Acta FF最新文献

{"title":"Josef Mlejnek jr.: Boj o svatého Vladimíra. Křesťanství a nacionalismus v zápase o ukrajinskou autokefalitu","authors":"Maria Avanesova","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2022.14.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2022.14.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122106776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Výzkum ekonomické funkce muslimských spolků v Německu a Rakousku","authors":"Martin Klapetek","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2021.13.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2021.13.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The study deals with the economic function of Muslim organizations in Germany and Austria. Sales and services are a research topic that is associated not only with organized Muslims. Other included participants are individualized and cultural Muslims. The economic activities of these organizations also have an impact on customers from non-Muslim societies. The study is based on a critical reflection of expert discussion, non-participant observations conducted during field research, analysis of photo documentation obtained by the researcher, descriptions of the visited locations, as well as the self-presentation of communities. The economic function is interrelated with other activities of the associations. Primarily, it has an impact on the organization´s educational, leisure-oriented, social, and cultural activities. Financial resources gained from renting or operating shops or services are vital to secure the operation of an association and its development. Based on the analysis of the data obtained during field research, it is possible to design a basic typology of shops and establishments. The first sphere contains groceries, greengroceries, and butcher´s shops. Tea rooms differ from restaurants or cafés in their multifunctionality. The second sphere consists of travel agencies, bookshops, household goods, and textile shops. The third type contains services related to hair care. Last but not least, the paper deals with funeral services focused on Muslim clients. Among the key variables bearing an impact on the functioning of businesses are conveniently chosen business premises and adequately established working hours. Changes in the economic activities of Muslim associations in Germany and Austria show not only the transformation of the community itself but also its immediate surroundings.","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129872651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Náboženská víra a vztah k historii – analýza existence vzájemného propojení","authors":"V. Hásová, Jan Váně, Jiří Vinopal, Dušan Lužný","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2019.11.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2019.11.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this text is to attempt to test the connection between people’s religiosity and their relationship to history, and also to provide some new knowledge about this relationship in the Czech Republic. According to theories, it is assumed that religion and history are somehow connected. This is why we are trying to obtain knowledge about the relationship between people’s religiosity and their historical consciousness. This knowledge should shed light on the role of religious memory. We assume that the process of how religious attitudes are justified by historical stories helps to form a relationship between people’s religiosity and their attitude towards history. We use data from the research entitled Sociologický výzkum historického vědomí 2010 (Sociological Research of Historical Consciousness). Linear regression and analysis of tables show that the examined relation is not as clear as we expected. Individuals with a different level of religious memory also have different attitudes towards historical consciousness. Practicing believers more often lean towards the category of historical consciousness called “positive affirmation” in contrast with non-believers, who have a tendency towards noetic instrumentalism and positive affirmation instead of historical nihilism as we expected. Furthermore, it was not proven that there is a causal relationship between believers and the scores from tests of historical knowledge. This relationship is mediated by cultural capital (education) and socio-economic status.","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127550114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Belarusian Orthodox Church and Its Role in the Belarusian Regime","authors":"M. Avanesova","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2021.13.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2021.13.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"This text, conceived as an interpretative case study, deals with the role that the Belarusian Orthodox Church plays in the contemporary Belarusian regime. In light of the fact that the Belarusian Orthodox Church is an exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church, the author will also look at whether the Belarusian Orthodox Church can actually be considered an instrument of Russian in Belarus. Within the research, the author will show that on the one hand, there are favorable conditions for the development of the Belarusian Orthodox Church. But on the other hand, although the state declares the de facto independence of the Belarusian Orthodox Church, any opposition activity on its part is seen as a threat to the state, which allows the state to interfere with its policy. This leads church organizations in such systems to become significantly weakened within this “cooperation with the state”, even though they have an influence on society and thus a legitimizing potential. As a result, the church is strongly dependent on the state and limited as an actor in civil society within the Belarusian regime. In addition, the author will also conclude in the study that it is difficult to consider the Belarusian Orthodox Church to be a tool of the Kremlin’s influence.","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"37 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131456074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rakouská anexe Krakova v roce 1846: Příspěvek k dějinám rakousko-německých vztahů v době předbřeznové","authors":"Barbora Pásztorová","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2019.11.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2019.11.