The American journal of clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Reply to P Elwood et al","authors":"Qi Sun, F. Hu","doi":"10.1093/AJCN/87.5.1541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN/87.5.1541","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124838062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to TJ Cole et al","authors":"D. Lawlor, G. Smith, M. Kivimäki","doi":"10.1093/AJCN/87.5.1536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN/87.5.1536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127336116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome and the onset of cancer. Proceedings of the 8th Postgraduate Nutrition Symposium. March 15-16, 2006. Boston, Massachusetts, USA.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"s811-93"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27306346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings of the Conference: Maternal Nutrition and Optimal Infant Feeding Practices, February 23-24, 2006, Houston, Texas, USA.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"573S-645S"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2007-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26197067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NIH State-of-the-Science Conference: Multivitamin/Mineral Supplements and Chronic Disease Prevention, May 15-17, 2006, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"251S-327S"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26535602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High gestational weight gain does not improve birth weight in a cohort of African American adolescents.","authors":"J. N. Nielsen, K. O’Brien, F. Witter, Shih-chen Chang, Jeri Mancini, Maureen Schulman Nathanson, L. Caulfield","doi":"10.1097/01.OGX.0000243903.87056.7E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.OGX.0000243903.87056.7E","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Because pregnant African American women and teens are at risk of low birth weight, they are frequently counseled to strive for gestational weight gains at the upper limits of the Institute of Medicine's recommended ranges.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The objective was to examine whether such weight gains improve birth outcomes in a cohort of disadvantaged African American adolescents of low (<19.8), average (> or =19.8 to < or =26.0), or high (>26) prepregnancy body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2).\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000Data were extracted from the medical charts of 1120 African American adolescents who received prenatal care at an inner-city maternity clinic between 1990 and 2000 and analyzed by using analysis of covariance and multivariate regression methods.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Data were available for 815 adolescents, 711 of whom delivered at term (> or =37 wk). Fifty-eight percent (n = 409) of all term deliveries and 74% of the high-BMI adolescents (n = 126) had gains in the upper half of or above the recommended ranges. For all BMI groups, the most significant differences in birth outcomes were found in comparisons of teens who gained below the recommended ranges with those who gained in the lower half of the recommendation range. Further gains were not clearly beneficial, particularly for infants of high-BMI mothers.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000African American adolescents entering pregnancy underweight or at average weight should be counseled to gain within the recommended ranges, whereas overweight adolescents need support to avoid excessive gestational weight gain. Such advice would be prudent in light of the known associations between obesity and the increased likelihood of chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115340492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern is positively associated with plasma adiponectin concentrations in diabetic women.","authors":"Christos S Mantzoros, Catherine J Williams, Joann E Manson, James B Meigs, Frank B Hu","doi":"10.1093/ajcn/84.1.328","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajcn/84.1.328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the typical diet of the Mediterranean region has received much recognition over the past several years for its association with substantial health benefits, it remains unknown whether its favorable effects are mediated through changes in adiponectin concentrations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to determine whether adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet is associated with higher plasma adiponectin concentrations.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a prospective and cross-sectional evaluation of plasma adiponectin concentrations and dietary data from 987 diabetic women from the Nurses' Health Study who had no history of cardiovascular disease at the time blood was drawn in 1990.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women who scored highest on a 9-point scale that measures adherence to a Mediterranean-type dietary pattern tended to be older, were less likely to be current smokers, had lower body mass indexes and waist circumferences, and had higher total energy intakes, physical activities, and plasma adiponectin concentrations than did women with the lowest scores. Median plasma adiponectin concentrations were 23% higher in women who most closely followed a Mediterranean-type diet than in low adherers after adjustment for age and energy intake (P < 0.01). Body composition, lifestyle, and medical history explained some, but not all, of the observed association between diet and adiponectin concentrations because high adherers tended to have greater adiponectin concentrations than did moderate or low adherers, even after adjustment for these variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that, of the several components of the Mediterranean dietary pattern score, alcohol, nuts, and whole grains show the strongest association with adiponectin concentrations. Close adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet is associated with higher adiponectin concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"328-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26188650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy: an ongoing epidemic.","authors":"Bruce W Hollis,&nbsp;Carol L Wagner","doi":"10.1093/ajcn/84.1.