SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2218292
G. Stutz
{"title":"High speed printing with polygon scan heads","authors":"G. Stutz","doi":"10.1117/12.2218292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2218292","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce and in many cases eliminate the costs associated with high volume printing of consumer and industrial products, this paper investigates and validates the use of the new generation of high speed pulse on demand (POD) lasers in concert with high speed (HS) polygon scan heads (PSH). Associated costs include consumables such as printing ink and nozzles, provisioning labor, maintenance and repair expense as well as reduction of printing lines due to high through put. Targets that are applicable and investigated include direct printing on plastics, printing on paper/cardboard as well as printing on labels. Market segments would include consumer products (CPG), medical and pharmaceutical products, universal ID (UID), and industrial products. In regards to the POD lasers employed, the wavelengths include UV(355nm), Green (532nm) and IR (1064nm) operating within the repetition range of 180 to 250 KHz.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116346299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2209663
M. Scaggs, G. Haas
{"title":"Real time M2 and beam parameter product measurement using GigE CMOS sensors","authors":"M. Scaggs, G. Haas","doi":"10.1117/12.2209663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2209663","url":null,"abstract":"The ISO 11146-1 standard for measurement of a laser’s M-square requires the minimum measurement of five (5) spatial profiles within the first Rayleigh range and an addition five (5) outside the second Rayleigh range. The first five spatial profiles within the first Rayleigh range establish the beam waist and its location; the second five beyond the second Rayleigh range establish the divergence or convergence from the focusing lens for the M-square computation. The majority of methods used to date are all time averaged and as such are incapable of a real time M-square measurement. We present an ISO 11146-1 compliant method for measuring single shot M-square or beam parameter product values or the measurement of continuous wave sources at rates greater than five frames per second utilizing a pair of GigE based CMOS sensors. One GigE CMOS sensor is setup to measure the minimum of five spots within the first Rayleigh range for the establishment of the beam waist and its location. A second GigE CMOS sensor is setup to measure the five spatial profiles beyond the second Rayleigh range for the determination of the beam divergence from the focusing lens. Both GigE cameras utilize optics that passively create multiple spatial time slices of the beam and superimpose these time slices on the CMOS sensor in real time resulting in the ability to make single pulse measurements or continuous wave measurements at speeds of greater than five frames per second with full ISO 11146-1 compliance.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"186 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120870516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2214889
A. Kiraz, Qiushu Chen, M. Aas, A. Jonáš, Xudong Fan
{"title":"Quantum dot optofluidic lasers and their prospects for biochemical sensing","authors":"A. Kiraz, Qiushu Chen, M. Aas, A. Jonáš, Xudong Fan","doi":"10.1117/12.2214889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2214889","url":null,"abstract":"We achieved four types of laser emissions with quantum dots (QDs) using the same high-Q-factor optofluidic ring resonator (OFRR) platform. In the first type, 2 μM QDs dissolved in toluene that filled the entire OFRR cavity volume were employed as the gain medium. The lasing threshold was 15-22 μJ/mm2. In the second type, 2 μM aqueous QDs were in bulk buffer solution that filled the entire OFRR cavity volume. The lasing threshold was 0.1 μJ/mm2, over 3 orders of magnitude lower than the state-of-the-art. In the third type, the aqueous QDs were immobilized as a single layer on the interface between the OFRR inner wall and buffer solution with a surface density as low as 3×109 − 1010cm−2. The lasing threshold of 60 μJ/mm2 was achieved. In the fourth type, we achieved optofluidic FRET lasing using aqueous QDs as FRET donors and Cy5 dye molecules as acceptors. We observed lasing from Cy5 emission band in QD-Cy5 pair when excited at QD absorption band, far away from Cy5 absorption maximum. We also report a comprehensive theoretical analysis of optofluidic FRET lasers that was performed based on a Fabry-Perot microcavity using a rate equation model. By comparing FRET lasingbased sensors with conventional sensors using FRET signals obtained by spontaneous fluorescence emission, we show that for optimal pump fluence and FRET pair concentration, FRET lasing can lead to more than 20-fold enhancement in detection sensitivities of conformation changes for linker lengths in the Förster radius range.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121367120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2213977
