Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Assessment of the Effects of Consumption of Ginger and Marijuana on Learning and Memory in Swiss Mice","authors":"B. Owhorji, C. Obiandu, Edith Reuben, Buduka J. Otto","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.004","url":null,"abstract":"A plethora of medicinal plants have been shown to improve memory, cognition, and intelligence. Zingiber officinale (Ginger) and Cannabis sativa (Marijuana) have been shown to affect memory, cognition, and intelligence too. This study aimed at comparing the effects of Zingiber officinale and Cannabis sativa on learning and memory was carried out in Swiss mice. The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 animals each. Group 1 (control) were fed mice feed. Group 2 (ginger group) were fed with a ginger-laced diet containing ginger and mice feed at a percentage ratio of 5:95. Group 3 (marijuana group) were fed with a marijuana-laced diet containing marijuana and mice feed at the percentage ratio of 5:95. All mice were fed for 14 days and given water to drink daily. Daily food and water intake were recorded. The mice were evaluated for learning and spatial memory using novel object recognition tests and data obtained were subjected to ANOVA and T test respectively. The result showed that the Zingiber officinale group showed significantly better memory as seen by an increase in the recognition index when compared to the other groups. This shows that Zingiber officinale shows positive effects on cognition than Cannabis sativa at the same dose.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126049914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of Platelet Count and Mean Platelet Volume in Newborn of Preeclamptic Mother","authors":"Dr. Mahbuba Sultana, Dr. Qazi Shamima Akhter, Dr. Nahid Yeasmin, Dr. Rukhsana Afroz, Dr. Rahanur Akter, Dr. Tahmina Akter","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pregnancy is a physiological process. Preeclampsia is the commonest complication during pregnancy. This condition might severely affect the health of mothers and their newborns. Newborn of mothers with preeclampsia are more liable for intrauterine growth retardation and may be delivered prematurely. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the platelet count and mean platelet volume in newborn of preeclamptic mother. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2017 to December 2017. Total 60 newborns were included in this study. The subjects were divided into 2 groups. Group A (Study group): Thirty (30) newborns of preeclamptic mother and Group B (Control group): Thirty (30) newborns of healthy pregnant mother. The subjects were selected from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka on the basis of exclusion and inclusion criteria. Five (5) ml. of cord blood was collected from each newborn after delivery and was analyzed for Platelet count and mean platelet volume. These parameters were estimated in the Department of Hematology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Data were collected in pre- designed structured questionnaire form by the researcher herself. For statistical analysis Unpaired Student’s “t” test, Chi Square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) test were performed as applicable using SPSS for windows version 16.0. p value <0.05 was accepted as level of significance. Results: The mean (± SD) platelet count was 164.77 ± 79.44 × 103/µl and 212.83 ± 54.04 ×103/µl in group A and B respectively. In this study, the mean (±SD) platelet count was lower in group A in comparison to that of group B which was statistically significant (p<0.001). The mean (± SD) platelet volume was 8.90±1.15 fl and 8.30±1.45 fl in group A and B respectively. In this study, the mean (±SD) platelet volume was higher in group A in comparison to that of group B which was not statistically significant. Maternal systolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (- 0.952) with platelet count of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Maternal diastolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (- 0.960) with platelet count of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Maternal systolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (-0.973) with mean platelet volume of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Maternal diastolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (-0.964) with mean platelet volume of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: From the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the platelet count of newborn of preeclamptic mother was significantly lower in comparison to newborn of healthy pregnant mother but the","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116956646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anencephaly: A Case Report in Aného Hospital (Togo)","authors":"Sogan Ananivi, James Ye, Laleye C, H. G., J. K","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.001","url":null,"abstract":"Anencephaly is a severe anomaly of the brain that results from the failure of the cephalic part of the neural tube to close during the fourth week of pregnancy. In anencephaly, the mortality rate is 100% during intrauterine life or within hours or days after birth. Its prevention is based on supplementation with folic acid during pregnancy. We report a case of complicated anencephaly with death of the fetus in the womb of a young woman who didn’t take folic acid during her pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133508408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Insertion of the Median Arcuate Ligament: Regarding a Case","authors":"Sogan Ananivi, James Ye, Amouzou Eg, Adjenou V, J. K","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i08.002","url":null,"abstract":"The low insertion of the medial arcuate ligament is a rare topographical form which is the cause of an extrinsic compression of the coeliac trunk. In its asymptomatic form, its research is necessary if interventional radiology or above- meso-colonic surgery is required at the risk of compromising the evolution of vascular and/or pancreatico-bilio-digestive therapeutic gestures. The authors report a case of inserted and compressive low medial arcuate ligament of the coeliac trunk.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127021141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric Study of Nutrient Foramen of Human Tibia Bone in Western Rajasthan Population","authors":"Barjatya Ranjana, urohit Jaya, P, Kataria Sushma","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i07.002","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient foramen is an opening, which gives passage to the blood vessels of medullary cavity. In lower limb, the lower end of femur and upper end of tibia are the growing ends. The knowledge of nutrient foramen and nutrient artery is of utmost important in surgical procedures like bone grafting, fracture fixation etc. Damage to nutrient artery causes avascular necrosis of bone.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129389555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of the Practice of Recreationel Physical Activity and Sports and Risk of Sudden Death in the Population of the City of Yaounde, Cameroon","authors":"Mbouh Samuel, Tinkeu Nguimgou Narcisse, Ebal Minye Edmond, Bonny Aimé","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i07.