BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01652
Ziyu Cui, Masamu Kawada, Yue Hui, Seunghyun Sim
{"title":"Programming Aliphatic Polyester Degradation by Engineered Bacterial Spores.","authors":"Ziyu Cui, Masamu Kawada, Yue Hui, Seunghyun Sim","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01652","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enzymatic degradation of plastics is a sustainable approach to address the growing issue of plastic accumulation. Here, we demonstrate the degradation of aliphatic polyesters using enzyme-displaying bacterial spores and the fabrication of self-degradable spore-containing plastics. The degradation proceeds without nutrient-dependent spore germination into living cells. Engineered spores completely degrade aliphatic polyesters into small molecules, retain activity through multiple cycles, and regain full activity through germination and sporulation. We also found that the interplay between the glass transition temperature and melting temperature of polyester substrates affects heterogeneous biocatalytic degradation by engineered spores. Directly incorporating spores into polyesters results in robust materials that are completely degradable. Our study offers a straightforward and sustainable biocatalytic approach to plastic degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1882-1891"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01497
S Cem Millik, Naroa Sadaba, Shayna L Hilburg, Eva Sanchez-Rexach, Meijing Zhang, Siwei Yu, Alexander F Vass, Lilo D Pozzo, Alshakim Nelson
{"title":"3D-Printed Protein-Based Bioplastics with Tunable Mechanical Properties Using Glycerol or Hyperbranched Poly(glycerol)s as Plasticizers.","authors":"S Cem Millik, Naroa Sadaba, Shayna L Hilburg, Eva Sanchez-Rexach, Meijing Zhang, Siwei Yu, Alexander F Vass, Lilo D Pozzo, Alshakim Nelson","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01497","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein-based materials can be engineered to derive utility from the structures and functions of the incorporated proteins. Modern methods of protein engineering bring promise of unprecedented control over molecular and network design, which will enable new and improved functionalities in materials that incorporate proteins as functional building blocks. For these advantages to be fully realized, there is a need for robust methods for producing protein-based networks, as well as methods for tuning their mechanical properties. Light-based 3D-printing techniques afford high-resolution fabrication capability with unparalleled design freedom in an inexpensive and decentralized capacity. This work features 3D-printed serum albumin-based bioplastics with mechanical properties modulated through the incorporation of glycerol or hyperbranched poly(glycerol)s (HPGs) as plasticizers. These materials capitalize upon important features of serum albumin, including its low intrinsic viscosity, high aqueous solubility, and relatively low cost. The incorporation of glycerol or HPGs of different sizes resulted in softer and more ductile bioplastics than those obtained natively without additives. These bioplastics showed shape-memory behavior and could be used to fabricate functional objects. These materials are accessible, possess minimal chemical hazards, and can be used for fabricating rigid and strong as well as soft and ductile parts using inexpensive commercial 3D printers.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1725-1736"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01831
Krishna Raja Muthuraman, Jirayu Boonyakida, Mami Matsuda, Ryosuke Suzuki, Tatsuya Kato, Enoch Y Park
{"title":"Tetravalent Virus-like Particles Engineered To Display Envelope Domain IIIs of Four Dengue Serotypes in Silkworm as Vaccine Candidates.","authors":"Krishna Raja Muthuraman, Jirayu Boonyakida, Mami Matsuda, Ryosuke Suzuki, Tatsuya Kato, Enoch Y Park","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01831","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue virus (DENV) causes dengue fever, the leading mosquito-borne viral disease affecting millions globally. Licensed vaccines have their restrictions, and the development of vaccines is in progress to overcome the limitations. In this study, we expressed two types of virus-like particles (VLPs) and four DENV serotype antigens, 1EDIII-4EDIII (tetEDIII), in silkworm larvae and engineered them into tetravalent VLPs (tetVLPs) displaying tetEDIII. Canine parvovirus-like particles (CPV-LPs) were self-assembled <i>in vivo</i> from viral protein VP2 of CPV (CPV-VP2) as heterologous VLPs; dengue virus capsid-like particles (DENV C-LPs) from capsid protein of DENV serotype 2 (DENV-C2) as homologous VLPs. The tetEDIII was displayed on the surface of CPV-LPs and DENV C-LPs through <i>in vitro</i> SpyTag/SpyCatcher (SpT/SpC) covalent ligation. The EDIII display of CPV-LP is better than that of DENV C-LP. Both tetEDIII-displaying tetravalent CPV-LPs (tetCPV-LPs) and tetravalent DENV C-LPs (tetDENV C-LPs) elicited neutralizing antibodies in BALB/c mice assayed through the single-round infectious particles (SRIP) method. The immunogenicity of tetDENV C-LPs for anti-IgG EDIIIs was higher than that of tetCPV-LPs for serotypes 1 and 3. The neutralization activity of tetDENV C-LPs was higher than that of tetCPV-LPs for D1-SRIP, while tetCPV-LPs were higher than that of tetDENV C-LPs for D2- and D4-SRIP. These results suggest that homologous tetDENV C-LPs and heterologous tetCPV-LPs can be suitable vaccine candidates for further evaluation. This result is the first report to display a tetEDIII on the surface of the DENV C-LPs and the CPV-LPs by <i>in vitro</i> bioconjugation.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"2003-2013"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01368
