{"title":"Proanthocyanidin-Driven Multifunctional Injectable Hydrogel as an Effective Skin Dressing for Atopic Dermatitis.","authors":"Wencui Shang, Chenxu Zhang, Quanwei Sun, Mingjing Wang, Yan Ge, Hanmeng Liu, Huihui Li, Xiaoya Ding, Ye Yang, Weifang Xu, Zexin Yang, Dengke Yin, Wei Shen","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) often experience symptoms of skin dryness, coinfection, oxidative damage, immune dysfunction, and inflammatory response. Clinical recommendations typically include antibiotics, glucocorticoids, and immunosuppressants, but frequent use of these medications can lead to drug resistance and adverse side effects. Herein, a pH/ROS-responsive injectable dual network hydrogel (HCFP) was developed by cross-linking oxidized hyaluronic acid, quaternized chitosan, and proanthocyanidins (PA) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). The HCFP hydrogel exhibited robust adhesive and self-healing properties, preventing delamination by scratching while enhancing the penetration of PA into the stratum corneum. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that HCFP effectively restored the skin barrier, suppressed bacterial infection, alleviated oxidative stress, modulated the immune response, and reduced inflammation, outperforming clinical dexamethasone ointment. This multifunctional hydrogel, which combines antibacterial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties, represents a promising therapeutic dressing for the treatment of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00062
Antonella Fantoni , Alice Salvadori , Aleksandr Ovsianikov , Robert Liska , Stefan Baudis
{"title":"Highlighting the Influence between Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking in Dynamic Hydrogels for Two-Photon Micropatterning","authors":"Antonella Fantoni , Alice Salvadori , Aleksandr Ovsianikov , Robert Liska , Stefan Baudis","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00062","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photolabile hydrogels have gained tremendous interest for a wide range of applications in materials and life sciences. Usually, photodegradability is introduced via chromophores and labile bonds, making such materials intrinsically light sensitive. In recent years, disulfide bonds have emerged as an innovative alternative, as they can be selectively cleaved in the presence of (photo)generated radicals. However, such materials suffer from limited network stability and high swelling as a result of thiol–disulfide metathesis reactions. Herein, we present two strategies to counteract such phenomena by network stabilization either via physical or chemical incorporation of (un)modified gelatin macromers to norbornene-modified poly(vinyl alcohol) networks. Photolabile behavior was introduced by a simple disulfide-containing dithiol cross-linker. Tunable material properties were investigated by means of in situ photorheology, in vitro swelling, and degradation experiments. Finally, we demonstrate an innovative method for localized disulfide cleavage via two-photon micropatterning.</div></div><div><div><span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (100KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 7","pages":"Pages 4084-4094"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"siRNA Interaction and Transfection Properties of Polycationic Phosphorus Dendrimers","authors":"Irene Rodríguez-Clemente , Andrii Karpus , Angel Buendía , Krzystof Sztandera , Elzbieta Regulska , Jerome Bignon , Anne-Marie Caminade , Carlos Romero-Nieto , Anke Steinmetz , Serge Mignani , Jean-Pierre Majoral , Valentín Ceña","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00171","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults and has a poor prognosis. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can disrupt different mechanisms involved in the genesis of several diseases including GBM. However, siRNA complexation with nonviral cationic carriers is required to transport siRNAs inside cells and promote its function. We have designed and synthesized new cationic phosphorus dendrimers bearing either 6, 12, or 24 pyrrolidinium or piperidinium groups on their surface. These dendrimers bound siRNA, those bearing terminal pyrrolidinium having the highest affinity. However, they showed marked differences in protecting siRNA from RNase-mediated degradation. Molecular modeling suggested that, beyond the overall protonation status, the intrinsic flexibility and individual binding properties of these dendrimers contributed to the modulation of biological profiles. However, these phosphorus dendrimers were unable to transport significant amounts of siRNA into GBM cells and, accordingly, transfection was inefficient.</div></div><div><div><span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (92KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 7","pages":"Pages 4158-4173"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00427
Hongli Li , Xueqin Wang , Xiaoyu Song , Hanyuan Fu , Lige Yang , Dachao Deng , Kedong Xu , Lili Li , Fei Li
{"title":"Sustainably Polyanionic Hyaluronic Acid–Based Hydrogel for Efficient Removal of Fe3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ Ions in Soil with Enhanced Sorghum Growth","authors":"Hongli Li , Xueqin Wang , Xiaoyu Song , Hanyuan Fu , Lige Yang , Dachao Deng , Kedong Xu , Lili Li , Fei Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00427","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxic metals damage soil quality and harm human health via bioaccumulation, necessitating eco-friendly removal techniques. Hydrogel-based adsorption offers a promising approach for heavy metal extraction. Nevertheless, the potential of innovative hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels has not been fully investigated. In this study, levodopa and tannic acid were first grafted onto HA using condensation reactions. Subsequently, the HLDT hydrogel was developed by grafting Na-AMPS onto the HA derivative through free radical polymerization, which enhanced its mechanical properties for metal ion adsorption. The HLDT hydrogel shows superior metal adsorption capacities of 193.3, 316.9, and 49.6 mM/g for Cd, Fe, and Pb, respectively. Notably, the exceptional adsorption, desorption, and regeneration capabilities, make it ideal for recycling. Additionally, the HLDT hydrogel can remove heavy metals from polluted soil efficiently and enhance the sorghum growth characteristics. Our findings provide a potential solution for the sustainable recovery of contaminated farmland while enhancing productivity.</div></div><div><div><span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (126KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 7","pages":"Pages 4419-4435"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00351
