Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Core–Shell Magnetic Nanomaterials in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy 核壳磁性纳米材料在医学诊断和治疗中的应用
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0169
M. Melancon, Chun Li
{"title":"Core–Shell Magnetic Nanomaterials in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy","authors":"M. Melancon, Chun Li","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0169","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000Synthesis \u0000Formation of the Magnetic Core \u0000Coprecipitation from Solution \u0000Thermal Decomposition \u0000Microemulsions \u0000Pyrolysis \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Formation of the Core–Shell Structure \u0000Inorganic Core with Organic Shell \u0000Inorganic Core with Inorganic Shell \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Applications: Magnetic Resonance Imaging \u0000Applications: Hyperthermia and Thermal Ablation \u0000Passive Targeting \u0000Dextran-Coated Magnetite \u0000Aminosilan-Coated Magnetic Particles \u0000Magnetic Cationic Liposomes \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Active Targeting \u0000Antibodies \u0000Peptides \u0000Folic Acid \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Laser-Induced Hyperthermia/Thermal Ablation Therapy \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Application: Drug Delivery \u0000Summary and Perspectives \u0000Acknowledgments \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000nanomaterials; \u0000core–shell structure; \u0000magnetic resonance imaging; \u0000thermal ablation; \u0000targeting; \u0000drug delivery","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"287 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123449986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Preparation, Characterization, and Potential Biomedical Applications of Nanostructured Zirconia Coatings and Films 纳米氧化锆涂层和薄膜的制备、表征和潜在的生物医学应用
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0185
Xuanyong Liu, Xu Ying, P. Chu
{"title":"Preparation, Characterization, and Potential Biomedical Applications of Nanostructured Zirconia Coatings and Films","authors":"Xuanyong Liu, Xu Ying, P. Chu","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0185","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000Preparation and Characterization of Nano-ZrO2 Films \u0000Cathodic Arc Plasma Deposition \u0000Plasma Spraying \u0000Sol–Gel Methods \u0000Electrochemical Deposition \u0000Anodic Oxidation and Micro-Arc Oxidation \u0000Magnetron Sputtering \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Bioactivity of Nano-ZrO2 Coatings and Films \u0000Cell Behavior on Nano-ZrO2 Coatings and Films \u0000Applications of Nano-ZrO2 Films to Biosensors \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000zirconia; \u0000nanostructured; \u0000coating; \u0000film; \u0000biomedical; \u0000bioactivity; \u0000biosensor","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116941555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Magnetosomes: Bacterial Biosynthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Potential Biomedical Applications 磁小体:细菌生物合成磁性纳米颗粒及其潜在的生物医学应用
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0173
Sarah S. Staniland
{"title":"Magnetosomes: Bacterial Biosynthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Potential Biomedical Applications","authors":"Sarah S. Staniland","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0173","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000Magnetic Nanoparticles for Medical Applications \u0000Introduction \u0000Requirements and Specifications for Biomedical Applications \u0000Safety Aspects \u0000Magnetic Properties \u0000Particle Size and Shape \u0000Particle Coatings \u0000 \u0000 \u0000General Synthetic Methods \u0000Precipitation \u0000Thermal Decomposition \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000What Is Biomineralization? Biogenic Inorganic Materials \u0000Magnetosomes: Biomineralization in Magnetic Bacteria \u0000Bacteria Characterization \u0000Magnetosome Characterization \u0000Magnetosome Formation \u0000Proteomics \u0000Genetics \u0000Mechanism \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Progress and Applications of Novel Biomedical Magnetosome Materials \u0000The Future for Biomedical Magnetosomes \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000biomineralization; \u0000magnetite nanoparticles; \u0000magnetosomes; \u0000customized uniform particles; \u0000biomedical applications; \u0000in vitro magnetic separation; \u0000magnetic targeted therapies","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116501260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Nanomaterials for Radiation Therapy 纳米材料用于放射治疗
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0197
K. Sheng, Wensha Yang
