African Social Science and Humanities Journal最新文献_第2页

Maternal mortality and economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa 撒哈拉以南非洲的孕产妇死亡率和经济发展

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.298

C. Nwankwo, C. Nnadi, J. Onu, Ifeoma Uzoamaka Nwankwo

{"title":"Maternal mortality and economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"C. Nwankwo, C. Nnadi, J. Onu, Ifeoma Uzoamaka Nwankwo","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.298","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, the highest number of maternal deaths is in Sub-Saharan African region with ratio of 546 maternal deaths per 100, 000 live births which is approximately 201,000 maternal deaths annually. This amounts to two-thirds of all maternal deaths per year worldwide. This fact calls for investigation to ascertain its effect(s) on economic development of the sub region. It is however hypothesized that maternal death generally is significant and has negative influence on economic growth (Gross Domestic product) both in under-developed, developing and developed nations. The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of maternal mortality on economic development in Sub-Sahara African region. Cross-sectional data analysis of selected member countries in the region under focus was employed using double-log econometric model. The source of data is from United Nations Development Programme and World Bank. The explanatory variables in the model were statistically significant at 5% level while other coefficients like maternal mortality, exports and imports conform to the apriori expectations and impacted negatively on the overall GDP. A necessary but not sufficient condition is investing on viable programmes and projects that reduce maternal deaths as well as spur significant economic returns and sustainability in sub-Saharan African economies are however recommended.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121398900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Sustaining development in Nigeria through liberal democracy 通过自由民主维持尼日利亚的发展

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.295

Bruno Onyinye Umunakwe, Miraculous Tochukwu Nzeagwu, Declan Aguzie, Bright Chimezie Akaire

{"title":"Sustaining development in Nigeria through liberal democracy","authors":"Bruno Onyinye Umunakwe, Miraculous Tochukwu Nzeagwu, Declan Aguzie, Bright Chimezie Akaire","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.295","url":null,"abstract":"Development is a pivotal process for human existence. The unique feature of the development is that it involves an active engagement of everybody. In Nigeria, the situation is different because, with the inception of self-rule particularly the return of full democracy in 1999, the system of politics disguisedly revolves around the interests of the few (bourgeois). National interests are handled like private property by the selected few who came into power on the basis of socio-economic status, tribe, and religion. However, people who are supposed to contribute to the transformation of the state are neither not voted into power because of their tribe nor allowed to participate in national decisions. Nigerian politics in a nutshell stifled all efforts of true democratization because of greed which sidelines the welfare of the masses. Advocates of development insist that the process can only be sustained in a society where there is a principle of equal opportunities. By this, the principles of right, law, and government should aim at shielding different personalities as illustrated in the principles of liberal democracy. Liberal democracy maintains a political value that incorporates equality and widens the horizon for religious, economic, political, and intellectual freedom of citizens. It is on this basis that this study suggests liberal democracy as a vital system which can transform the socio-economic and political situation of Nigeria. The study recommends that to sustain development in Nigeria, stakeholders should prioritize the welfare of the civil society against material gains and selfish interests of the few elites.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125981990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Real sector performance amid financial globalization: The Nigeria growth prospects 金融全球化背景下的实体部门表现:尼日利亚增长前景

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.286

O. W. Arazu, I. A. Mobosi, I. Mba

{"title":"Real sector performance amid financial globalization: The Nigeria growth prospects","authors":"O. W. Arazu, I. A. Mobosi, I. Mba","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.286","url":null,"abstract":"Financial globalization has drawn so much attention and has been identified as the major cause of the global financial crisis. With clear evidence of financial globalization in Nigeria, agreement on the magnitude and net effect on the nation’s economic sectors has not received more research attention. This article aims to investigate how Nigeria's sectoral performances are impacted by financial globalization. The sectors of interest include Trade, Agriculture, Construction, Industrial and Service. Annual Time series data for the period, 1981-2019 was analysed using a Classical Linear Regression Method in an Error Correction Framework. Results established a strong significant association between financial globalization, construction and trade sectors. It indicates the insignificant consequences of financial globalization on the industrial, service, and agricultural sectors, respectively. The result further finds that terms of payment impact the agricultural sector, while terms of trade impact the industrial sector, respectively. The exchange rate is the only variable that shows a significant negative impact on the five selected sectors. The article suggests that government and monetary authorities concentrate on stabilizing the currency rate since doing so improves terms of trade, builds local capacity, and boosts sectoral performances.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121559201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The extent of self-reported impact of COVID-19 on daily academic activities and incomes among university students in Kumasi, Ghana 自我报告的COVID-19对加纳库马西大学生日常学术活动和收入的影响程度

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.269

E. Keku, Sandra Asabea, V. Adu, Amanda Serwaa Akuoko Kodua, Elaine Patterson, Eunice Eduful Adu-Gyamfi, Patricia Adade, Paul Aninakwa

