Birat Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Microsurgical Clipping of Giant Saccular Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report","authors":"Mohan Karki, Y. Roka","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45830","url":null,"abstract":"Giant saccular middle cerebral artery aneurysm is rare vascular lesion and few cases have been reported in the literature. Microsurgical clipping is applied to   treat a giant middle cerebral artery aneurysm .A 26 year-male presented with complain severe headache, multiple episodes of vomiting and one episode of sudden loss conscious since few hours prior to admission at emergency department. Cerebral Angiography showed a giant saccular middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm. A standard right pterional approach applied to expose MCA and microsurgical clipping was performed. No any serious neurological complication was noted after surgery except right facial palsy. Patient was discharged at the 12th day of surgery.Endovascular therapy as well as STA-MCA bypass surgery plus clipping are usually applied to manage the giant MCA aneurysm. However, alone microsurgical clipping is also effective and has better result.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45970656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Infection in Pregnancy: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Rajan Mahato, Yogesh Prasad Yadav, Tarun Pradhan","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45821","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is diverse evidence regarding the maternal and fetal effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy. \u0000Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of COVID-19 in mother and fetus during pregnancy. \u0000Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during the second wave of COVID-19 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from April 3 to July 3, 2021. All pregnant women admitted in the antenatal ward were sent real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The patients with RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in the study and followed up until discharged. \u0000Results: The COVID-19 positivity rate was 18.0%.The mean age was 24.38 years. Majority of the patients were asymptomatic (79.7%) Among symptomatic patients, 73.3% had fever and respiratory symptoms and 95.9% of women didn't give any history of contact with COVID-19 patients. After confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, all pregnant women were immediately shifted to COVID ward, another COVID hospital or advised home isolation. Only one patient had pre-existing hypertension. Among the pregnancy complications, preterm labour was seen in 12.2% followed by premature rupture of membranes in 6.8 %, fetal distress in 5.4%, and still birth in 2.7% of the pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The minimum days of hospital stay was one and maximum days of hospital stay were 29 days. Average days of hospital stays was 2.24 days. Only 5.4% of patients who had severe disease required an intensive care unit (ICU) and one patient needed a mechanical ventilator. There was one maternal mortality due to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). \u0000Conclusion: Symptom, clinical course and severity of COVID-19 in pregnancy is comparable with non-pregnant women with COVID-19 but associated with increases the risk of Preterm labour, Premature rupture of membranes, foetal distress and stillbirth.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48740649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in healthy offsprings with parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"S. Pokhrel, Kopila Agrawal, S. Dev, B. Shakya, S. Gajuryal","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45791","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous polygenic metabolic disease condition that is caused by insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia. Since, T2DM is genetically inherited and autonomic dysfunction is its major complications, healthy offsprings of diabetic parents are highly vulnerable to manifest dysautonomia leading to insulin resistance. \u0000Objectives: We aimed to assess cardiac autonomic function using heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in healthy offsprings having parental history of T2DM. \u0000Methodology: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out in the laboratory of department of Physiology enrolling 30 healthy offsprings of non-diabetic parents (Group 1) and 30 healthy offsprings of diabetic parents (Group 2). Anthropometric, biochemical and cardiovascular variables were assessed using standard procedures. Time domain and frequency domain parameters of HRV spectrum were assessed using photoplethysmography principle. \u0000Results: HRV findings revealed that markers of sympathetic regulation were significantly higher and those of parasympathetic function were significantly reduced in subject group having parental history of T2DM. LF/HF ratio was significantly increased suggesting sympatho-vagal imbalance in offspring of diabetic parents even in their euglycemic state. \u0000Conclusion:  Alteration of cardiovascular autonomic function is found in healthy offspring of diabetic parents, characterized by reduced vagal activity and pronounced sympathetic regulation. Assessment of cardiac autonomic function would help in timely detection of such dysautonomia and reducing the life-threatening effects on offspring having parental history of T2DM.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42444785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anemia among Pregnant Women at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital","authors":"Amit Deo, T. Pradhan","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45826","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anemia in pregnancy is associated with many adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. It is the commonest hematological disorder that occurs in pregnancy. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is very high worldwide, especially in developing countries. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence and the factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. \u0000Methodology: A Quantitative, cross-sectional study conducted for 6 months in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. All consecutive pregnant women attending for antenatal checkup in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital were included in the study. Participants with multiple pregnancy, history of recent blood transfusion, chronic kidney disease and other chronic medical diseases were excluded from the study. All participants were advised for Hemoglobin level checkup at first ANC visit as a routine antenatal investigation and questionnaire was asked about the associated risk factors of anemia on predesigned proforma. The collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed by using SPSS version 22. \u0000Results:  The prevalence of anemia was high (58.9%)of which mild anemia (Hb level 9-10.9­ gm/dl) was found in 56.1% of participants, moderate anemia (Hb level 7-8.9­ gm/dl) found in 2.1% of participants and severe anemia (Hb level <7 gm/dl ­) was found in 0.8 % of participants.  Factors statistically associated with anemia in pregnancy were caste, literacy, vegetarian diet of pregnant women. \u0000Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia was found to be very high in pregnancy. Anemia in pregnancy was found to be associated with literacy, socioeconomic status and dietary habits of pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44328923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty among Medical Students of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Gopal Gurung, Mona Pokharel","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45823","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a relatively young surgical specialty with roots in dentistry and medicine. It has expanded with time from simple extraction of the tooth to the reconstruction of the facial deformity using microvascular free tissue transfer.\u0000Objectives: To find out prevalence of awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty among medical students of Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal.\u0000Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 September 2020 to 30 September 2020. A total of 100 medical students were chosen by convenience sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed in Google forms and sent to study participants through an internet link to assess the awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty. Data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.\u0000Results: The data showed that 81 (81%) of medical students have heard of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty. Most of the students expected oral and maxillofacial surgeon for treatment of fracture of the lower jaw [86(86%)], upper jaw [89(89%)] and cheekbone [91(91%)].  Many students expected oral and maxillofacial surgeons to treat tumours of jaws [78(78%], cysts of jaws [77(77%)], temporomandibular joint disorders [74(74%)]. Few students expected oral and maxillofacial surgeon for dental implants [16(16%)] and lip repositioning surgery [4(4%)].\u0000Conclusion: The majority of medical students have heard of Oral and maxillofacial specialty; however, they are not fully aware of the expertise and potentiality of the specialty.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44732370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency among hospitalized Children at tertiary care Hospital in Eastern Part of Nepal","authors":"C. Jha, H. Rimal, R. Subedi, S. Parajuli","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45824","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most significant enzyme defect. It is X linked inherited disorder that affects males and females are rarely affected by lyonization. Severe jaundice, anemia and hemolytic crisis following ingestion of fava beans and certain drugs are known to occur in children with G6PD deficiency.  Therefore, routine neonatal and child screening programs to facilitate the identification and effective management of children with G6PD deficiency is paramount. \u0000Objective:  The main objective of this study is to find out the  hospital prevalence of G6PD deficiency in hospitalized children at Birat Medical College teaching Hospital. \u0000Methodology: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Paediatric, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital  from30th  November 2020 to 30th May 2021. Three hundred children  upto to ten years of age admitted in department of  pediatrics were included in this study.  This study was performed on hospitalized children who were screened for G6PD deficiency. The test was carried out using the Randox G6PD quantitative in vitro test to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency among the admitted children upto 10 years of age.Data was analysed using SPSS version 16. \u0000Results:  This study was performed on 300 children, in which male babies (n=192; 64%) outnumbered the female babies (n=108; 36%). The majority of children were in the age group of < 1 years (n=131; 43.7%).The overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 9.3% of which 96.4% were moderately deficient while 3.6% was severely deficient.The highest proportion was noted in the age group of 1 to 5 years. The frequency of this disorder in males and females were 13.5% and 1.9% respectively which was statistically significant (p=0.001). \u0000Conclusion:  The present study confirms the high prevalence of G6PD deficiency in Eastern Region of Nepal. Therefore, we need to establish routine screening and educational programs in order to prevent grave complications in future.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46862467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Autologous Blood Injection for Treatment of Tennis Elbow","authors":"M. Gupta, Ajay Chaudhary, Ajay Mahato","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45820","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lateral tendinosis of the elbow, sometimes called tennis elbow, refers to the degenerative process in the common source of the extended group of forearm muscles. In orthopedic clinics, it is the most prevalent cause of elbow discomfort and pain. The condition caused by repeated muscular motions is a typical cause of elbow discomfort. \u0000Objectives: To assess the clinical and functional outcomes of autologous blood injection for the treatment of tennis elbow. \u0000Methodology: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study, conducted in Birat Medical College teaching hospital.  Here, the patients diagnosed with a Tennis elbow in orthopedic OPD during the study duration of September 2020 to August 2021 were included in the study. Total 93 samples were studied. Two ml of the patient's blood has withdrawn from the right antecubital vein and has been injected around the affected common extensor tendon origin. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. \u0000Results: Total Ninety Three (59% females, 41% male) patients were treated with the diagnosed concerned disease. The mean age of the patients was 45.39 ± 10.109 years. At the end of the trial, 90% of the patients were satisfied fully with the treatment. The overall performance of the regression model is significant in all scenarios. \u0000Conclusion: Given the satisfactory results, the blood injection in question can be deemed a suitable medication alternative to the conventional therapy.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42815461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of child oral health among parents and caregivers attending Pediatrics OPD at BPKIHS, Dharan","authors":"S. Shrestha, B. Koirala, G. Shah, Abhishek Kumar, D. Baral","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45827","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Parents and caregivers are the key sources responsible for their children’s good health. They are the basic needs-provider and role models as well for their children to learn good oral habits early on. Thus, their awareness about the factors affecting child oral health is an essential component for the well-being of the child.\u0000Objectives: To assess awareness of child oral health among parents and caregivers attending Pediatrics OPD at BPKIHS, Dharan.\u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among conveniently selected 400 parents and caregivers of six months-to-14-year-old children attending Pediatrics OPD, BPKIHS, Dharan. A single interviewer administered pre-tested standardized questionnaires to the participants. The questionnaires consisted of five domains: socio-demographic profile of the participants; child’s oral hygiene practices; child’s feeding and dietary habits; awareness of child’s first dental visit and presence of family dental problems; and child’s dental service utilization. Data were entered in MS excel 2007 and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 11.5. Data analysis included descriptive statistics.\u0000Results: Majority (90%) of the parents and caregivers were literate and 44.3% belonged to the lower-class socioeconomic status. 83.3% of the participants reported that their children took a sugary diet and 77.6% of them brushed once daily before breakfast. 91% of the respondents reported the age of the child’s first dental visit to be any age when there was a dental problem. The awareness of the presence of oral health problems in their child was seen in 29.5%, whereas 18% had made previous dental visits.\u0000Conclusion: Despite the fact that most parents and caregivers reported factors affecting their children's oral health, there was evidence of lack of awareness and, as a result, low utilization of dental services for their children.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49519825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative value of adductor squeeze test in Nepali male professional football players: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Umesh Adhikari, Yubaraz Prasad Sharma Humagain, Rajan Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45799","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Groin pain is a common problem. Adductor squeeze test are used to diagnosed, monitor and prophylactically determine the risk of developing groin pain. \u0000Objectives: The aim of study was to establish normative adductor squeeze test values in Nepali male professional football players. \u0000Methodology: One hundred and sixty-one healthy players from top football clubs attended the study. Hip adductor muscle strength was assessed using sphygmomanometer at 0⁰, 45⁰ and 90⁰ hip flexion. \u0000Results: The mean value of adductor squeeze test score at 0⁰ of hip flexion position was 152.03 ± 33.18, for 45⁰ of hip flexion position was 152.38 ± 27.52 and for 90⁰ of hip flexion position was 120.57 ± 21.88. 45⁰of hip flexion has the highest value of the adductor squeeze test. \u0000Conclusion: This study established reference ranges for adductor squeeze tests for normative pre-season data in Nepali male A-division professional football players.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48856093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical variation of nose and paranasal sinuses among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis on computer tomography","authors":"R. Shah","doi":"10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v7i1.45825","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis is one of the commonest diseases of sinonasal cavity seen in Ear nose throat clinic. Although chronic rhinosinusitis is a clinical diagnosis, CT scan imaging studies helps in accessing the disease and gives a clear anatomy of sinonasal cavity. Chronic rhinosinusitis is a group of disorders that is characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses of at least 12 consecutive weeks duration. There are number of factors that play role in the development of rhinosinusitis, including both host and environmental factors. CRS is a more persistent problem that requires a specific treatment approach. \u0000Methodology: This is a prospective comparative study which was conducted in Department of otorhinolaryngology of Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 1st August 2020-31st Dec 2020. This study was approved by Institutional Review Committee of Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital. 124 patients were taken in the study. The primary objective of the study was to determine the anatomical variation of nose and paranasal sinuses among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis on computer tomography. Informed and written consent was taken from all the subjects participating in the study. \u0000Result: A total of 124 patients was included in the study. Out of which 68 (54.76%) were men and 56 (45.24%) were female. The age of patients with CRS ranged from 15-75 years. Highest number of patients with CRS was in the range of 35- 44 years. Mucosal thickening was more common in maxillary sinus (91.12%) followed by ethmoidal (67.74%), spheniod (55.64%) and frontal (54.03%). \u0000Conclusion: CT scan is the most common tool to know the anatomical variations of the nose and para nasal sinuses. Moreover it is highly recommended for the patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis. CT scan provides all the sinonasal variations and then it becomes easier for the treating physician for better surgical planning and overall management of chronic rhinosinusitis.","PeriodicalId":31640,"journal":{"name":"Birat Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44498672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}