Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186407

Olga Kondrateva, S. Dietzel, Maximilian Schambach, J. Otterbach, B. Scheuermann

{"title":"Filling the Gap: Fault-Tolerant Updates of On-Satellite Neural Networks Using Vector Quantization","authors":"Olga Kondrateva, S. Dietzel, Maximilian Schambach, J. Otterbach, B. Scheuermann","doi":"10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186407","url":null,"abstract":"The use of small, low-Earth-orbit satellites enables many novel Earth observation use cases due to their cost efficiency. To cope with the challenging communication environment, machine learning algorithms, such as artificial neural networks, can be applied onboard the satellites. They help to prioritize or pre-process sensor measurements and to reduce the amount of data transmitted to Earth. However, transferring and updating machine learning models to suit changing prioritization requirements poses a number of challenges in itself due to short contact times of satellites with ground stations and lossy communication links. We propose a new transmission mechanism for model updates that retains high performance even when these updates have been only partially transmitted. We achieve this by approximating missing model weights using a vector quantization approach. Using a support structure of quantized vector indices, we can approximate the model with a small amount of data, which is transmitted first, while retaining a high performance. The model performance can then be incrementally improved, as more exact model weights are transmitted to the satellites. Our evaluation shows that this approach significantly outperforms existing baselines.","PeriodicalId":31737,"journal":{"name":"Edutech","volume":"143 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80293176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating DNS Resiliency with Truncation, Fragmentation and DoTCP Fallback 用截断、碎片和DoTCP回退评估DNS弹性

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186392

Pratyush Dikshit, Mike Kosek, Nils Faulhaber, Jayasree Sengupta, Vaibhav Bajpai

{"title":"Evaluating DNS Resiliency with Truncation, Fragmentation and DoTCP Fallback","authors":"Pratyush Dikshit, Mike Kosek, Nils Faulhaber, Jayasree Sengupta, Vaibhav Bajpai","doi":"10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186392","url":null,"abstract":"Since its introduction in 1987, the DNS has become one of the Core components of the Internet. While it was designed to work with both TCP and UDP, DNS-over-UDP (DoUDP) has become the default option due to its low overhead. As new Resource Records were introduced, the sizes of DNS responses increased considerably. This expansion of message body has led to truncation and IP fragmentation more often in recent years where large UDP responses make DNS an easy vector for amplifying denial-of-service attacks which can reduce the resiliency of DNS services. This paper investigates the resiliency and usage of DoTCP and DoUDP over IPv4 and IPv6 for 10 widely used public DNS resolvers. In three experiments, these aspects are investigated from the Edge and from the Core of the Internet to represent the communication of the resolvers with DNS clients and authoritative name server. Overall, more than 14M individual measurements performed from 2500 RIPE Atlas Probes have been analyzed, highlighting that most resolvers show similar resiliency for both DoTCP and DoUDP. Yet, 3 out of 10 resolvers mainly announce very large EDNS(0) buffer sizes both from the Edge as well as from the Core, which potentially causes fragmentation. In reaction to large response sizes from authoritative name servers, we find that resolvers do not fall back to the usage of DoTCP in many cases, bearing the risk of fragmented responses. As the message sizes in the DNS are expected to grow further, this problem will become more urgent in the future.","PeriodicalId":31737,"journal":{"name":"Edutech","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73549899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Hierarchical Thompson Sampling for Multi-band Radio Channel Selection 多波段无线电信道选择的分层汤普森采样

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186426

Jerrod Wigmore, B. Shrader, E. Modiano

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Quantitative Resilience Analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems 探索信息物理系统的定量弹性分析

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186355

Romain Dagnas, M. Barbeau, Maxime Boutin, Joaquín García, Reda Yaich

引用次数: 1

Cutting Onions With Others' Hands: A First Measurement of Tor Proxies in the Wild 用别人的手切洋葱:野外Tor代理的第一次测量

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186440

Dongqi Han, Shangdong Wang, Zhize He, Zhiliang Wang, Wenqi Chen, Chenglong Li, Jiahai Yang, Xingang Shi, Xia Yin

{"title":"Cutting Onions With Others' Hands: A First Measurement of Tor Proxies in the Wild","authors":"Dongqi Han, Shangdong Wang, Zhize He, Zhiliang Wang, Wenqi Chen, Chenglong Li, Jiahai Yang, Xingang Shi, Xia Yin","doi":"10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186440","url":null,"abstract":"Tor Proxies are principally designed for allowing users to easily access hidden services in Tor network through standard browsers instead of dedicated software (e.g., Tor Browser), which is user-friendly but at the expense of anonymity. At present, Tor proxies are volunteer-run without any central management. As a result, it still remains unclear the scale and usage of Tor proxies in the wild throughout the Internet. In light of this, we perform the first large-scale measurement study of Tor proxies through passively identifying Tor proxies worldwide and then conduct initial analysis based on the identified Tor proxies. We cooperate with one of the most popular public DNS resolvers and collect passive DNS for the last 4 years with hundreds of billions of raw DNS records per day. To analyze the usage of Tor proxies, we also crawl newly observed webpages of hidden services accessed via Tor proxies for two years. We propose several techniques to identify the Tor proxies and find about 700 historically valid and 130 online Tor proxies in over 30 countries. We also provide several insightful findings and promising directions to motivate future work on this topic.","PeriodicalId":31737,"journal":{"name":"Edutech","volume":"28 7 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75094594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Delay Analysis of TSN Based Industrial Networks With Preemptive Traffic Using Network Calculus 基于TSN的工业网络占优时延分析