{"title":"The extent of self-reported impact of COVID-19 on daily academic activities and incomes among university students in Kumasi, Ghana","authors":"E. Keku, Sandra Asabea, V. Adu, Amanda Serwaa Akuoko Kodua, Elaine Patterson, Eunice Eduful Adu-Gyamfi, Patricia Adade, Paul Aninakwa","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.269","url":null,"abstract":"Students at universities are becoming recognized as a vulnerable populace, with much greater rates of depression and workload/activities than the overall population amidst COVID-19. As such, the present research intends to document the extent of self-reported impact on university students' everyday accademic lives and incomes. In August of 2021, a cross-sectional, self-administered internet-based poll was conducted among Ghanaian university students in Kumasi. The data was retrieved from the internet using Microsoft Excel and then analyzed using STATA software version 14. Both univariate and logistic regression analysis were performed, with a p-value<0.05 regarded statistically significant (*). The study included 430 participants, majority of whom were single (98.6%), young adults (89.8%), and Christians (90.7%). This survey found that 52.1% said the COVID-19 epidemic has a highly significant impact on their daily activities and income. Among other risk factors considered by the study, only students with a perceived risk of COVID-19 infection are approximately three times more likely to be affected by the pandemic in their daily academic activities and incomes than those who were not (Adj. OR = 2.516, 95CI% = 1.551–4.081, p < 0.001). The knowledge advanced by this study will educate stakeholders and aid policy-makers in higher education in improving public educational provisions. The results of this study may be used to predict the future effects of the pandemic. The novelty of this research also lies in its self-reported approach to analyzing the effect of the pandemic on the income and everyday academic activities of university students in Kumasi.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114860407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Political apathy and the imperative of media education in Nigeria 政治冷漠与尼日利亚媒体教育的必要性

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.265

O. Chukwuma

{"title":"Political apathy and the imperative of media education in Nigeria","authors":"O. Chukwuma","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.265","url":null,"abstract":"The fact that the workability of any political process is largely dependent on the active participation of the masses remains undisputable. Also, the active participation of the masses in any political process is largely dependent on the level of awareness and effective mobilization. Research evidence and critical observations have all pointed to the fact that lack of awareness and effective mobilization of the masses for any political process engender and sustain apathy which ultimately frustrates such political agenda. The paper tried to explore the situation of political apathy in Nigeria and how such apathy could be mitigated by the media. Through intensive review of relevant documents, it was argued that led to critical discourse on the subject of focus of the paper, it was found that lack of education/sanitation of the masses, lack of effective mobilization, the menace of corruption, political violence and consistent military intrusion in governance have fundamentally engendered political apathy in Nigeria. It was also found that the media has the capacity to reduce or ultimately eradicate political apathy by engaging in aggressive sensitization and education of the masses, mobilization of the masses, fighting corruption, correcting political misconceptions and ensuring two-way-communication. Accordingly, the paper advanced a roadmap for the effective utilization of the media not only to change the status quo, but to position Nigeria on the path of political progress as an emerging democracy in Africa.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130917826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Executive immunity clause and its effects on the fight against corruption in Nigeria 行政豁免条款及其对尼日利亚反腐败斗争的影响

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-07-11 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.227

U. Sambo

{"title":"Executive immunity clause and its effects on the fight against corruption in Nigeria","authors":"U. Sambo","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.227","url":null,"abstract":"The Nigerian 1999 Constitution enshrined an outrageous and controversial clause known as the ‘Immunity Clause’ in Section 306 of the Constitution which provides maximum protection for the executive office holders at the Federal and State levels. Hence, the President, Vice President, Governors and their Deputies are immune from any investigation or sanction during their tenure in office even if they commit an offence or a breach of trust such as corruption. This study analysed critically the provision of the immunity clause and its effects on engendering corruption by the executive office holders in Nigeria. The study empirically examined top political office holders who hold executive offices from 1999 to 2020 that were under investigation for protected corrupt practices during their office days. The study utilised the secondary sources of data collection because the paper is a conceptual descriptive one. Sources such as books, journal articles, newspapers, reports and internet sources are utilised. Elite Theory was used to strengthen the literature in the work. The data collected were analysed and interpreted using content analysis where discussions and interpretations were made using the context of the existing knowledge for contribution. The work discovered that the presence of the immunity clause is preventing the fight against corruption from being actualised and it is helping in escalating corrupt practices. The work recommends among other suggestions that the clause should be removed and allow the executive office holders to face their actions even while in office to ensure transparency.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123088021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Youth and the electoral violence in Nigeria’s democratic regime: Lesson for youth ahead of 2023 general election 尼日利亚民主政权的青年与选举暴力:2023年大选前青年的教训

