{"title":"Glucose Oxidase Initiates Radical Polymerizations by Direct Electron Transfer to Monomers","authors":"Eleonora Ornati, , , Iuliia Ushakova, , and , Nico Bruns*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01372","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01372","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Glucose oxidase (GOx) is a widely used and studied enzyme, yet it continues to surprise with previously unknown activities. We report GOx to initiate radical polymerizations of acrylamides and methacrylates without the need for initiators or irradiation by light, simply by carrying out the polymerizations in the absence of oxygen at high glucose concentrations. The enzyme oxidizes glucose and concomitantly transfers an electron and a proton to a monomer, thereby creating a radical species that starts the polymerization. Computational docking studies revealed specific orientations of monomers in the enzyme’s active site. GOx’s ability to deoxygenate solutions was combined with its initiation activity to achieve polymerizations in nondeoxygenated conditions, allowing polymerizations in a 96-well plate format, and a fluorescence assay was developed to screen the enzyme’s polymerization activity. GOx’s polymerization activity opens the route to polymer synthesis under mild and biological relevant conditions and allows integration of GOx-catalyzed radical polymerizations into biosensors as well as living and synthetic cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"7038–7050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tetrahydroxy Diboron-Initiated Injectable Hydrogel with Integrated Rapid Gelation, Fatigue Resistance, Bioadhesion, Antibacterial Activity, ROS Scavenging, and Osteoinduction for Periodontitis Treatment","authors":"Peiyue Pan, , , Qianqian Liang, , , Jia Xu, , , Chao Huang, , , Jia Shi, , , Lijuan Zhao, , , Tian Tang*, , , Jinrong Wu, , and , Yi Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01232","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01232","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Injectable hydrogels are promising for periodontitis treatment, yet achieving rapid gelation, mechanical strength, and multifunctionality under physiological conditions is challenging. Here, we report a tetrahydroxy diboron (THDB)-initiated hydrogel comprising <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA), chlorhexidine, and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), which gels within 2 min without deoxygenation. THDB reacts with vinyl monomers and oxygen to overcome inhibition while undergoing structural evolution to form functional domains. The hydrogel features: (1) dynamic hydrogen bonding and B–O/N coordination for enhanced strength; (2) THDB–CMCS interaction for strong bioadhesion; (3) boronic acid-induced acidity for antibacterial activity against <i>P. gingivalis</i>, <i>S. mutans</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>E. coli</i>; and (4) reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging via residual B–B bonds to promote osteogenesis. In vivo, it accelerates alveolar bone regeneration in a rat periodontitis model. This one-step injectable platform integrates gelation, reinforcement, adhesion, antibacterial, and antioxidative properties, offering strong therapeutic potential for periodontitis and related inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6927–6939"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01150
Hyojeong Sim, , , Younghyun Cho*, , and , Sang Wook Kang*,
{"title":"Synergistic Control of Pore Architecture and Electrochemical Properties in HEC/PEO-Based Blends through Drying Time Adjustment","authors":"Hyojeong Sim, , , Younghyun Cho*, , and , Sang Wook Kang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01150","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01150","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Porous polymer membranes serve as essential components in lithium-ion batteries, particularly as separators, due to their superior mechanical robustness, electrolyte compatibility, and capacity for facilitating high ionic conductivity. In this study, a composite membrane was fabricated by blending hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), a biodegradable and highly hydrophilic polymer, with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), known for its exceptional chain flexibility. The polymer blend was coated onto a thermally and chemically stable, cost-effective nonwoven fabric (NWF), followed by a vacuum-assisted nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) process. By systematically varying the drying time prior to phase separation, the structural characteristics of the resulting membranes were effectively tailored. Membranes subjected to 30 and 90 min of drying exhibited high gas permeabilities of 627 ± 223 and 515 ± 68 L/m<sup>2</sup>·h, respectively. Gurley measurements and contact angle assessments indicated that shorter drying times favored the development of straight, interconnected pore networks, enhancing fluid transport properties. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy further revealed increased polymer–polymer interactions and the emergence of new hydrogen-bonding networks following phase separation. These molecular rearrangements contributed to an expanded surface area and improved porosity within the membrane structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6834–6842"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00224
Joana Calvário, Diogo Antunes, Rita Cipriano, Daniela Kalafatovic, Goran Mauša, Ana S Pina