Xiaoning Li, Jingwei Wang, D. Hou, Zhiqiang Nie, Xingsheng Liu
{"title":"Packaging of hard solder 500W QCW diode laser array","authors":"Xiaoning Li, Jingwei Wang, D. Hou, Zhiqiang Nie, Xingsheng Liu","doi":"10.1117/12.2213977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2213977","url":null,"abstract":"The package structure critically influences the major characteristics of diode laser, such as thermal behavior, output power, wavelength and smile effect. In this work, a novel micro channel cooler (MCC) for stack array laser with good heat dissipation capability and high reliability is presented. Numerical simulations of thermal management with different MCC structure are conducted and analyzed. Based on this new MCC packaging structure, a series of QCW 500W high power laser arrays with hard solder packaging technology has been fabricated. The performances of the laser arrays are characterized. A narrow spectrum of 3.12 nm and an excellent smile value are obtained. The lifetime of the laser array is more than 1.38×109 shots and still ongoing.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116620791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2222003
A. Kudryashov, V. Samarkin, A. Aleksandrov, G. Borsoni, T. Jitsuno, P. Romanov, J. Sheldakova
{"title":"Largest in the world bimorph deformable mirror for high-power laser beam correction","authors":"A. Kudryashov, V. Samarkin, A. Aleksandrov, G. Borsoni, T. Jitsuno, P. Romanov, J. Sheldakova","doi":"10.1117/12.2222003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2222003","url":null,"abstract":"The deformable mirror with the size of 410x468 mm controlled by the bimorph piezoceramic plates and multilayer piezoceramic stacks was developed. The results of the measurements of the response functions of all the actuators and of the surface shape of the deformable mirror are presented in this paper. The study of the mirror with a Fizeau interferometer and a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor has shown that it was possible to improve the flatness of the surface down to a residual roughness of 0.033 μm (RMS). The possibility of correction of the aberrations in high power lasers was numerically demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123517429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2217044
A. Vainsencher, K. Satzinger, G. Peairs, A. Cleland
{"title":"Using mechanics to convert between microwave and optical frequencies","authors":"A. Vainsencher, K. Satzinger, G. Peairs, A. Cleland","doi":"10.1117/12.2217044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2217044","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate unique piezoelectric optomechanical devices able to coherently transfer microwave electrical signals to modulated optical signals, and vice versa, transferring modulated optical signals to microwave electrical signals. This coherent bilateral transfer, demonstrated most recently in a single device design, holds promise for the eventual demonstration of coherent transfer in the quantum domain. The basis of design for the devices with which this was accomplished is an optomechanical crystal that supports co-located optical and mechanical resonant modes, coupled to one other via moving boundary (index of refraction) modulation, either induced by motion from energy in the mechanical mode, or by optical pressure due to energy in the optical mode. The basis for coupling microwave mechanical motion to microwave electrical signals is via the use of a piezoelectric material for the entire device, where transduction itself is accomplished using metal transducers remote from the optomechanical structure. This remote design minimizes the lossy interaction of any optical signals with the metal electrode structures, but introduces the need to couple the electromechanical transducer to the optomechanical transducer via itinerant phonons, which presents a new challenge.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122612781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2212527
T. Müller, Christian Schlette, Shunmuganathan Lakshmanan, S. Haag, D. Zontar, S. Sauer, C. Wenzel, C. Brecher, J. Roβmann