{"title":"Nanomaterials for Radiation Therapy","authors":"K. Sheng, Wensha Yang","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0197","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000A Brief Introduction to Radiation Therapy, and its Limitations \u0000Physical Radiosensitizers \u0000Enhanced Radiation Therapy Using High Z but Non-Nanoscaled Materials \u0000Enhanced Radiation Therapy by Gold Nanoparticles \u0000Dose Enhancement of Physical Radiosensitizers \u0000Radiation Therapy Enhancement Using Nonionizing Radiation \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Radiation Therapy in Combination with Photodynamic Therapy Using Semiconductor Nanoparticles as the Energy Mediator \u0000Photodynamic Therapy \u0000Semiconductor Nanoparticles as the Energy Mediator for Photodynamic Therapy \u0000Quantum Dots \u0000Photoluminescent Nanoparticles in Radiation Therapy \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Nanobrachytherapy \u0000Liposomes \u0000Nanoparticles \u0000Dendrimers \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Nanoparticles as Radioprotectors \u0000Radiation Dosimeters Using Semiconductor Nanomaterials \u0000Conclusions \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000semiconductive nanoparticles; \u0000radiation therapy; \u0000radiosensitizer; \u0000radioenhancer; \u0000radioprotector; \u0000radiation detector; \u0000radiopharmaceutical","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126624282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Multiplexed Detection with Magnetic Nanoparticles 磁性纳米颗粒的多路检测
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0164
Robert Wilson
{"title":"Multiplexed Detection with Magnetic Nanoparticles","authors":"Robert Wilson","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0164","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000Magnetism and Magnetic Particles \u0000Separating and Mixing Magnetic Particles \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Planar Arrays \u0000Rotating Discs \u0000Diagnostic Devices \u0000Bio-Barcode Assays Based on Magnetic Microspheres \u0000Spectrally Encoded Suspension Arrays of Magnetic Microspheres \u0000Magnetically Encoded Suspension Arrays \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Summary and Conclusions \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000multi-analyte; \u0000arrays; \u0000sensors; \u0000giant magnetoresistive; \u0000Hall; \u0000SQUID; \u0000encoded; \u0000microspheres","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132783765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Quantum Dots for Targeted Tumor Imaging 量子点用于肿瘤靶向成像
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0192
Eue-Soon Jang, Xiaoyuan Chen
{"title":"Quantum Dots for Targeted Tumor Imaging","authors":"Eue-Soon Jang, Xiaoyuan Chen","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0192","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular imaging is a key component of twenty-first century cancer management. In particular, quantum dot (QD) technology plays a key role in molecular imaging. Over the past decade, various QDs with core–shell and core–shell–shell structures with fluorescence emission from the UV to near-infrared region have been investigated by pioneering studies in chemical synthesis. Moreover, numerous studies on QDs for in vitro and in vivo molecular imaging led to the advancement of QD surface modification, coating, biocompatibility, sensitivity, multiplexing, targeting specificity, as well as important findings regarding their toxicity and clinical applicability. In this chapter, the goal is to provide the basics of QDs and their applications for diagnostic cancer imaging, as well as details of QD design and bioconjugation chemistries to target cancers. In addition, the recent literature on QD technology will be highlighted, and the benefits, challenges, limitations, and future scopes of QD technology, in both in vitro and in vivo tumor imaging applications, described.Keywords:type-I quantum dot;reverse type-I quantum dot;type-II quantum dot;surface modification;tumor;passive targeting;active targeting;molecular imaging","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131311040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magnetic Nanomaterials as MRI Contrast Agents 磁性纳米材料作为MRI造影剂
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0166
Y. Gun’ko, D. Brougham
{"title":"Magnetic Nanomaterials as MRI Contrast Agents","authors":"Y. Gun’ko, D. Brougham","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0166","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000Classification of Magnetic Nanomaterials Used for MRI Applications \u0000Magnetic Oxide-Based Nanoparticles \u0000Magnetic Metal- and Alloy-Based Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents \u0000Rare Earth Metal-Loaded Nanoparticulate Contrast Agents \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Coating and Surface Functionalization of Magnetic Nanoparticles \u0000Surface Modification with Monomeric Stabilizers \u0000Modification Using Polymeric Stabilizers \u0000Modification Using Inorganic Coatings \u0000Vectorization of Magnetic Nanomaterials for Targeted Imaging \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Properties and Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticle Suspensions \u0000Characterizing the Suspensions \u0000Nanoparticle Size: Transmission Electron Microscopy \u0000Magnetic Properties: Magnetometry \u0000Hydrodynamic Size: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy \u0000Magnetic Resonance Properties: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Dispersion \u0000 \u0000 \u0000NMR Relaxation in the Presence of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles \u0000SPM Theory Applied to Suspensions of Nanoparticle Clusters \u0000General Application of Relaxation Time Measurements \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Application of Magnetic Nanomaterials in MRI \u0000Current Clinical Applications \u0000Gastrointestinal Tract and Bowel Imaging \u0000Liver and Spleen Imaging \u0000Lymph Node Imaging \u0000Bone