{"title":"Understanding Biases in Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation: Investigating Amino Acid Enrichments in Phase-Separating Proteins toward Peptide Design.","authors":"Joana Calvário, Diogo Antunes, Rita Cipriano, Daniela Kalafatovic, Goran Mauša, Ana S Pina","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) facilitates the formation of membraneless organelles, enhancing biochemical processes. The stickers-and-spacers model explains LLPS but is mainly validated in prion-like RNA-binding proteins. To broaden our understanding, we investigated peptide motifs associated with LLPS across diverse protein contexts using a computational approach on the droplet-promoting regions (DPRs) of 178 phase-separating proteins. The study identified 129 enriched peptide motifs (3-6 residues), characterized by Gly-rich sequences interspersed with aromatic, charged, and polar residues, as well as homopeptide repeats (e.g., GGDR, SRGG, QQQQ). Analysis of motif presence and frequency revealed a widespread distribution across DPRs and significant repetitive patterns. Motif trios with a higher likelihood of co-occurrence were utilized in a data-driven approach to design peptides with LLPS propensity. The designed peptides exhibited liquid-like behavior with different dynamics upon experimental validation. This work provides insights into sequence determinants of phase separation and offers the potential for designing synthetic condensates with tailored properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01175
Ramón Garcia Maset, , , Laia Pasquina-Lemonche, , , Alexia Hapeshi, , , Luke A. Clifton, , , Jamie K. Hobbs, , , Freya Harrison, , , Sébastien Perrier*, , and , Stephen C. L. Hall*,
{"title":"Assessing the Mechanism of Action of Synthetic Nanoengineered Antimicrobial Polymers against the Bacterial Membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Ramón Garcia Maset, , , Laia Pasquina-Lemonche, , , Alexia Hapeshi, , , Luke A. Clifton, , , Jamie K. Hobbs, , , Freya Harrison, , , Sébastien Perrier*, , and , Stephen C. L. Hall*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01175","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01175","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The lack of appropriate antimicrobials to tackle multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria poses an escalating threat to modern medicine. Addressing this urgent issue, we have recently developed synthetic nanoengineered antimicrobial polymers (SNAPs), inspired by the physicochemical properties of antimicrobial peptides. Our findings have demonstrated that SNAPs are potent antimicrobial agents characterized by low toxicity and cost-effective large-scale production. In this study, we elucidate the mechanism of action of two distinct SNAPs, which vary in length and charge distribution. Focusing on the Gram-negative pathogen <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> LESB58, a hypervirulent strain prevalent in cystic fibrosis patients, we employ advanced high-resolution imaging techniques and neutron reflectometry to uncover the precise interactions between SNAPs and the bacterial cell envelope. Our research identifies lipopolysaccharide as a critical target, detailing architecture-specific envelope disruptions, such as asymmetry loss, pore formation, and membrane dissolution. These insights into the structure–function relationships of SNAPs pave the way for the rational design of tailored antimicrobial polymers with specific targeted mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6854–6868"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01142
Aya Gavish Moscovitz, , , Haneen Simaan Yameen, , , Orit Bar-Am, , and , Dror Seliktar*,
{"title":"Evaluating Cross-Linking Efficiency and Cytocompatibility of Three Commonly Used Photoinitiators across Different Cell-Compatible Hydrogel Platforms","authors":"Aya Gavish Moscovitz, , , Haneen Simaan Yameen, , , Orit Bar-Am, , and , Dror Seliktar*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01142","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01142","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Biomedical hydrogels often use a photopolymerization strategy to cross-link the polymer network. There are only a few cyto-compatible photoinitiators (PIs) that are commonly used for cross-linking biomedical hydrogels, including Irgacure 2959, lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP), and Eosin Y. Herein, we tested these PIs to optimize the cross-linking efficiency while minimizing cell death. Testing was performed on three types of hydrogels, including a synthetic material (poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate, PEG-DA), a semisynthetic material, PEG-fibrinogen (PF), and a modified biological material, methacrylated fibrinogen (FibMA). The results showed that PI concentration and illumination intensity had a significant impact on cross-linking efficiency, as measured by the shear storage modulus, with each material demonstrating different responses to the photopolymerization parameters. Optimal photo-cross-linking conditions were not the same for the modified protein hydrogels as compared to synthetic and semisynthetic materials. These findings may have consequential implications when applying photopolymerization to cross-link various types of cell-compatible hydrogels for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6817–6833"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-09-21DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00907
Thet Tun Aung, , , Mayandi Venktatesh, , , Mercy Halleluyah Periayah, , , Darren Shu Jeng Ting, , , Xiu Wang, , , Eunice Tze Leng Goh, , , Sai Bo Bo Tun, , , Candice Ho Ee Hua, , , Veluchamy Amutha Barathi, , , Navin Kumar Verma, , , Wang Yue, , , Donald Tiang Hwee Tan*, , , Anita Sook Yee Chan*, , and , Rajamani Lakshminarayanan*,
{"title":"Structure–Activity Relationship in ε-Lysine Peptides: The Length Effects on Antifungal Activity","authors":"Thet Tun Aung, , , Mayandi Venktatesh, , , Mercy Halleluyah Periayah, , , Darren Shu Jeng Ting, , , Xiu Wang, , , Eunice Tze Leng Goh, , , Sai Bo Bo Tun, , , Candice Ho Ee Hua, , , Veluchamy Amutha Barathi, , , Navin Kumar Verma, , , Wang Yue, , , Donald Tiang Hwee Tan*, , , Anita Sook Yee Chan*, , and , Rajamani Lakshminarayanan*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00907","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00907","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polymers with multiple ε-lysine residues exhibit excellent antibacterial activity and membrane selectivity for bacteria and fungi. This study investigated the optimal number of ε-lysine residues required for antimicrobial activity by comparing peptides with 12, 14, 16, and 18 ε-lysine residues to ε-poly-<span>l</span>-lysine (εPL). Peptides with 16–18 ε-lysine residues showed