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/84.1.273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"273"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ajcn/84.1.273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26188744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relations of total physical activity and intensity to fitness and fatness in children: the European Youth Heart Study.","authors":"Jonatan R Ruiz,&nbsp;Nico S Rizzo,&nbsp;Anita Hurtig-Wennlöf,&nbsp;Francisco B Ortega,&nbsp;Julia Wärnberg,&nbsp;Michael Sjöström","doi":"10.1093/ajcn/84.1.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/84.1.299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is unclear how the amount and intensity of physical activity (PA) are associated with cardiovascular fitness (CVF) and body fatness in children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to examine the associations of total PA and intensity levels to CVF and fatness in children.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 780 children aged 9-10 y from Sweden and Estonia was conducted. PA was measured by accelerometry and was expressed as min/d of total PA, moderate PA, and vigorous PA. CVF was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test and was expressed as W/kg. Body fat was derived from the sum of 5 skinfold-thickness measurements. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the degree to which variance in CVF and body fat was explained by PA, after control for age, sex, and study location.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower body fat was significantly associated with higher levels of vigorous PA, but not with moderate or total PA. Those children who engaged in >40 min vigorous PA/d had lower body fat than did those who engaged in 10-18 min vigorous PA/d. Total PA, moderate PA, and vigorous PA were positively associated with CVF. Those children who engaged in >40 min vigorous PA/d had higher CVF than did those who accumulated <18 min vigorous PA/d.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that PA of vigorous intensity may have a greater effect on preventing obesity in children than does PA of lower intensity, whereas both total and at least moderate to vigorous PA may improve children's CVF.</p>","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"299-303"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ajcn/84.1.299","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26188646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oral vitamin B-12 with or without folic acid on cognitive function in older people with mild vitamin B-12 deficiency: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Simone J Eussen,&nbsp;Lisette C de Groot,&nbsp;Liesbeth W Joosten,&nbsp;Rubia J Bloo,&nbsp;Robert Clarke,&nbsp;Per M Ueland,&nbsp;Jörn Schneede,&nbsp;Henk J Blom,&nbsp;Willibrord H Hoefnagels,&nbsp;Wija A van Staveren","doi":"10.1093/ajcn/84.1.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/84.1.361","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Vitamin B-12 deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment in older people. However, evidence from randomized trials of the effects of vitamin B-12 supplementation on cognitive function is limited and inconclusive.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The objective was to investigate whether daily supplementation with high doses of oral vitamin B-12 alone or in combination with folic acid has any beneficial effects on cognitive function in persons aged >/=70 y with mild vitamin B-12 deficiency.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 195 subjects were randomly assigned to receive 1000 microg vitamin B-12, 1000 microg vitamin B-12 + 400 microg folic acid, or placebo for 24 wk. Vitamin B-12 status was assessed on the basis of methylmalonic acid, total homocysteine (tHcy), and holotranscobalamin (holoTC) concentrations before and after 12 and 24 wk of treatment. Cognitive function was assessed before and after 24 wk of treatment with the use of an extensive neuropsychologic test battery that included the domains of attention, construction, sensomotor speed, memory, and executive function.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Vitamin B-12 status did not change significantly after treatment in the placebo group; however, oral vitamin B-12 supplementation corrected mild vitamin B-12 deficiency. Vitamin B-12 + folic acid supplementation increased red blood cell folate concentrations and decreased tHcy concentrations by 36%. Improvement in memory function was greater in the placebo group than in the group who received vitamin B-12 alone (P = 0.0036). Neither supplementation with vitamin B-12 alone nor that in combination with folic acid was accompanied by any improvement in other cognitive domains.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Oral supplementation with vitamin B-12 alone or in combination with folic acid for 24 wk does not improve cognitive function.","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"361-70"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ajcn/84.1.361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26190170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}