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this study is to analyse Austria’s annexation of Cracow in November 1846 and its influence on the development of Austrian-German relations in the second half of the 1840s. The decision to end the independent existence of the Free City of Cracow was a violation of the Final Act, signed at the Congress of Vienna on 9 June 1815, which was considered by many contemporaries as a crisis that seriously jeopardized the continuation of the European peace order. It was an event that had a number of serious consequences both political and international-legal, as well as economic and social. The text seeks to outline the main events leading to Austria’s decision to declare the incorporation of Cracow into the Habsburg Monarchy and then analyses the consequences of this act. It focuses primarily on the dispute between Austria and Prussia over trade and customs issues. Particular attention is given to the reaction triggered in the territory of the German Confederation by the announcement of the termination of Cracow and its incorporation into Austria. While acknowledging the legitimacy of the Austrian action against Cracow, smaller German states did not resist the fear that they might be caught by the same fate and lose their free status and be annexed by one of the larger German states. The governments of Vienna and Berlin had to make considerable efforts to convince them that the rule of law would be maintained within the German Confederation. Prussia initially resisted negotiations on Austria’s annexation of Cracow because of its own primarily economic interests there. Although in the end virtually none of the Prussian requirements for its approval of annexation were taken into account by Austria, the alliance between the two German powers was not disrupted.","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133731545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tabātabā’i: Theory of Iʿtibāriyyāt and His Political Philosophy","authors":"Maryam Olamaiekopaie, Ehsan Arzroomchilar","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2022.14.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2022.14.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Tabātabā'i is one of the greatest philosophers in the contemporary Islamic world. In this paper, his significant contribution to Islamic philosophy, namely the theory of iʿtibāriyyāt, is discussed. He divides all knowledge into two categories; haqīqī, originating from the external world, and iʿtibārī, constructed out of human needs. The latter kind of knowledge is unreal in the sense that it originates from the soul rather than from the world. Yet it is real in the sense that its effects are visible in the world. Iʿtibāriyyāt can be further classified into categories. More importantly, they are formulated in terms of either being formed before a society is established, i.e., pre-society iʿtibāriyyāt, or being formed when there is already a society around, i.e., post-society iʿtibāriyyāt. The following section of the paper presents the application of Tabātabā'i’s theory in the context of his political philosophy. As we will explain, he seems to favour a religious regulating system when it comes to the content of laws. In contrast, he seems open to a non-religious form of political system insofar as he sympathizes with democracy.","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115717385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jazyková invence v české a francouzské konkrétní poezii","authors":"Lucie Divišová","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2019.11.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2019.11.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128511074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vývoj pohledu britské zahraniční politiky na Bagdádský pakt (Organizaci centrální smlouvy, CENTO) v letech 1955–1962","authors":"Lukáš Nevrkla","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2019.11.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2019.11.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125277205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"„Nechtěl bych vytvářet dojem, že my orientalisté nebo islamologové jediní víme, jak je to doopravdy“: Rozhovor s Milošem Mendelem z Katedry blízkovýchodních studií Fakulty filozofické Západočeské univerzity v Plzni","authors":"Martin Klapetek","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2021.13.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2021.13.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126360171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interview with Prof. Ruzha Smilova on Depoliticization, Populism, and Bulgaria","authors":"Přemysl Rosůlek","doi":"10.24132/actaff.2022.14.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2022.14.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Ruzha Smilova: The rise and success of populism in CEE has preoccupied political analysts already at the time the countries in the region acceded to the EU and started backsliding on democratic norms and practices. A whole academic industry, which is studying populism both in the region and beyond, rapidly developed. Political theory is also contributing to the effort to understand populism by conceptualizing the diverse sources and manifestations of the populist phenomenon. As a researcher within the EU-funded project PaCE (Populism and Civic Engagement1), I have studied the causal mechanisms that explain the rise and success of populist parties and movements in Europe.2 Prominent among these is the reaction of voters to the shrinking policy space. This trend of turning liberal democracies into “democracy without choice” (Krastev 2002) has long been noted. In such a regime democratic say of the citizens becomes irrelevant: people may be able to change government but not its policies, as these have been outsourced to non-elected, democratically unaccountable bodies. It is this process of emptying democracy of its democratic content that is referred to as “depoliticization”. Some identify the cartelisation of party systems in developed democracies as the primary source of depoliticization (Katz, Mair 1995). As a result of growing cartelization (but also due to other forms of outsourcing democratic decision-making), the perceptions of political inefficacy – that one can change the government but not its policies – become widespread. This alienates voters from mainstream parties, who offer the same policy menu despite nominal ideological differences in their platforms. A further major source of voter alienation from mainstream parties is the growing perception that elected governments are not sufficiently responsive, as they often respond not to their electorates but to other (external or internal) constraints and pressures – be these from international markets or national businesses, or even from media empires acting as “PR divisions of business groups” (Smilova 2014). Parties in government often fail to ensure the desired balance between responsible (acting responsibly in performing its governmental functions vis-à-","PeriodicalId":319543,"journal":{"name":"Acta FF","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127636959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}