Birat Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Fabrication of Feeding Plate in Neonates with Cleft Lip and Palate: Case Series","authors":"Parayash Dallakoti, A. Rai, S. Sundas, B. Koirala, M. Dali, N. Dhakal","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52772","url":null,"abstract":"Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a common craniofacial anomaly which can be syndromic or non-syndromic. In children with CLP, feeding is the biggest concern due to lack of oral seal owing to the presence of clefts in the oral cavity. To achieve a near normal feeding, feeding plates are delivered to restore the separation thus helping to create negative intraoral pressure during suckling. Impression making for the fabrication of feeding plate is incredibly challenging procedure but selection of appropriate impression material, patient positioning during impression making and preparation for management of emergency mishaps can make the procedure easier and safer. Present case series highlights the fabrication and delivery of feeding plates made up of two different materials (Ethylene vinyl acetate and self-cure acrylic resin) in three neonates who were four, fourteen and five days old.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69263831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Effects of Volume-Controlled and Pressure-Controlled Ventilation during Laparoscopic Surgeries in Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital","authors":"Batsalya Arjyal, Kanak Khanal, L. Rajbanshi, A. Bajracharya, Gunjan Regmi","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52756","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The pneumoperitoneum created during laparoscopic surgery has numerous effects on the patient ranging from respiratory to hemodynamics. The two common methods of ventilator are volume control and pressure control. The volume control method has been commonly used during general anesthesia. Pressure control method has been used in intensive care unit for improving the respiratory mechanics. \u0000Objective: The study aims to compare the effects of pressure control to volume control ventilation in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. The hypothesis of the study is that pressure control method improves the respiratory mechanics by decreasing the peak airway pressure and increasing the lung compliance. \u0000 Methodology: The total of 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery were undertaken for this study. The 50 in each group (PCV and VCV) were allotted randomly. As per predicted body weight, the tidal volume was adjusted to 8 ml/kg, for both the modes of ventilation, peep 5 mm of Hg with fio2 of 100% and I:E-1:2,. The variations in peak airway pressure, mean airway pressure, lung compliance, SPO2 and hemodynamic parameters were observed at baseline (T1), at pneumoperitoneum (T2), after 10 minutes of pneumoperitonium (T3) and at 20 minutes after pneumoperitonium (T4). \u0000Results: The pressure control group on comparison to volume control mode group showed significant decrease in peak airway pressure while increase in mean airway pressure and increase in lung compliance at different points of pneumoperitoneum. However there was no significant change in hemodynamics between the two groups in patient undergoing laparoscopic surgery. \u0000Conclusion: We conclude that respiratory mechanics improve when the patient is on pressure control ventilation in compared to volume control method of ventilation. Whereas there is no difference in hemodynamic parameters between the two methods. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45669536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Participation of Male Partners in Antenatal Care attending Antenatal Clinics in Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital","authors":"T. Pradhan, P. Dahal, Jibanath Dhamala, S. Yadav, N. Rathi, Zenith Rauniyar","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52765","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Male partner participation and being prepared of complications and delivery during pregnancy is extremely important for successful pregnancy outcome. \u0000Objective: Objective of this study was to assess Knowledge and participation of male partners in antenatal care attending antenatal clinics at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. \u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional prospective study was done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BMCTH. Male partners accompanying primigravid pregnant lady were included. 150 male partners were included for the study. Knowledge of male partners were assessed using pre-tested questionnaire and the knowledge was scored for poor, average and good. Frequency and percentage were calculated for sociodemographic variables and male partner knowledge questionnaire. \u0000Result: Majority of male partners accompanying wife were educated (96%) and skilled (81.3%). 89.3% were between 20-35 years. Both couples involved in decision making were 48.7% and 85.3% had planned pregnancy. 89.3% had good knowledge about importance of antenatal care, pregnancy complications and delivery preparedness. Knowledge of pregnancy related complication among male partners were significantly related to level of education, age of partner, employed and skilled partner and couple with planned pregnancy. Knowledge of delivery preparedness was significantly related to male partner education, occupation and if couple are making decision in family. Knowledge score of male partners showed significant relation with level of education, involvement in skilled occupations, involvement of couple in decision making. \u0000Conclusion: Knowledge of male partners involved in antenatal care with pregnant lady showed good knowledge of antenatal care events, pregnancy related complication and also showed positive importance of hospital delivery.