{"title":"A packetized direct load control mechanism for demand side management","authors":"Bowen Zhang, J. Baillieul","doi":"10.1109/cdc.2012.6427392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2012.6427392","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity peaks can be harmful to grid stability and result in additional generation costs to balance supply with demand. By developing a network of smart appliances together with a quasi-decentralized control protocol, direct load control (DLC) provides an opportunity to reduce peak consumption by directly controlling the on/off switch of the networked appliances. This paper proposes a packetized DLC (PDLC) solution that is illustrated by an application to air conditioning temperature control. Here the term packetized refers to a fixed time energy usage authorization. The consumers in each room choose their preferred set point, and then an operator of the local appliance pool will determine the comfort band around the set point. We use a thermal dynamic model to investigate the duty cycle of thermostatic appliances. Three theorems are proposed in this paper. The first two theorems evaluate the performance of the PDLC in both transient and steady state operation. The first theorem proves that the average room temperature would converge to the average room set point with fixed number of packets applied in each discrete interval. The second theorem proves that the PDLC solution guarantees to control the temperature of all the rooms within their individual comfort bands. The third theorem proposes an allocation method to link the results in theorem 1 and assumptions in theorem 2 such that the overall PDLC solution works. The direct result of the theorems is that we can reduce the consumption oscillation that occurs when no control is applied. Simulation is provided to verify theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"2464 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131037839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Network-level dynamics of diffusively coupled cells","authors":"S. Waldherr, F. Allgöwer","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426705","url":null,"abstract":"We study molecular dynamics within populations of diffusively coupled cells under the assumption of fast diffusive exchange. As a technical tool, we propose conditions on boundedness and ultimate boundedness for systems with a singular perturbation, which extend the classical asymptotic stability results for singularly perturbed systems. Based on these results, we show that with common models of intracellular dynamics, the cell population is coordinated in the sense that all cells converge close to a common equilibrium point. We then study a more specific example of coupled cells which behave as bistable switches, where the intracellular dynamics are such that cells may be in one of two equilibrium points. Here, we find that the whole population is bistable in the sense that it converges to a population state where either all cells are close to the one equilibrium point, or all cells are close to the other equilibrium point. Finally, we discuss applications of these results for the robustness of cellular decision making in coupled populations.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133766883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sub-optimal switching with dwell time constraints for control of viral mutation","authors":"E. Hernández-Vargas, P. Colaneri, R. Middleton","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426559","url":null,"abstract":"Regulation of mutant viri is important in many disease including HIV infection. Under current multi-drug Anti-Retroviral Therapies for HIV treatment, resistant mutations and failure to regulate viral load is typically observed after approximately 6 years. When this occurs, the current therapy must be abandoned and a new therapy initiated. An alternate approach is to treat this as a switching control problem, wherein therapy may be alternated well before virological failure is observed. In this paper we extend previous work on suboptimal control of a simplified model of HIV infection with mutations. The particular extension here is to include a `dwell time' constraint on the switching actions, that is, impose a strict minimum time between altering therapy.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128189545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stabilization of a linear hyperbolic system with one boundary controlled transport PDE coupled with n counterconvecting PDEs","authors":"F. D. Meglio, R. Vázquez, M. Krstić","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426367","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a full-state feedback law to stabilize linear first-order hyperbolic systems featuring n positive and one negative transport speeds on a finite space domain. Only one state, corresponding to the negative velocity, is actuated at the right boundary. The proposed controller guarantees convergence of the whole (n + 1)-state system to zero in the L2-sense.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134531713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Zhang, Jianming Lian, Chin-Yao Chang, K. Kalsi, Yannan Sun
{"title":"Reduced-order modeling of aggregated thermostatic loads with demand response","authors":"Wei Zhang, Jianming Lian, Chin-Yao Chang, K. Kalsi, Yannan Sun","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426010","url":null,"abstract":"Demand Response is playing an increasingly important role in smart grid control strategies. Modeling the dynamical behavior of a large population of appliances under demand response is especially important to evaluate the effectiveness of various demand response programs. In this paper an aggregate model is proposed for a class of second-order Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs). The model efficiently includes statistical information of the population, systematically deals with heterogeneity, and accounts for a second-order effect necessary to accurately capture the transient dynamics in the collective response. A good performance of the model however requires a high state dimension which dramatically complicates its formal analysis and controller design. To address this issue, a model reduction approach is developed for the proposed aggre-gate model, which can significantly reduce its complexity with small performance loss. The original and the reduced-order aggregate models are validated against simulations of thousands of detailed building models using GridLAB-D (an open-source distribution simulation software). The results indicate that the reduced-order model can accurately reproduce the steady-state and transient dynamics generated by GridLAB-D simulations with a much reduced complexity.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128483085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Bernuau, W. Perruquetti, D. Efimov, Emmanuel Moulay
