.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40558876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation training in endoscopic skull base surgery: A scoping review.","authors":"Joel James, Alexandria L Irace, David A Gudis, Jonathan B Overdevest","doi":"10.1002/wjo2.11","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wjo2.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Proficiency in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery requires both substantial baseline training and progressive lifelong learning. Endoscopic simulation models continue to evolve in an effort to optimize trainee education and preoperative preparation and improve surgical outcomes. The current scoping review systematically reviews all available literature and synthesizes the current paradigms of simulation models for endoscopic skull base surgery training and skill enhancement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases. Studies were categorized according to the type of simulation models investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 238 unique references, with 55 studies ultimately meeting inclusion criteria. Of these, 19 studies described cadaveric dissection models, 17 discussed three-dimensional (3D) printed models, 14 examined virtual surgical planning and augmented reality-based models, and five 5 articles described task trainers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are a wide variety of simulation models for endoscopic skull base surgery, including high-fidelity cadaveric, virtual reality, and 3D-printed models. These models are an asset for trainee development and preoperative surgical preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":32097,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery","volume":"21 1","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9126166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85660654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}