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46994274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual Disorders and its Effects on Academic Performance among the Nursing Students of PUSHS, Gothgaun","authors":"Sapana Shrestha, S. Manandhar, C. Limbu, Chanchala Kunwar, P. Sinha, R. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52757","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Menstrual cycle is a periodic physiological process in women of childbearing age. Menstrual disorders may affect the daily activities and quality of life among reproductive age group women worldwide. \u0000Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the menstrual disorders and its effects on academic performance among the nursing students of Purbanchal University School of Health Sciences. \u0000Methodology: It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among 170 undergraduate nursing students of Purbanchal University School of Health Sciences, Gothgaun. Proportionate followed by simple random sampling (lottery method) was adopted. Data was collected through self administered method using semi structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 16.0. Female with systemic health problems, any diagnosed pelvic pathology (fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease), positive pregnancy test, and lactating mothers were excluded from the study. \u0000Results: Among 170 respondents, most of them (87.1%) had some form of premenstrual symptoms. Majority of them (77.6%) had dysmenorrhea. There was statistically significant association between dysmenorrhea and academic performance with class absenteeism (p=0.009), lack of concentration in class (p<0.001), not able to prepare for exam (p=0.014), mood swings (p=0.043), difficulty in participating in extracurricular activities and difficulty in public speaking (p=0.007). Premenstrual syndrome was also significantly associated with class absenteeism (p=0.012), sleeping desire during lectures (p=0.031) and mood swings (p=0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Menstrual disorders were significantly high among the nursing students and most of them were suffering from premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. It had significant impact on academic performance of nursing students.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47929787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Training Program to Nurses Regarding Complementary Feeding in Infant and Young Children: An Educational Interventional Study","authors":"P. Kayastha, S. Mathema, Vijay Chikanbanjar, S. Manandhar","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52637","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Under nutrition is an underlying cause of more than one third of global deaths in children below the age of 5 years. Nutrition education is a critical strategy of intervention to improve child complementary feeding practices which will subsequently decrease mortality and morbidity of under-5 children. \u0000Objective: To determine the knowledge of nurses on complementary feeding practices and also provide appropriate training and verify its effectiveness. \u0000Method: It is a hospital based educational interventional study. The time-series was from October 2021 to march 2022 included 24 nursing staff. The nurses underwent one-day training on complementary feeding practices in infant. They were evaluated periodically on their knowledge at four different time points. The effectiveness of training was calculated based on the change in scores, as per mean numeric scores, immediately, 1 and 6 months after the training. \u0000Result: The nurses showed high competence by obtaining above average scores (100%) by all participant immediately after training and remained so after 1 month. The mean test score obtained before training was 15.3 which increased to 23 after training, 21.9 after 1 month and 17.8 after 6 months of training. The differences in mean were statistically significant (p value 0.000). \u0000Conclusion: This training intervention improved knowledge of nurses regarding complementary feeding practices, but improvements need to be strengthened and sustained.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42779526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent Pyrexia in Tetanus: A Case Report from Nepal","authors":"Bikash Khadka, K. Khanal, N. Sharma","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52774","url":null,"abstract":"Tetanus, an infection caused by the gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacillus Clostridium tetani, is still prevalent in developing countries. Fever is an unusual symptom in tetanus. The disease must be managed by preventing tetanospasmin absorption, treating symptoms, stabilizing autonomic instability, using antibiotics, and controlling the airway with assisted ventilation if necessary. We present a case report of a tetanus patient who had persistent pyrexia despite ruling out all the obvious causes of fever ,that coincide with the persistence of muscle spasms and/or use of prolonged duration of benzodiazepines.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42307105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Thyroid Function in Neonates Born to Hypothyroid Mothers","authors":"Nabal Kishor Ray, H. Rimal, Rajnish Mishra, S. Yadav, Ishani Singh","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52771","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism is a preventable cause of intellectual disability in childhood. It is one of the commonest endocrine conditions encountered in the neonatal period.  Maternal Thyroid Status has long been recognized as having an impact on the developing fetus, and more recently a family history of thyroid dysfunction has been implicated as a risk factor in congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Therefore, this study focused on thyroid screening in neonates born to hypothyroid mothers. \u0000Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the thyroid function in neonates born to hypothyroid mothers. \u0000Methodology: This was a hospital based cross-sectional observational prospective study conducted at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital from March 2021 to May 2022.  