{"title":"Finite-time output stabilization of the double integrator","authors":"E. Bernuau, W. Perruquetti, D. Efimov, Emmanuel Moulay","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426565","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of finite-time output stabilization of the double integrator is addressed applying the homogeneity approach. A homogeneous controller and a homogeneous observer are designed (for different degree of homogeneity) ensuring the finite-time stabilization. Their combination under mild conditions is shown to stay homogeneous and finite-time stable as well. The efficiency of the obtained solution is demonstrated in computer simulations.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133147990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model learning actor-critic algorithms: Performance evaluation in a motion control task","authors":"I. Grondman, L. Buşoniu, Robert Babuška","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426427","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforcement learning (RL) control provides a means to deal with uncertainty and nonlinearity associated with control tasks in an optimal way. The class of actor-critic RL algorithms proved useful for control systems with continuous state and input variables. In the literature, model-based actor-critic algorithms have recently been introduced to considerably speed up the the learning by constructing online a model through local linear regression (LLR). It has not been analyzed yet whether the speed-up is due to the model learning structure or the LLR approximator. Therefore, in this paper we generalize the model learning actor-critic algorithms to make them suitable for use with an arbitrary function approximator. Furthermore, we present the results of an extensive analysis through numerical simulations of a typical nonlinear motion control problem. The LLR approximator is compared with radial basis functions (RBFs) in terms of the initial convergence rate and in terms of the final performance obtained. The results show that LLR-based actor-critic RL outperforms the RBF counterpart: it gives quick initial learning and comparable or even superior final control performance.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125829541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A#: A distributed version of A* for factored planning","authors":"L. Jezequel, É. Fabre","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426187","url":null,"abstract":"Factored planning consists in driving a modular or distributed system to a target state, in an optimal manner, assuming all actions are controllable. Such problems take the form of path search in a product of graphs. The state space of each component is a graph, in which one must find a path to the local goal of this component. But when all components are considered jointly, the problem amounts to finding a path in each of these state graphs, while ensuring their compatibility on the actions that must be performed jointly by some components of the system. This paper proposes a solution under the form of a multi-agent version of A*, assembling several A*, each one performing a biased depth-first search in the graph of each component.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130278576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hassan Omran, L. Hetel, J. Richard, F. Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue
{"title":"Stability of bilinear sampled-data systems with an emulation of static state feedback","authors":"Hassan Omran, L. Hetel, J. Richard, F. Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426206","url":null,"abstract":"This note is dedicated to the stability analysis of bilinear sampled-data systems, controlled via a linear state feedback static controller. A zero order hold device is used. Our purpose is to find a constructive way to calculate the maximum allowable sampling period (MASP) that guarantees the local stability of the system. The proposed stability conditions are formulated as linear matrix inequalities (LMI).","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"417 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134602017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Convergence and robustness of a point-to-point iterative learning control algorithm","authors":"T. V. Dinh, C. Freeman, P. Lewin, Y. Tan","doi":"10.1109/CDC.2012.6426908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2012.6426908","url":null,"abstract":"Iterative learning control (ILC) is a methodology applied to systems which repeatedly perform a tracking task defined over a fixed, finite time duration. In this approach the output is specified at all points in this interval, however there exists a broad class of applications in which the output is only important at a subset of time instants. An ILC update law is therefore derived which enables tracking at any subset of time points, with performance shown to increase as time points are removed from the tracking objective. Experimental results using a multi-variable test facility confirm that point-to-point ILC leads to superior performance than can be obtained using standard ILC and an a priori specified reference.","PeriodicalId":312426,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130174031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}