{"title":"Anthropology of spiritual wayfaring on the basis of Qur'ān and the Sunnah","authors":"A. Fadli","doi":"10.5937/kom2203001f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kom2203001f","url":null,"abstract":"Spiritual anthropology is among the most important foundations of Islamic ethics and practical mysticism. In the religious tradition, we can outline a specific structure of anthropology in terms of spiritual wayfaring. The reality of the heart, which is the celestial identity of the human being, extends from its divine facet down to its bodily facet, and consists of the psychical and the spiritual regions. Each of these in turn possesses two kinds of soldiers known as characteristical soldiers and two kinds of strata which are levels of the soul. The psychical region is the lower region of the reality of the heart, wherein sensory and psychical inclinations are dominant. It is inhabited by the soldiers of ignorance (junūd al-jahl) and the two strata of the nature (al-ṭab') and the lower-self (al-nafs) or the vegetative and the animal souls respectively. The spiritual region, on the other hand, which is the higher region of the reality of the heart and is directly connected to the Infinite God inhabits the soldiers of intellect (junūd al-'aql) and the two strata of the spirit (rūḥ) and the secret (sirr) or the sanctified and the divine souls respectively.","PeriodicalId":31566,"journal":{"name":"Kom Casopis za Religijske Nauke","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88217714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study and analysis of the functions of al-Urf in understanding and inferring the religious rules","authors":"Hossein Andalib, A. Mohammadzadeh, Akbari Mahdi","doi":"10.5937/kom2202077a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kom2202077a","url":null,"abstract":"Religious rules in Shiite jurisprudence are inferred from the four sources of the Qur'an, Sunnah, reason and consensus. But, in addition to these sources, some foundations such as common law (al-urf) are also mentioned. Referring to common law is widely used in the words of jurists. Based on it, the question arises here: what are the roles of common law and Irtikazat in common law in understanding and inferring the religious rules? This article seeks to answer this question and tries to study and analyze the functions of common law in understanding and inferring the religious rules. The research hypothesis is that common law and Irtikazat in common law are used in understanding the words of religious arguments, subjecting and de-subjecting of common law for the religious documents, proving or denying some rights and other issues that are used by jurists and lawyers in the process of inferencing. One of the findings of the present study is that most scholars of the Islamic jurisprudence and law have not distinguished between these two foundations. But, it is more correct that common law is considered from the category of objective matter in the practical life of people, while Irtikazat in common law are from the category of subjective matter.","PeriodicalId":31566,"journal":{"name":"Kom Casopis za Religijske Nauke","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74859838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"List of Figures","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvxrq0vn.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvxrq0vn.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31566,"journal":{"name":"Kom Casopis za Religijske Nauke","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90816949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"List of Tables","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvxrq0vn.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvxrq0vn.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31566,"journal":{"name":"Kom Casopis za Religijske Nauke","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87114070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From the court theorist to a social critic: An analysis of Muhammad Ghazali's social thought","authors":"Muamer Halilović","doi":"10.5937/kom1903001h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kom1903001h","url":null,"abstract":"In the years when the Seljuks practically ruled the Muslim caliphate and built their institutions unobstructedly even in Baghdad, one of the greatest representatives of Islamic thought, Muhammad Ghazali, emerged. Known among historians of science for his encyclopaedic knowledge, Ghazali often addressed social topics and issues in his works. The great Seljuk vizier Nizam al-Mulk had great confidence in him, both because of his unquestionable scientific and intellectual readiness, and because of the similar ideological views they both championed. Specifically, they both followed the Shafi'i law school, while in theological terms they strongly advocated Asharite views. This was true, however, in the early period of Ghazali's life, which is why Nizam offered him to be the rector of the Nizamiyyah University he had recently built in Baghdad. This conceptual resemblance suited Nizam perfectly, because, when founding the university, his idea was to affirm the Shafi'i and Asharite conceptual platform in an academic and scientific way. However, Ghazali's life did not remain uniform until the end. Several reasons led to a great cognitive, intellectual and spiritual change in Ghazali. During the crisis he was going through, Ghazali decided to change his lifestyle completely. He left Baghdad and embarked on a journey without a clear destination, which lasted for several years and finally ended with a pilgrimage to Mecca. During his journey and the crisis of his life, he decided to reconstruct seriously his approach to political as well as social engagement in general. He preferred a lonely life away from the hustle and bustle of the city. Some historians believe that this change also influenced his social theory. To confirm their point of view, they frequently refer to a book he wrote in the last years of his life, in which he often deviates from his primary views related to social topics. How right are these historians? Do we really notice any revolutionary change in social attitudes in Ghazali's life and his works? In this paper, we will try to find the answers to these questions.","PeriodicalId":31566,"journal":{"name":"Kom Casopis za Religijske Nauke","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84338991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}