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.225

Yau Idris Gadau, Murjanatu Abubakar Malami

{"title":"Youth and the electoral violence in Nigeria’s democratic regime: Lesson for youth ahead of 2023 general election","authors":"Yau Idris Gadau, Murjanatu Abubakar Malami","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.225","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a qualitative research data in which data where collected from the secondary sources from books, journals and the government reports. Youth in democratic governance have been used to thwarting the election process or creating confusion that could led to generate doubt in the conduct of free, fair and credible election. Employing thug to boycott the legal procedure in order to win the election or disruption the election creating avenue for electoral violence to manifest. Electoral violence is among the major factors that affect the democratic regime in Nigeria. Throughout the history of democratic governance in Nigeria, electoral violence have affected negatively the socio-political and economic wellbeing and democratization process that has been struggled to put place in the country since the independence. This paper examines the manifestations of electoral violence instigated by youth in Nigerian democracy. The findings showsnumerous factors that contributed to the electoral violence in democratic governance of Nigeria. These factors comprise electoral rigging which manifests in various stages such as snatching of ballot box, and voters buying, godfatherism and institutional incapacity in managing election and mismanagement.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130044408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Children’s reactions to ‘Taste is the difference’ indomie instant noodles television commercial in Nigeria: Anambra State in focus 尼日利亚阿南布拉州儿童对“口味就是不同”方便面电视广告的反应

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i4.221

Chinwe Uchechukwu Amatu, D. N. Morah, O. Nwafor

{"title":"Children’s reactions to ‘Taste is the difference’ indomie instant noodles television commercial in Nigeria: Anambra State in focus","authors":"Chinwe Uchechukwu Amatu, D. N. Morah, O. Nwafor","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i4.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i4.221","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated children's responses to the 'Taste is the difference' Indomie Instant noodles television commercial in Anambra State, Nigeria. It is premised on the background that children who live and interact with other members of society cultivate different behaviours after exposure to media content. There is a need to control the spread of unethical media content for children's safety, cultivating acceptable socio-cultural behaviours and positive development. The study hinged on Cultivation and Social Learning Theories and adopted the Focus Group Discussion research method with structured questions as a data collection instrument. Multi-stage sampling techniques were used to select 364 primary six pupils as respondents from three schools in the three senatorial districts of Anambra State, Nigeria, on consent from relevant authorities. Findings show that respondents were significantly exposed to the select commercial; there was a high recall of message elements. The respondents were also found to be favourably disposed to the message elements and perceived some elements as imperfect because they eroded aspects of their culture. The study concludes that the select respondents responded positively to the entertainment aspect and negatively to the cultural implication of the commercial. The study recommended amendments to message elements in the commercial that eroded some aspects of Nigerian culture.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131930971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The main functionalities of media systems across the divides 跨界媒体系统的主要功能

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i3.155

Omukule Emojong'

{"title":"The main functionalities of media systems across the divides","authors":"Omukule Emojong'","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i3.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i3.155","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a broad-stroke review of the universally agreed-upon functions of the media systems. The review is guided by a framework that merges a variety of media models from a range of disciplines addressing the multiple issues of media content, context, and its functions. Arguably, such merger occurs across historical periods, national boundaries, and disciplinary perspectives, otherwise called across the global digital divides. Important beautiful and dreadful events occur regularly across all regions in the world. There is consensus that these events cannot make the news unless they reach the vast majority of the audience and, by extension, the larger public. Since news is an event shared via a medium, media systems should invest in collecting relevant facts, evidence, and impressions that can later be translated into the story carrying the news. A media system is expected to play an essential role in ensuring that the human person can see, hear, touch, and connect with other people. Indeed, it is through such a process that we can all come to the realization, that journalism can be informative, balanced, and well-informed. Such a line of reasoning forms a backdrop for developing an argument that, as of today, journalism comes in a variety of forms. Within the context of such an argument that this paper is qualitatively developed through an integrative literature review to look at the greater influence of media systems across the global digital divides. The paper establishes that media systems play an essential role in many areas including linkages, policies, politics, literacy, socialization, and development. It behooves, in this regard, each nation to facilitate the establishment of a media system that is necessary and desirable for achieving its needs.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121069537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Loan performance and lending rate: Testing the existence of adverse selection in the Nigerian credit market 贷款业绩与贷款利率:检验尼日利亚信贷市场是否存在逆向选择

African Social Science and Humanities Journal Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.57040/asshj.v3i3.146

Chimezie O’Brian Abugwu, Keghter Kelvin Kur, Henry Chimaobi Urama, Chidozie Sunday Abbah

{"title":"Loan performance and lending rate: Testing the existence of adverse selection in the Nigerian credit market","authors":"Chimezie O’Brian Abugwu, Keghter Kelvin Kur, Henry Chimaobi Urama, Chidozie Sunday Abbah","doi":"10.57040/asshj.v3i3.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i3.146","url":null,"abstract":"Leaning on the loan pricing theory, this study provided empirical proof of the existence of adverse selection in the Nigerian credit market using the interrelation between the lending rate and non-performing loans as a decision factor. The paper employed Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF), Phillips Perron (PP), and Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) for stationarity tests, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound Test for cointegration and an ARDL model for the regression analyses using quarterly data. The results of the analyses showed a positive and consequential link connecting non-performing loans and lending rates, proving the existence of adverse selection in the Nigerian credit market in the short-run and long-run. Based on the results, the study recommends that the apex bank implement a price ceiling in the credit market. Banks and other financial institutions should properly define their lending rates given their cost of funds and other operational expenses. And hence, carefully select viable borrowers from the credit market that suit the bank’s credit policy rather than adjust the lending rate up to compensate for higher risk.","PeriodicalId":311378,"journal":{"name":"African Social Science and Humanities Journal","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117079222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0