A total of 109 neonates born to hypothyroid mothers were included in the study. Thyroid functions of these babies were assessed at 72 hours of life. The data was entered into Microsoft offices excel and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS 20).  \u0000Results: Out of 109  neonates born to hypothyroid mothers,  <1%  was found to have a high TSH Level above the upper limit of reference cut off value (20miu/L) and was considered to be abnormal (congenital hypothyroidism). \u0000Conclusion: All the newborns except one had normal TSH levels which were probably due to early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment to the mothers with hypothyroidism.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44885777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical Profile and Outcome of Delirium in Trauma Patients in the Semi-Closed Intensive Care Unit of a Medical College","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar Singh, N. Keyal, Pankaj Chaudhary, Mosarrat Izahar, M. Alam","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52761","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Delirium in trauma patients is common and underdiagnosed. \u0000Objectives: This study aimed to identify the risk factors and outcome of delirium in trauma patients in a mixed semi-closed intensive care unit. \u0000Methodology: This  descriptive cross-sectional study was done on 77 patients of age 18 years or more admitted for more than 24 hours with the history of road traffic accidents, falls, drowning, physical assaults, and self- inflicted violence  in a level three intensive care unit of the National Medical College for six months. The whole sampling method was used in our study and all cases during a given time were included in the study. The Confusion Assessment Method-ICU and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale were used to diagnose delirium and level of arousal respectively. All data was transferred to the excel sheet and transferred to a statistical package for the social sciences-16. The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact probability test were used to detect the difference between groups in the univariate analysis, as appropriate. The variables were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Any variables which had P<0.2 after the univariable risk regression and all other potential variables associated with the delirium were included for the multivariable risk regression. The level of significance was P<0.05. \u0000Result: Of the 77 ICU admissions 17(22.1%) developed delirium. Hyperactive delirium was the most common motor subtype 9(52.9%). The mean duration of delirium was 3.69±4.06 days. Age,  hypertension, blood transfusion, and orthopedic trauma were identified as risk factors for delirium. Delirious patients had a longer length of stay in the ICU (7.0 ±4.6 vs 4.5±4.1 days) with no impact on the duration of mechanical ventilation, mortality, reintubation, and unplanned extubation. \u0000Conclusion: Age, hypertension, blood transfusion and orthopaedic trauma were identified as the risk factor for delirium in trauma patients that should be identified early to prevent complications such as longer length of stay in the ICU, longer duration of mechanical ventilation, mortality, reintubation and unplanned extubation.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49606180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LASERS in Urology","authors":"D. Thakur","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52632","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45797952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of Hematological Diseases treated at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital","authors":"Sulav Sapkota, M. Priyadarshini","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i3.52767","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hematological diseases are increasing day to day in the eastern region of Nepal. There are very few centers providing treatment to hematological diseases patients in the eastern  region of Nepal. \u0000Objectives: The aim of this study is to stratify the types of hematological diseases treated at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital along with their demographic and clinic-pathological features. \u0000Methodology:  This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 21 December 2020 to 20 July 2021 in the Department of Hemato-Oncology. All the clinically as well as laboratorically proven hematological disease patients receiving treatment during the study period were taken as study population. Hematological diseases are blood related diseases like anemia, blood cancers (like leukemia , lymphoma , multiple myeloma) ,hemolytic diseases , coagulation disease ,thrombocytopenia, etc. Data were entered and analyzed in Microsoft Excel version 2010  and IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 respectively. \u0000Result: There were a total of 48 cases who received treatment during the study duration. The mean age of the cases was 50 (range 2-92) years with female gender almost equal to male gender. About 29% cases were involved in tobacco/ smoking . Majority of the cases involved were leukemia (33%), lymphoma (21%) ,hemolytic disease(11%)  and Immune thrombocytopenic purpura(11%) cancer.We have good clinical remission (61%) of the cases, majority of which were non malignant cases. Total 77% of the cases were alive, 4% were referred while 19 % of the cases expired during the study period, majority of which were acute leukemias. \u0000Conclusion:There is a rise of hematological cancer in eastern Nepal and hence there is a need for a comprehensive hematological center in the eastern region of Nepal.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41460352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}