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186400

Mohamed A. M. Seliem, A. Zahran, D. Pesch

{"title":"Delay Analysis of TSN Based Industrial Networks With Preemptive Traffic Using Network Calculus","authors":"Mohamed A. M. Seliem, A. Zahran, D. Pesch","doi":"10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186400","url":null,"abstract":"Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) extends traditional Ethernet to support data traffic with ultra-reliability and time-critical requirements for a range of applications in industrial automation, automotive, and aerospace. The TSN standards present guidelines to integrate different types of data traffic over a single converged network. Therefore, it is becoming an enabling technology towards the Industry 4.0 vision of integrating information and operational technologies within future Industrial Internet of Things networks. In this paper, we develop a network calculus based framework to analyse TSN based industrial networks supporting a range of data traffic classes. We apply the framework to study and analyse a well-known industrial use case, Quality Checks After Production (QCAP), with four data traffic types with different requirements in terms of reliability and end-to-end latency. In our evaluation, we validate our framework with a computer simulation model and compare the tightness of the calculated delay bounds to a state-of-the-art approach. We then use our model to analyse the upper bounds on the worst-case delay of the different QCAP traffic types and assess the factors that impact end-to-end delay, e.g. flow offset and critical links. Finally, we compare various credit accumulation rates and their impact on the traffic delay bounds.","PeriodicalId":31737,"journal":{"name":"Edutech","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75794468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Dragonfly: In-Flight CCA Identification 蜻蜓:飞行中的CCA识别

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186432

D. Carmel, I. Keslassy

引用次数: 0

A Multi-Connectivity Architecture with Data Replication for XR Traffic in mmWave Networks 毫米波网络中具有数据复制功能的多连接架构

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186396

Muhammad Affan Javed, Pei Liu, S. Panwar

{"title":"A Multi-Connectivity Architecture with Data Replication for XR Traffic in mmWave Networks","authors":"Muhammad Affan Javed, Pei Liu, S. Panwar","doi":"10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186396","url":null,"abstract":"mmWave communications are paving the way for next generation cellular networks due to their inherent ability to provide high data rates and mitigate interference. However, the intermittency of mmWave links and the advent of low-latency eXtended Reality(XR) applications presents a conundrum for satisfying strict QoS constraints. We propose a multi-tiered multi-connectivity network architecture which exploits mmWave macro-diversity to allow users (UEs) to connect to multiple base stations (gNBs) simultaneously and rapidly switch between them. The power of our proposed architecture lies in multiple tiers of multi-connectivity, wherein we selectively replicate UE data at a subset of associated gNBs in order to improve the response time to blockages. We evaluate the performance of XR traffic with standard scheduling algorithms. Our results show that connecting to multiple gNBs and enabling the scheduler to rapidly switch between them shields the UEs from higher handover delays and minimizes data plane interruptions. Although we show that our network architecture allows for much better performance even with conventional scheduling algorithms, we also highlight the need for better scheduling algorithms optimized for the multi-connectivity paradigm.","PeriodicalId":31737,"journal":{"name":"Edutech","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89228290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Decade Long View of Internet Traffic Composition in Japan 日本互联网流量构成的十年展望

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186393

I. Tsareva, T. Doan, Vaibhav Bajpai

{"title":"A Decade Long View of Internet Traffic Composition in Japan","authors":"I. Tsareva, T. Doan, Vaibhav Bajpai","doi":"10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186393","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet traffic composition has changed considerably over the last decade and continues to evolve as a consequence of several factors. In this paper, we showcase this change taking a holistic view derived from the deployment of new and emerging protocols (QUIC, encrypted DNS), shifting user behavior towards a (more) secure Web, natural incidents (Covid-19 pandemic), and effects of peering with large content delivery hyper-giants (Google) that tend to have both short- and long-lasting impact on Internet traffic. Knowledge of such changing trends is essential for better management of networks and services. To this end, we analyze >6.6 TiB of data collected at a large backbone link in Japan (MAWI dataset) and investigate traffic composition across several months and years. We observe that IPv6 traffic in 2019 represents a volume comparable to that of the total traffic observed in 2007 and is (now) increasingly used to carry Web traffic. Over IPv4, we observe significant growth in encrypted Web traffic with HTTPS-to-HTTP ratio evolving to 2-to-1 in 2019 compared to less than 2% HTTPS share in 2007. Meanwhile, we witness (for the first time) an alteration of the traffic composition on the educational network as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. We observe a vanishing weekday-weekend pattern and a shift towards increased usage of OpenVPN and rsync traffic due to increased remote work. Finally, we also study the impact of Google as a peering entity in the routing ecosystem and observe a significantly increased traffic share of QUIC over both address families, and overall a larger HTTP-to-HTTPS ratio in terms of traffic volume.","PeriodicalId":31737,"journal":{"name":"Edutech","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85318102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Case for Stochastic Online Segment Routing under Demand Uncertainty 需求不确定性下的随机在线分段路由问题

Edutech Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.23919/IFIPNetworking57963.2023.10186361

Jérôme De Boeck, B. Fortz, Stefan Schmid

引用次数: 1

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