Marrow Imaging \u0000Brain Imaging \u0000Blood Pool Imaging and MR Angiography \u0000Atherosclerosis Imaging \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Potential Clinical Applications \u0000Cellular Labeling and Tracking \u0000Molecular Imaging \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Summary and Future Outlook \u0000Improved Imaging Methods \u0000Improved Imaging Hardware \u0000Improved Contrast Agents \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000magnetic nanoparticles; \u0000magnetic resonance imaging; \u0000iron oxide nanoparticles; \u0000USPIO; \u0000clinical applications; \u0000molecular imaging; \u0000cellular labeling","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115608682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Magnetic Nanomaterials for In Vivo and In Vitro Cancer Diagnostics 磁性纳米材料用于体内和体外癌症诊断
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0167
Kelly Y. Kim
{"title":"Magnetic Nanomaterials for In Vivo and In Vitro Cancer Diagnostics","authors":"Kelly Y. Kim","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0167","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000Physico-Chemical Properties of Magnetic Nanoparticles \u0000Surface Coating for Improved Biocompatibility and Bioavailability \u0000MRI for In Vivo Diagnostics \u0000Principles of MRI \u0000SPIOs as MRI Contrast Agents \u0000Specific Targeting of Tumors for Imaging \u0000 \u0000 \u0000MRI for the Monitoring of Treatment \u0000Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles in In Vitro Diagnostics \u0000Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Improvements on Immunoassays \u0000Electrochemical Immunoassays \u0000Immunoassays Using Magnetic Luminescent Nanoparticles (MLNPs) \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Magnetic Relaxation Switch (MRSw) Biosensors for Multi-Sample Analysis \u0000DNA Sequence Detection by Brownian Relaxation Frequency Measurement \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells \u0000Aptamers as an Alternative to Antibodies \u0000Conclusions \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000cancer diagnosis; \u0000magnetic nanoparticles; \u0000immunoassays; \u0000circulating tumor cells","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128787667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Approaches to the Biofunctionalization of Spherical and Anisotropic Iron Oxide Nanomaterials 球形和各向异性氧化铁纳米材料的生物功能化研究
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2011-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0176
C. Thode, M. E. Williams
{"title":"Approaches to the Biofunctionalization of Spherical and Anisotropic Iron Oxide Nanomaterials","authors":"C. Thode, M. E. Williams","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0176","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Introduction \u0000Magnetic Nanoparticle Synthesis \u0000Nanoparticle Functionalization \u0000Surface Adsorption \u0000Ligand Exchange \u0000Silanes and Siloxanes \u0000Monolayer Reactions \u0000Encapsulation \u0000Encapsulation: Silica (SiO2) \u0000Encapsulation: Metallic and Semiconductor Shells \u0000Encapsulation: Polymeric and Carbon Shells \u0000Encapsulation: Carbon Shells \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Lipids and Dendrimers \u0000Lipids \u0000Dendrimers \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000nanoparticle; \u0000magnetic; \u0000encapsulation; \u0000monolayer; \u0000functionalization; \u0000ligand substitution; \u0000synthesis","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126332846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spherical and Anisotropic Gold Nanomaterials in Plasmonic Laser Phototherapy of Cancer 球形和各向异性金纳米材料在等离子体激光治疗癌症中的应用
Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences Pub Date : 2010-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0135
A. Ben-Yakar, D. Eversole, Özgür Ekici
{"title":"Spherical and Anisotropic Gold Nanomaterials in Plasmonic Laser Phototherapy of Cancer","authors":"A. Ben-Yakar, D. Eversole, Özgür Ekici","doi":"10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527610419.NTLS0135","url":null,"abstract":"Gold nanoparticles have shown great potential as in vivo, optically active, biospecific probes with highly controllable and tunable optical properties for simultaneous molecular imaging and phototherapy. The strong plasmon resonance has led to the development of a variety of nanoparticle-based cancer therapies termed plasmonic laser phototherapy (PLP). The use of molecular-specific bioagents has demonstrated the potential for the selective treatment of cancer cells targeted with a variety of gold nanostructures. PLP has been demonstrated through either hyperthermal therapy or localized photodisruption of cellular membranes, with both cancer therapy modes being used across the visible and near-infrared regimes of the electromagnetic spectrum. In this chapter, we provide a review of current PLP methods. Included is a discussion of particle heating and scattering processes, with results organized in terms of laser pulse duration, which will affect the damage confinement during therapy. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000gold nanoparticles; \u0000plasmon resonance; \u0000photothermal; \u0000photomechanical; \u0000ablation; \u0000lasers; \u0000ultrafast lasers","PeriodicalId":312946,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117255338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信