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the percentage of a recreational physical activities and sports (PAS) practitioners or non-competitive athlete in Yaoundé city, and the risk of sudden death incurred. Seven hundred and ninety-three (793) men and women practicing recreational sports took part in this survey. The analysis of the variables of the socio-demographic, professional and clinical characteristics of those practicing physical activity ≥ 3 hours per week and those practicing physical activity < 3 hours was made. Data collection was carried out using a pre-established questionnaire, after obtaining an ethical clearance from the Ministry of Public Health. The average age of participants was 27.3 ± 10.6 years, they are mostly made up of men (56.2%). Five hundred and forty-seven (68.9%) said they practice physical activity at least 3 hours a week. Fifteen (15) participants or 1.6% declared to be carriers of a cardiovascular pathology and thirty-nine (39) or 4.9% are hypertensive. A large number (439; 55.6%) refrained from disclosing their clinical status or were unaware of it. The rate of recreational physical activities and sports practitioners is high in the population of Yaoundé. In this population, some practitioners are carriers of pathologies exposing them to sudden death. Knowledge of these data can contribute to taking appropriate measures to reduce cases of sudden cardiac death related to sports practice, a phenomenon increasingly observed in Cameroon.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117248676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actions of Persea americana on Some Blood Parameters of Male Wistar Rats","authors":"C. Obiandu, B. Owhorji, K. Okari, Chibuike S. Amechi","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i06.002","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the ethanolic extract of Persea americana (avocado) on the haematological parameters of male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups of five rats each. They were treated with ethanolic extract of Persea americana (except the control group). Group 1 received distilled water, Group 2 received 200mg/kg of the extract and Group 3 received 400mg/kg of the extract. The administration was done for 21 days. At the end of the administration, the rats were sacrificed under chlorofoam aneaesthesia and blood samples obtained and sent to the laboratory for analysis. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 21.0. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare means. There was a significant (p<0.5) increase in packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. There was no significant change in platelet count, white blood cell count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophils count, lymphocytes count, eosinophil and monocyte count, Result of the present study has shown that the ethanolic stem bark extract of Persea americana improved the red cell series and may be useful in treatment of anaemia because of its ability to cause a significant increase in PCV, RBC and Hb concentration.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129102298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Locomotive Function on the Morphology of the Tibia: From A Comparative Study between Two Bipeds and Two Quadrupeds","authors":"J. E, Sogan, A, Djembi, Y. R, J. K","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i06.001","url":null,"abstract":"The mode of locomotion of humans and primates leads to changes in their skeleton. Objective: Establish a link between the morphology of the tibia and the locomotive function from a comparative anatomical study between the tibias of bipeds, Homo Sapiens (HS) and Pan troglodytes verus (PTV), and of quadrupeds, Canis lupus familiaris (CLF) and Sus scrofadomesticus (SSD). Materials and methods: It concerned an analytical and comparative study by direct observation involving a sample of 52 tibias. We proceeded by direct observation, to a synthetic analysis of the morphological characteristics of the tibia that we compared in bipeds and in quadrupeds. Results: The tibial diaphyses of HS and PTV presented the same morphological conformation with an italic S aspect in HS and a varus aspect in PTV. With CLF and SSD, they are straighter and the different faces are distributed differently. The proximal epiphyses are voluminous and massive in both classes. In quadrupeds, they present upper tibial articular surfaces which are deformed backwards and a voluminous anterior tibial tuberosity. The distal epiphyses in quadrupeds are convex with more pronounced creases. Conclusion: This comparative study allowed us to demonstrate that the locomotive function has a significant impact on the morphology of the tibia.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123203300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Testicular Antioxidative Potential and Anticholesterolaemic Effects of Leaf Extract of Eugenia uniflora (Pitanga Cherry) on Male Wistar Rats","authors":"C. I. Nkpurukwe, C. Obiandu","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i05.003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Several plants have been proven useful as antioxidant agents as a result of the abundance of bioactive substances embedded in the plant. Eugenia uniflora is a medicinal plant popular in the tropics where it is applied in traditional medicine practice for treatment of some illnesses but most of its acclaimed therapeutic effects have not been scientifically proven. Aim: The present study is aimed at assessing the testicular antioxidative and some biochemical effects of Eugenia uniflora in male Wistar rats. Methodology: A total of 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Group I which served as the negative control received distilled water while group II (positive control) received 5 mg/kg Lead. Group III received 200 mg/kg BW of the extract and 5 mg/kg Lead, while Group IV received 400 mg/kg BW of the extract and 5 mg/kg Lead and the animals in Group V received 800 mg/kg BW of the extract and 5 mg/kg Lead. Administration was by oral gavage. At the end, the testes were harvested for analysis of testicular parameters. Result: The result showed a decrease in the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) while Glutathione reductase (GSH) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities increased in some groups of animals treated with the extract and lead. The testicular total cholesterol level was significantly (P<0.05) decreased while the testicular protein level was not significantly affected in animals treated with the extract and lead when compared to the lead only group.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128943487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neglected Iatrogenic False Aneurysm of the Ulnar Artery","authors":"B. O, A. N","doi":"10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i05.002","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular complications during an ulnar procedure are very rare. However, they must be identified quickly. We repport a case of a 68-year-old hypertensive patient who was admitted to the emergency department for unstable angina, where she underwent coronary angioplasty via the left ulnar route. she was referred to us for management of a pseudoaneurysm on the inside of the wrist facing the ulnar artery one month later.","PeriodicalId":317608,"journal":{"name":"Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125778010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}