{"title":"Qualitative-Environmental Actions Expected By SMEs from V4 Countries to Improve Products","authors":"D. Siwiec, Krisztina Varga, A. Pacana","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sustainable development encourages companies to anticipate actions that will help reduce their negative impact on the environment, but will also be beneficial to customers in terms of meeting their expectations. Hence, the purpose was to define the actions that can be expected from SMEs from the V4 countries when improving products and minimizing the negative impact on the natural environment. The research tool was a survey, the presented results of which were obtained from March to September 2023. They included 379 SMEs from the Visegrad Group countries, i.e. Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. The results were analyzed using statistical tests performed in STATISTICA 13.3. For this purpose, the ANOVA test (repeated measurement designs) and the Mann Whitney U test were used to analyze statistically significant differences between the test results. Analyzes were performed at the significance level of α=0.05. The analysis showed that entrepreneurs from the V4 countries expect relatively different actions from SMEs when improving products and minimizing the negative impact on the natural environment. The results from the analysis may be useful in planning sustainable activities in SMEs from the V4 countries, so that these activities contribute to improving the quality of products and at the same time minimizing the negative environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"29 8","pages":"28 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Glass and Glass-Ceramic Porous Materials for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Olga Kędzia, M. Lubas, Agata Dudek","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biosilicate glasses and glass-ceramic materials obtained on their basis are an important research area in tissue engineering due to their ability to regenerate bones. The most important features of bioactive glasses include: the ability to biodegrade and high bioactivity. Appropriate porosity, pore size, surface structure and topography, chemical composition and ion release kinetics, as well as mechanical properties enable the adhesion of mesenchymal cells and their differentiation towards osteoblast cells and stimulate further proliferation and angiogenesis. This study concerns the subject of bioglass, in particular Bioglass 45S5 and glass-crystalline porous materials in the context of their properties enabling the reconstruction of bone tissue and possible applications. The article addresses crucial issues of shaping the properties of glass and glasscrystalline porous structures by introducing changes in their composition and the method of their production, and also discusses the importance of foaming agents.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"48 5","pages":"302 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miroslav Žitňák, M. Korenko, Taras Shchur, P. Kiełbasa, Ľuboš Kazán, Magdalena Mazur
{"title":"Risk Management in Manufacturing Practice Using the Point Method","authors":"Miroslav Žitňák, M. Korenko, Taras Shchur, P. Kiełbasa, Ľuboš Kazán, Magdalena Mazur","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study delves into the critical process of risk management within manufacturing environments, emphasizing its role as a perpetual cycle influencing all organizational tiers. The research primarily addresses the identification, analysis, and mitigation of risks in specific occupational roles within a manufacturing company. A comprehensive risk assessment is conducted for these roles both pre and post the introduction of safety protocols. The study's practical application showcased a substantial diminishment of occupational risks, particularly highlighting a 46.37% reduction in the toolmaker-milling role. This significant decrease underscores the efficacy of the implemented safety measures and the importance of continual risk management in maintaining a safe and productive work environment.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"10 5","pages":"318 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Leadership in Industry 4.0","authors":"Inna Balahurovska","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In modern society, the use of technology occurs constantly, and it is already impossible to imagine human life without it. The spread and implementation of artificial intelligence in social processes form a specific interaction between this technology and society. Achieving only positive results from using intelligent software and systems requires awareness and responsibility from people when interacting with smart machines. The managerial responsibility of the leader when using artificial intelligence is an important topic of modern management. The article examines the role of artificial intelligence in the fourth industrial revolution era and considers statistical forecasts regarding its future impact on various spheres of human activity. The author analyzed the features of leadership in modern conditions of technology development and substantiated the specific role of a leader who uses the functions of artificial intelligence in management activities. The author proposed a hierarchical scheme of interaction of the participants of the production process in the organization, which arises when using intelligent systems to achieve the set goals. The main result of the work is the development of a scheme that reveals the need for the formation of a structure in the interaction of the organizational system with the technological potential of artificial intelligence. Using the proposed scheme by practitioners-managers will make it possible to use the latest technological developments as efficiently and safely as possible.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"28 1","pages":"66 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proposal of the E-Services Quality Scale – Preliminary Results","authors":"M. Ingaldi","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Quality plays a crucial role in both e-commerce and online stores because customers expect not only convenient shopping but also satisfaction with products and services. High-quality services and products contribute to increased customer loyalty and the establishment of a positive company image in the competitive online market. In the case of e-commerce, the main attributes considered when evaluating quality are those related to the functioning of the website through which the customer orders products. The main goal of the study was an attempt to compile attributes that would reflect the quality of a specific e-service, especially an e-commerce store, and influence customer satisfaction. Based on the list of attributes, an effort was made to identify those most important to customers. The research results, the importance of individual attributes and groups, further demonstrate what customers pay particular attention to in e-shops and what matters to them. Emphasizing the fulfillment of these attributes is crucial.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"56 8","pages":"160 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norbert Radek, Ł. Orman, Stanislav Honus, J. Pietraszek