{"title":"Model-based adhesive shrinkage compensation for increased bonding repeatability","authors":"T. Müller, Christian Schlette, Shunmuganathan Lakshmanan, S. Haag, D. Zontar, S. Sauer, C. Wenzel, C. Brecher, J. Roβmann","doi":"10.1117/12.2212527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2212527","url":null,"abstract":"The assembly process of optical components consists of two phases – the alignment and the bonding phase. Precision - or better process repeatability - is limited by the latter one. The limitation of the alignment precision is given by the measurement equipment and the manipulation technology applied. Today’s micromanipulators in combination with beam imaging setups allow for an alignment in the range of far below 100nm. However, once precisely aligned optics need to be fixed in their position. State o f the art in optics bonding for laser systems is adhesive bonding with UV-curing adhesives. Adhesive bonding is a multi-factorial process and thus subject to statistical process deviations. As a matter of fact, UV-curing adhesives inherit shrinkage effects during their curing process, making offsets for shrinkage compensation mandatory. Enhancing the process control of the adhesive bonding process is the major goal of the activities described in this paper. To improve the precision of shrinkage compensation a dynamic shrinkage prediction is envisioned by Fraunhofer IPT. Intense research activities are being practiced to gather a deeper understanding of the parameters influencing adhesive shrinkage behavior. These effects are of different nature – obviously being the raw adhesive material itself as well as its condition, the bonding geometry, environmental parameters like surrounding temperature and of course process parameters such as curing properties. Understanding the major parameters and linking them in a model-based shrinkage-prediction environment is the basis for improved process control. Results are being deployed by Fraunhofer in prototyping, as well as volume production solutions for laser systems.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126136579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2217078
G. Pitz, D. Stalnaker, E. Guild, Benjamin Q. Oliker, P. Moran, S. Townsend, D. Hostutler
{"title":"Advancements in flowing diode pumped alkali lasers","authors":"G. Pitz, D. Stalnaker, E. Guild, Benjamin Q. Oliker, P. Moran, S. Townsend, D. Hostutler","doi":"10.1117/12.2217078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2217078","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple variants of the Diode Pumped Alkali Laser (DPAL) have recently been demonstrated at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). Highlights of this ongoing research effort include: a) a 571W rubidium (Rb) based Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) with a gain (2α) of 0.48 cm-1, b) a rubidium-cesium (Cs) Multi-Alkali Multi-Line (MAML) laser that simultaneously lases at both 795 nm and 895 nm, and c) a 1.5 kW resonantly pumped potassium (K) DPAL with a slope efficiency of 50%. The common factor among these experiments is the use of a flowing alkali test bed.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126362892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2211757
Pengfei Wang, R. Madugani, Haoyu Zhao, J. Ward, Yong Yang, G. Farrell, G. Brambilla, S. Nic Chormaic
{"title":"Development of packaged silica microspheres coupled with tapered optical microfibres","authors":"Pengfei Wang, R. Madugani, Haoyu Zhao, J. Ward, Yong Yang, G. Farrell, G. Brambilla, S. Nic Chormaic","doi":"10.1117/12.2211757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2211757","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, we present a packaged add–drop filter composed of a silica microsphere resonator and a strongly coupled optical microfiber coupler. A one-step fabrication process using UV curable epoxy is shown to stabilize the microsphere resonator coupled to the microfiber coupler, which is used as add and drop ports. A high Q-factor of 3×107 is obtained at around 780 nm from the packaged microspheres coupled with the microfiber coupler in the add–drop configuration.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114334031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SPIE LASEPub Date : 2016-04-22DOI: 10.1117/12.2212466
Myung-Gi Ji, Byung-Hee Son, Tae-Ryong Kim, M. Jung, H. Kim, Chil-Min Kim, K. Oh, Young-Wan Choi
{"title":"Optical heterodyne detection for ultra-high Q micro-disk laser sensor","authors":"Myung-Gi Ji, Byung-Hee Son, Tae-Ryong Kim, M. Jung, H. Kim, Chil-Min Kim, K. Oh, Young-Wan Choi","doi":"10.1117/12.2212466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2212466","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a bio-sensing method using optical heterodyne detection for ultra-high Q micro-disk laser (MDL) sensor platform. MDL structure with ultra-high Q-factor (> 108) has advantage in detecting a small variation of the lasing wavelength. For example, when a single molecule is attached to sidewall of MDL, the lasing wavelength is changed by sub-pm. Optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) has limits to detect sub-pm variation in the resonant wavelength because of the spectral resolution. In order to overcome this limitation, we used a heterodyne detection method which needs two MDLs with the same characteristics.","PeriodicalId":314691,"journal":{"name":"SPIE LASE","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129130569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}