Yan Yang , Shizhuo Li , Yixuan Li , Mengyue Zhang , Shitong Li , Kun Liu , Tong Qiu , Honglian Dai
{"title":"Gradient pH Hydrogel Promotes Infected Wound Healing through pH Regulation of Microenvironment","authors":"Yan Yang , Shizhuo Li , Yixuan Li , Mengyue Zhang , Shitong Li , Kun Liu , Tong Qiu , Honglian Dai","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00351","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A healthy skin surface has an acidic environment with an average pH below 5, which helps to protect against bacterial infection. A weakly acidic environment of the dermis not only reduces bacterial infection but also affects fibroblasts’ activity, vascular endothelial cell activity, and the immune response. The natural pH gradient helps to ensure the integrity of the skin and accelerates the repair process, following skin damage. In this study, GelMA-based gradient pH hydrogel was proposed for infected skin wound healing. Experiments showed that the gradient pH hydrogel had good antibacterial effects and promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The gradient pH hydrogel lowered the pH of the wound bed, reduced the bacterial load, and induced macrophage polarization to M2 and neovascularization. The gradient pH hydrogel promoted hair follicle regeneration by modulating Treg cells. Thus, this hydrogel provides a new option for the treatment of bacterially infected wounds.</div></div><div><div><span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (114KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 7","pages":"Pages 4346-4363"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01010
Juan Cruz Almada , Miguel Marco-Martin , David Roura-Padrosa , Susana Velasco-Lozano
{"title":"Immobilization of Thrombin on Agarose-Based Supports for Affinity Tag Removal","authors":"Juan Cruz Almada , Miguel Marco-Martin , David Roura-Padrosa , Susana Velasco-Lozano","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01010","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c01010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thrombin, a specific serine protease, is essential in recombinant protein purification by removing affinity tags. However, its soluble form has drawbacks like instability, contamination, and limited reusability. This study explores the covalent immobilization of bovine thrombin to enhance its performance as a reusable biocatalyst. Using the CapiPy tool, surface residues suitable for immobilization on agarose supports were identified. Thrombin immobilized on glyoxyl-activated agarose showed optimal results, efficiently removing 6xHis-tags from recombinant proteins with activity comparable to the soluble enzyme. It also cleaved other peptide tags, underscoring its versatility. It retained full activity after 1.5 h at 50 °C, while the soluble form was almost inactivated. The immobilized enzyme maintained consistent performance over 10 batch cycles and achieved a space-time yield of 4.7 g·L<sup>–1</sup>·h<sup>–1</sup>. These findings highlight the potential of immobilized thrombin as a robust and cost-effective tool to improving recombinant protein purification workflows, with significant implications for both industrial and research applications.</div></div><div><div><span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (168KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 7","pages":"Pages 4718-4729"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144537400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00283
Ozgul Gok , Anjali Sharma , Siva P. Kambhampati , Elizabeth Smith Khoury , Sujatha Kannan , Rangaramanujam M. Kannan
{"title":"Sustained and Step-Wise Drug Release by a Novel Double Responsive Dendrimer‑N‑Acetylcysteine Conjugate","authors":"Ozgul Gok , Anjali Sharma , Siva P. Kambhampati , Elizabeth Smith Khoury , Sujatha Kannan , Rangaramanujam M. Kannan","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00283","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers have emerged as promising vehicles for targeting the brain due to their intrinsic ability to penetrate through the injured blood–brain barrier. Herein, we present a novel drug delivery system based on a fourth generation PAMAM dendrimer as a brain targeting nanomedicine for the delivery of an anti-inflammatory drug <em>N</em>-acetyl cysteine with a sustained drug release profile. This D<sub>“ester”</sub>(NAC<sub>“ss”</sub>NAC) design enables NACs conjugated to the periphery of PAMAM dendrimers in the dimer form with ester and disulfide bonds to be sequentially released in a stepwise manner, responding to environmental pH and redox potential. Moreover, in vitro studies were conducted with a fluorescently labeled conjugate to confirm its nontoxic behavior and time-dependent cellular uptake, together with improved anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects over endotoxin-activated microglia. These findings demonstrate that the DNACNAC conjugate has a high potential to be utilized as a promising dendrimer-based nanomedicine platform for prolonged treatment of neuroinflammation-related CNS disorders.</div></div><div><div><span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (128KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 7","pages":"Pages 4274-4285"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monica S. Rahman*, Bhagya Chandrarathne, Katie Bender, Jasmine Hinkle, Richard C. Page* and Dominik Konkolewicz*,
{"title":"","authors":"Monica S. Rahman*, Bhagya Chandrarathne, Katie Bender, Jasmine Hinkle, Richard C. Page* and Dominik Konkolewicz*, ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":"26 7","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144613520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}