{"title":"Critical Analysis of Pool Boiling Correlations","authors":"Norbert Radek, Ł. Orman, Stanislav Honus, J. Pietraszek","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The manuscript describes the problem of boiling heat flux determination with the focus on nucleate boiling mode. It presents the boiling phenomenon on the bare surface and provides a review of the correlations that can be used for modelling purposes. Two most commonly applied correlations were validated against the experimental results. One of them showed significant discrepancies, which might be attributed to the conditions of the research and possible variations in the morphology of the heater. The other correlation proved to be successful in determining heat flux.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"83 1","pages":"258 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zuzana Vranayová, Tetiana M. Tkachenko, Anna Lis, Olena Savchenko, F. Vranay
{"title":"Green Buildings in Pursuit of Healthy and Safe Human Living Environment","authors":"Zuzana Vranayová, Tetiana M. Tkachenko, Anna Lis, Olena Savchenko, F. Vranay","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere resulting from the combustion of fuels in the energy production process and road traffic intensity are a key determinants of poor air quality in cities and the creation of an unfriendly environment for people to live in, which has a significant impact on their safety and health. The first step to reducing emissions is to reduce energy consumption. The ecological effect resulting from the thermal modernization of existing residential building stock was estimated. Nature-based solutions were proposed to compensate for the lost green areas in favor of gray infrastructure in the form of green roofs and walls. The possibility of improving environmental conditions by introducing this type of solutions into the urban tissue was assessed. Depending on the type of vegetation, one m2 of green cover is able to absorb an average of 2.3 kg of CO2 and 0.2 kg of particulate matter from the air per year. Renewable energy sources are an important element of green buildings. Heat pump may be the most advantageous solution in minimizing emissions combined with low operating costs. Obtaining energy from geothermal sources would be equally beneficial in terms of reducing emissions, but there are risks changes in groundwater levels or soil damage. Solar energy is one of the leading renewable energy sources, especially in hot water installations, where it is possible to reduce energy consumption by up to 50%.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"182 11-12","pages":"204 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kalinowski Artur, Radek Norbert, Orman Łukasz, Pietraszek Jacek, Szczepaniak Marcin, Bronček Jozef
{"title":"Laser Surface Texturing: Characteristics and Applications","authors":"Kalinowski Artur, Radek Norbert, Orman Łukasz, Pietraszek Jacek, Szczepaniak Marcin, Bronček Jozef","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Laser surface texturing (LST) has emerged as a versatile and efficient technique for modifying surface properties across various materials. This paper provides an analysis of the characteristics and diverse applications of laser surface texturing. The paper begins by explaining the fundamental principles underlying LST, highlighting the mechanisms involved in material interaction and the resultant surface modifications. It explores the influence of laser parameters such as pulse duration, energy density, and wavelength on the texturing process, emphasizes their impact on surface morphology, roughness, and topographical features. Furthermore, this paper delves into the wideranging applications of LST across different industries and fields. It examines how LST enhances surface functionalities, including improvements in tribological properties, wettability, friction reduction, and biocompatibility. Additionally, the utilization of LST for creating microstructures enabling advanced functionalities in optics, electronics, biomedical devices, and energy harvesting systems is discussed. Moreover, the challenges and future directions in LST technology are highlighted, which encompass advances in precision, scalability, and integration of LST with other manufacturing processes. The potential environmental implications and economic feasibility of LST are also discussed. In summary, this paper examines the characteristics, applications, challenges, and future prospects of laser surface texturing, showcasing its significance as a promising technology for tailoring surface properties across diverse materials and industries.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"57 12","pages":"240 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing Supply Chain in a Foundry Through Computer Simulation Using Flexsim – A Case Study","authors":"M. Krynke","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents the optimization of supply chain management in a foundry using computer simulation with the FlexSim program. The authors analyze collaboration with external entities in the production process, focusing on the settlement of raw materials, transportation services, and storage costs. Special attention is given to the production plans of subcontractors integrated into the operational production schedule. Utilizing the 3D FlexSim environment, they showcase a simulation model optimized for minimizing the costs of production, transportation, and storage of alloying elements essential for iron casting production. The case study illustrates the effective use of computer simulation in refining supply chain management within the context of the foundry production process.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"4 2","pages":"172 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139188384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Waste Generated from Thermal Transformation of Municipal Wate on Selected Properties of Cement Mortar","authors":"A. Pietrzak","doi":"10.2478/czoto-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article analyzes the possibility of using two types of waste from the thermal transformation of municipal waste in the production technology of cement mortars. Fly ash and dust were used in amounts of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of the cement mass as a replacement for sand. In total, 11 series of cement mortars were prepared: a standard control mortar and 10 series of mortars modified with individual waste. The following tests were performed for the prepared samples: bending and compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of maturing, water absorption and consistency testing for fresh mortars. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the use of waste dust and fly ash in the amount of 30% as a replacement for sand reduces the compressive strength by 24.0% and 8.0%, respectively, and the bending strength by 23.6% and 21.5%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":315981,"journal":{"name":"System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment","volume":"179 3","pages":"142 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}