Nora Ejderyan, Yavuz Oz, Rana Sanyal, Amitav Sanyal
{"title":"Redox-Responsive Cleavable Polymeric Brush Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Post-Polymerization Modification for Cellular Targeting.","authors":"Nora Ejderyan, Yavuz Oz, Rana Sanyal, Amitav Sanyal","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01368","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymer brush-coated magnetic nanoparticles find applications in areas from diagnostics to drug delivery. Generally, the brushes are irreversibly tethered onto the nanoparticle surface through robust chemical linkages to withstand diverse environments. The ability to trigger the release of the polymer brushes from the nanoparticle surface once they reach the intracellular environment would be a useful attribute. In this study, we report polymer brushes that undergo release from the nanoparticle surface in a redox-responsive fashion. Furthermore, cleaving the polymer brush also enables precise determination of their molecular weight. Also, we show that fluorescently labeled polymer brushes undergo chain-end functionalization using maleimide-containing dye and peptides. Installing integrin-targeting peptides onto the surface enhances their cellular internalization. One could envision that the redox-responsive polymer brush-coated magnetic nanoparticles disclosed here would be an attractive platform for applications where intracellular cleavage of polymeric chains would enhance their performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1555-1570"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01716
Zexin Yan, Tianlong Li, Jiawei Liu, Juejiao Fan, Shinan Ma, Li Zhao, Chunyan Bao
{"title":"Triphenylphosphine-Initiated Ring-Opening Polymerization for α-Helical Polypeptides and Application in Constructing Artificial Ion Channels.","authors":"Zexin Yan, Tianlong Li, Jiawei Liu, Juejiao Fan, Shinan Ma, Li Zhao, Chunyan Bao","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01716","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we have screened out an effective triphenylphosphine-derived initiator (<b>2-TMOPP</b>) for efficient ring-opening polymerization of α-amino acid <i>N</i>-carboxyanhydrides (NCA ROP) and demonstrated the potential of the prepared helical polypeptide as an efficient ion channel. By optimizing polymerization conditions, <b>2-TMOPP</b> exhibited precise control over the molecular weight and polydispersity index for the prepared polypeptides, the universality for different NCA monomers, and the ability to form α-helical secondary structures. By further incorporating ion binding groups and regulating the molecular length, α-helical polypeptide <b>PLCE</b> was capable of inserting into lipid bilayers and possessing the function of ion transport (H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> antiport) via a channel mechanism (EC<sub>50</sub> = 12.75 ± 1.58 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>). <b>PLCE</b> also showed anticancer activity toward HeLa cells, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of approximately 69.67 ± 1.20 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> after 20 h coculture, showing the possibility for future practical application in biomedical fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1904-1912"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01490
Yunhan Li, Can Su, Fanghui Hu, Jiahuan Ling, Zhidong Zhang, Lihui Zhang
{"title":"Transforming Poly(butylene adipate-<i>co</i>-terephthalate) into Protocatechuic Acid via Enzymatic Degradation and Whole-Cell Catalysis.","authors":"Yunhan Li, Can Su, Fanghui Hu, Jiahuan Ling, Zhidong Zhang, Lihui Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01490","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poly(butylene adipate-<i>co</i>-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a biodegradable plastic with increasing applications that degrades rapidly in composting, but its sole degradation limits residual value utilization. Therefore, new strategies for converting PBAT to valuable products are needed. In this study, enzymatic degradation was applied to hydrolyze PBAT, and an engineered <i>Escherichia coli</i> strain was constructed and utilized as a whole-cell catalyst to synthesize protocatechuic acid (PCA), a valuable platform compound, from degradation products. By fine-tuning the overexpression of four enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway and optimizing catalytic conditions, the titer of PCA was increased 5.07-fold to 5.28 ± 0.05 g/L, achieving a 15.45 ± 1.04 wt % conversion rate from pure PBAT particles. Furthermore, the strategy was applicable to commercial PBAT/poly(lactic acid) (PLA), achieving a maximum conversion rate of 25.05 ± 1.21 wt %. Thus, a novel strategy to utilize the PBAT waste was established, which provides a reference for upgrading other macrowaste resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1701-1708"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-19DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01587
Bianka Golba, Zifu Zhong, Matteo Romio, Ruben Almey, Dieter Deforce, Maarten Dhaenens, Niek N Sanders, Edmondo M Benetti, Bruno G De Geest
{"title":"Cyclic Poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-Lipid Conjugates Are Good Alternatives to Poly(ethylene glycol)-Lipids for Lipid Nanoparticle mRNA Formulation.","authors":"Bianka Golba, Zifu Zhong, Matteo Romio, Ruben Almey, Dieter Deforce, Maarten Dhaenens, Niek N Sanders, Edmondo M Benetti, