Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology最新文献

{"title":"DETECTION OF GENETIC EFFECTS IN γ-IRRADIATED GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) USING CYTOGENETIC, BIOCHEMICAL ANDRAPD ANALYSIS","authors":"A. Ali, A. A. Aboulila, Fatma F. Elnagar","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9718","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different doses of gamma irradiation on cytogenetic and biochemical characters was studied in two Egyptian cultivars of garlic (Balady and Sids-40). Identification of DNA polymorphism among the treatments through a Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis was also of interest in this study. The cytological analyses showed that the highest percentage value of mitotic index (MI) was recorded for cultivar Sids-40 (13.07 ± 2.04) at 1000 rad, while the dose 1250 rad exhibited the lowest value (4.65 ± 0.43) for Balady cultivar. It was of specific interest to notice that the γ-irradiation dose of 4000 rad which caused the significant decrease in MI in Sids-40 garlic cultivar gave also the highest values of chromosomal abnormalities in the same cultivar. Both the lowest and highest γ-irradiation doses used (500 and 8000 rad, respectively) caused increase in MI in both garlic cultivars. While, the 4000 rad dose caused decrease in both garlic varieties. On the other hand, all doses of gamma rays induced significant increase in the percentage of chromosomal abnormalities which examined at different mitotic stages and the most frequent aberrations were c-metaphase and fragments. Data showed that cultivar Balady had the highest values of total chromosomal abnormalities at 1250 rad, while Sids-40 showed the highest value at 4000 rad. The biochemical studies exhibited changes in protein banding patterns; these changes included alterations in number of bands, band intensity and disappearance or appearance of certain bands. The occurred changes in RAPD profiles using eight primers following γ-irradiation treatment included variation in band intensity, loss of normal bands and appearance of new bands compared with the untreated plants. These results indicated that polymorphism and genomic template stability (GTS) value was affected at the above gamma doses. In conclusion, DNA polymorphisms detected by RAPD analysis could be used as a useful biomarker assay for the detection of genotoxic effects of γ-irradiation on plants.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"309-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68479993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIELD EVALUATION AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF BEAN GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE TO RUST DISEASE","authors":"M. El-Awady, A. Hamed","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9707","url":null,"abstract":"Bean rust, caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger, is an important disease in both temperate and tropical bean production regions. Twenty two genotypes of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were collected and screened for resistance to bean rust disease in two seasons. Four genotypes, i.e., Concessa, Hort. 440, Coby and Hana were completely free from infection and were rated as immune to this disease. While, another four genotypes were recorded to disease severity ranged from 1.68% to 3.19% and were categorized as resistant (hypersensitive). Only one genotype was categorized as resistant with disease severity of 9.7%. The remaining 13 genotypes were susceptible having a disease severity ranged from 17.39% to 57.80%. Banding pattern of ten selected genotypes with various levels of resistance and susceptibility to bean rust and genetic diversity among them was evaluated using RAPD, ISSRs and SSRs. The three molecular systems generated total of 75 bands with polymorphism ranged from 60% to 85%. The large number of polymorphic bands allowed easy identification of the different genotypes at the DNA level. The developed dendrogram divided the common bean genotypes into two main clusters. It could be concluded that new promising resources for resistance to leaf rust were recorded in Egyptian snap bean germplasm. In addition, the developed banding patterns for these newly identified valuable Egyptian common bean accessions immune and resistant to leaf rust reported herein could support the future Egyptian snap bean germplasm collection, preservation and utilization.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"205-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETERMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN Pasteurella multocida ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT FARM ANIMALS AND THEIR HOST RANGE CONTACTS IN EGYPT USING BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES","authors":"G. M. Hassan, Zaki Ahmed El-Feky, E. A. Eissa, A. Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9713","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to identify and compare the variations among clinical of P. multocida isolates originating from different hosts, sheep (n = 4), buffalo (n = 4) and cattle (n = 4). These isolates were obtained from various locations in the Fayoum governorate, Egypt and they were analyzed by morphological, API kit and RAPD PCR at molecular level to check the distribution of Pneumonia and hemorrhagic septicemia in different farm animals. The chosen isolates exhibited luxuriant growth on blood agar with translucent grayish or yellowish green colonies. However, they showed no growth on MacConkey and no hemolysis of blood; also isolates were positive for oxidase, catalase and H2S production, negative of urease and can ferment glucose, fructose and glucose but can't ferment lactose. Antibiotic sensitivity showed that isolates were sensitive to tetracycline, clindamycin and erythromycin but resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and flucloxacillin. To determine the genetic diversity nine random primers OPA-01  OPA09 were used to which generate different profiles. The distinct RAPD profiles of p. multocida strains showed specificity with regard to the host and the disease induced.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"53 1","pages":"221-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISOLATION, TOXICITY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF NATIVE Bacillus thuringiensis ISOLATES FROM EGYPTIAN SOIL","authors":"A. Makhlouf, Amira A. El Kemany, A. Riad, Y. A. Abou-Youssef","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9723","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty three local soil samples were collected from Westward till Sewa Oasis in Egypt to search novel isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and evaluate their toxic potentiality to overcome the serious problem of evolved resistance by insects to the pesticidal activity. The first instars larvae of cotton leaf worm (Spodoptera littoralis) were used to test their toxic potentiality in the presence of the two standard strains kurstaki (K) and neoleonensis H24a (N). The results showed that three isolates from Alexandria (AL3, AL7 and AL11) and two isolates from Kafr - el-Dawar (KD2 and KD3) were presumptively confirmed as Bt. by morphological and microscopic characters. The treated larvae with Insecticidal crystal protein (ICP) exhibited mortality percentage around 50% for all isolates except AL3 isolate. The vegetative insecticidal proteins (VIPs) of KD3, KD2 and AL11 isolates revealed mortality percentages more than 75%. While, AL3 and AL7 isolates showed differential toxicity. Crystal proteins analysis by SDS-PAGE showed KD2, KD3 and AL11 isolates gave similar profiles as those of \"K\" strain which was characterized with 135 kDa and 70 kDa bands. AL3 isolate failed to show any noticeable bands. According to their plasmids patterns, 4 kb was shown in all isolates and the reference strains except AL3 isolate. Cry1, Vip1 and Vip2 genes of the isolates was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results indicated that one band with 550bp in size was present in all isolates except the AL3 isolate. Vip1 primer succeeds to amplify a band 400 bp in size in all isolates and “K\" strain. Vip2 primer failed to react with any genome of the studied isolates or reference strains. This study suggested that KD2, KD3 and AL11 isolates may lead to be identified as potential strains of Bt. for their use in the development of bioinsecticide to control insect pests in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"405-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF ATP GENE IN Calotropis procera MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME","authors":"S. Hassanein","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2014.9920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2014.9920","url":null,"abstract":"The drought-tolerant wild plant C. procera is important in medicine, industry and ornamental fields. Generally, its bark and leaves are used for many Folk medicine treatments. ATP4 (mitochondrion ATPase subunit 4), one of ATP gene family provides instructions for making transporter proteins called ATPases, which use energy from ATP molecule to move substances, such as fats, sugars, charged atoms or molecules (ions), and drugs, across the cell membranes. In this study, we uncovered and characterized ATP4 (ATP4, NCBI accession no. KP171515) gene in this medicinal plant from the de novo assembled transcriptome contigs of the high-throughput sequencing dataset. A number of GenBank accessions for ATP4 sequences were blasted with the recovered de novo assembled contigs. Homology modeling of the deduced amino acids was further carried out using Swiss-Model, accessible via the EXPASY. Superimposition of C. procera ATP4 full sequence model on Chain A, Subcomplex of the Stator of Bovine Mitochondrial ATP Synthase (PDB accession no. 2CLY_A) was constructed using RasMol and Deep-View programs. The functional domains of the novel ATP4 amino acids sequence were identified from the NCBI conserved domain data-base (CDD, accession no. cl21478) that provide insights into sequence structure/function relationships, as well as domain models imported from a number of external source databases (Pfam, SMART, COG, PRK, TIGRFAM).","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"43 1","pages":"257-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68478474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SINGLE STRAND CONFORMATIONAL POLYMORPHISM OF ADRβ3 GENE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH LIVE PERFOR-MANCE TRAITS IN BARKI SHEEP","authors":"A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2014.9922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2014.9922","url":null,"abstract":"The adrenergic receptor β3 (ADRβ3) is the major regulator of lipolysis and homeostasis and predominantly expressed in brown and white adipose tissues (Cannon and Nedergaard, 2004). The ADRβ3 gene which encodes for this receptor was studied as a candidate gene associated with growth traits, body dimensional measurements and conformation indices of Barki sheep. Single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) was used to identify the variation in the intron region of ADRβ3 gene for 136 male and female Barki lambs. Eighteen SSCP genotypes representing six alleles (A, B, C, D, E and H) were detected. The frequencies of these alleles were 0.331, 0.184, 0.283, 0.044, 0.073 and 0.084, respectively. The results indicated that ADRβ3 genotype significantly (P ˂ 0.05) affected marketing weight, thigh circumference, body mass index and skeletal muscle index; and also significantly (P ˂ 0.01) affected post-weaning daily gain. Least square means analysis showed that animals with genotypes AA, AC and CC had higher post-weaning daily gain, marketing weight, thigh circumference, body mass index and skeletal muscle index than animals with genotypes CD, CE and CH. In view of the obtained results, molecular marker selection using ADRβ3 gene is warranted to increase post-weaning growth rate, whole-body mass and skeletal muscle mass in Barki sheep and will be of considerable economic value to sheep producer.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"43 1","pages":"287-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68478590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VARIATION IN EXON 10 OF THE OVINE CALPAIN3 GENE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN EGYPTIAN BARKI LAMBS","authors":"M. Shehata, I. Ismail, A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2014.9918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2014.9918","url":null,"abstract":"The calpain 3 (CAPN3) is a major intracellular protease encoded by CAPN3 gene and mainly expressed in skeletal muscle. This protease is necessary for normal muscle function, as mutations in CAPN3 result in increasing muscle protein degradation. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymor-phism (PCR-SSCP) was used to identify allelic and genotypic polymorphisms in exon 10 of CAPN3 gene for 24 Egyptian Barki lambs. Associations between the identified polymorphisms and growth and carcass traits were determined. Three al-leles A, B and C were identified with fre-quency 0.79, 0.14 and 0.07, respectively. Only three genotypes were identified AA, AB and AC with frequency 0.58, 0.29 and 0.13, respectively. CAPN3 genotypes sig-nificantly affected post-weaning daily gain (P < 0.005), marketing weight (P < 0.05) and lean-meat% (P<0.05). Animals with AB genotype had higher means for post-weaning daily gain; marketing weight and lean-meat%. In contrast, ani-mals with AC genotype had the lower means for these traits. Our findings sug-gest that the polymorphisms in CAPN3 may play a role affecting growth rate and lean meat% of carcass in Egyptian Barki sheep.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"43 1","pages":"231-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68478704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAPPING OF QTLs CONTROLLING RESISTANCE TO LEAF STRIPE (Pyrenophora graminea) IN EGYPTIAN BARLEY","authors":"S. Adawy, R. Ismail, M. Sakr","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2014.9917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2014.9917","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf stripe in barley, caused by Pyrenophora graminea, is an important seed-borne disease in organically grown as well as in conventionally grown Nordic and Mediterranean barley districts. In the present work, a QTL map for F2 barley and 7 LSLs) distributed on 8 linkage groups and spanning 2099.4 cM of the barley genome. The size of linkage groups varied from 117.8 cM for LG2 (2H) to 482.9 cM for LG6 (6H) with an average length of 262.4 cM. Based on the used anchor SSR markers, only four linkage groups were assigned to chromosomes, where LG2, LG5, LG6 and LG7 were assigned to chromosomes 2H, 5H, 6H and 7H, respectively. Single point analysis was used to identify genomic regions controlling the leaf stripe severity and plant height traits. A total of 40 QTL were identified for the disease severity (DS) and plant height (PH) traits (20 QTL for disease severity and 20 QTL for plant height). This work represents the first genetic linkage map for barley population derived from an intraspecific cross between At20 and At29 showing chromosomal regions associated with disease severity and plant height traits in barley.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"43 1","pages":"207-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68478623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MONITORING OF SALT TOLERANCE RESPONSES OF DIFFER-ENT MAIZE INBRED LINES USING PROTEIN PROFILE AND PROTEIN SPECTROFLUORESCENCE","authors":"N. Abbas, A. Fayed","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2014.9919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2014.9919","url":null,"abstract":"Seedlings of Six maize inbred lines CML 511, CML 448, CML 444, CML 395, CML 254 and CML 216 were used to analyze salt stress of (150 mM NaCl). The analyses of RAPD results showed 84.6% of polymorphic fragments. Accessions of CML 511 and CML 448 were included in one main cluster with genetic similarity of 0.65. The genetic similarity between CML 444 and CML 395 was 0.72, the other accessions of CML 254 and CML 216 had genetic similarities of 0.67 and 0.62, respectively. Leaf proteins were studied by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE. Under non stress conditions, the minor band of 45 kDa was not expressed in varieties of CML 254 and CML 216 while band of 23 kDa were expressed in all accessions except of CML 216 accession. Under stress conditions high molecular weight bands were disappeared and the major protein bands were located at the medium molecular weight range. Protein spectrofluorescence of leaf protein samples show main emission peak at about 320 nm in both conditions of salt stress and control. However, the emission intensities showed some variations among different maize lines in alternative conditions of control and salt stress. This might be referred to change in protein interactions. Inbred lines of CML 511 and CML 448 exhibit closely related fluorescence pattern, this is in context of their genetic similarities as has deduced by RAPD results.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"43 1","pages":"241-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68478764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VARIATION IN THE FORKHEAD BOX CLASS O3 (FOXO3) GENE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH LIFESPAN TRAITS IN BARKI EWES","authors":"A. Ibrahim, S. Alsheikh","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2014.9925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2014.9925","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the polymorphisms in exon 2 of ovine Forkhead Box Class O3 (FOXO3) gene were detected in 96 Barki ewes by the polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. The association of FOXO3 gene polymorphisms with lifespan traits was tested using general linear mixed effect models. Three alleles (A, B and C) were detected with frequencies of 0.57, 0.28 and 0.15, respectively. Also five genotypes (AA, AB, AC, BB and CC) were identified with frequencies of 0.26, 0.44, 0.18, 0.06 and 0.06, respectively. Genotypes of the FOXO3 gene were shown to be associated with age, twining rate, total number of lambs born per ewe (TNLB) and total weight of lambs born per ewe (TWLB). The presence of allele C was associated with longer age and increased TNLB, whereas the presence of allele B was associated with shorter age, increased twining rate and decreased rearing ability and total number of lams weaned per ewe (TNLW). The effect of the number of allele copies present was tested and it was found that the presence of two copies of allele C was associated with longer age and increased TNLB and the presence of two copies of allele B was associated with shorter age, increased twining rate and decreased rearing ability and TNLW. These results suggest that variation in ovine FOXO3 gene is associated with lifespan traits of Barki ewes.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"43 1","pages":"339-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68479422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}