submicromolar minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria while higher MICs for antifungal activity. εPL demonstrated rapid fungicidal activity by disrupting fungal membranes, inhibiting hyphal growth, and eradicating biofilms in vitro. In rabbit models of corneal epithelial injury, εPL did not impede wound healing. Topical or intrastromal εPL significantly reduced fungal burden and disease severity in a rabbit model of <i>Fusarium</i> keratitis. In a mouse model of <i>Candida</i> keratitis, εPL significantly decreased anterior chamber inflammation and fungal burden compared to voriconazole. These promising findings highlight the potential of εPL as an antifungal agent for the management of fungal keratitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6653–6666"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamics of Ca(II)-Induced Aggregation of β-Casein as an Intrinsically Disordered Protein: Effect of Ca(II) Concentration and Encapsulation of Bioactive Molecules","authors":"Wen-Zhu Wang, , , Sai Li, , , Xue-Ying Li, , , Song-Po Yao, , , Jing Wu, , , Rui-Min Han*, , , Geng Dong*, , and , Jian-Ping Zhang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01076","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01076","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The aggregation of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is of significant interest due to its role in proteopathies and nutritional and pharmaceutical potential. This study investigates the mechanism of Ca(II)-induced aggregation of an IDP β-casein (β-CN) using dynamic light scattering, cryo-transmission electron microscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. Upon Ca(II) addition, β-CN undergoes successive induction, growth, and saturation phases, forming amorphous aggregates. Aggregation kinetics are highly dependent on the Ca(II) concentration. At a molar ratio exceeding 5:1, the hydrodynamic diameter of β-CN increased from 20 nm (oligomer) to >100 nm (aggregate product) in a minute. The induction phase is driven by neutralizing the phosphorylated groups via Ca(II) binding, while subsequent growth and saturation phases are governed by agglomeration of intermediate aggregates with nuclei-exposed oligomers, eventually forming aggregate products after conformational relaxation. We demonstrate that the porosity and tunable assembly of β<i>-</i>CN aggregates enable efficient encapsulation of bioactive molecules, offering promising applications in nanonutrition and nanotheranostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6773–6786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating the Self-Assembly of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles from Single-Stranded Oligodeoxynucleotide-Poly(ethylene glycol) Conjugates and Polyethylenimine","authors":"Kwanghee Lee, , , Takahiro Yokoyama, , , Arash Nikoubashman, , , Seunghan Kang, , , Siyoung Q. Choi, , , Jeehae Shin, , and , Sheng Li*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00623","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00623","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide-poly(ethylene glycol) (ssODN-PEG) conjugates with varying ssODN and PEG lengths are synthesized and complexed with polyethylenimine (PEI) to form polyelectrolyte complex micelles (PCMs). The conjugation of PEG chains has a minor impact on ssODN binding; however, PEG chains of extended length can hinder ion pairing due to steric effects. The complexation of ssODN-PEG with branched PEI (BPEI) leads to the self-assembly of spherical core–shell PCMs. When PEG chains are too short relative to the complexed core, aggregation of the PCMs occurs, evidenced by a deviation from the spheroid form factor and a rapid increase in the hydrodynamic size over time. The complexation of ssODN-PEG with linear PEI (LPEI) is also investigated. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at physiologically relevant ionic strength, LPEI exhibits significantly weaker binding to ssODN-PEG compared to BPEI. However, well-defined PCMs are formed in either salt-free water or NaCl solutions, highlighting the strong ion sensitivity of LPEI-mediated complexation.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6528–6541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering Antioxidant-Enhanced Antimicrobial Peptides via n-Octanoic Acid and Cysteine Conjugation: Therapeutic Applications in Burn Injury","authors":"Xin Liu, , , Zekai Ren, , , Yumei Wang, , , Han Wu, , , Hailin Cong*, , and , Bing Yu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00859","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00859","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chronic wounds represent a major global health challenge, characterized by impaired healing, localized necrosis, and, in advanced stages, potential limb loss. The delayed healing process is multifactorial, involving the accumulation of exudate, microbial colonization, and immune dysfunction. Building upon our previous work with the broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide LKAHR, this study introduces structural modifications via site-specific cysteine conjugation and alkyl chain functionalization. The mechanical properties of gelatin hydrogels were optimized through PEG cross-linking to improve drug delivery capabilities. Three modified antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were systematically assessed for hemocompatibility, antimicrobial efficacy, and radical scavenging activity, with Cys2-LKAHR-C8 emerging as the top candidate. This optimized peptide demonstrated a 50% enhancement in antimicrobial efficacy compared to native LKAHR, along with potent free radical neutralization capacity. Mechanistically, it exerts hepatoprotective effects through glutathione-mimetic redox regulation. In translational validation, the PEG-gelatin hydrogel-mediated delivery of Cys2-LKAHR-C8 achieved 78% wound closure efficiency in chronic wounds, demonstrating sustained antimicrobial activity and improved tissue regeneration in burn infection models.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 10","pages":"6613–6624"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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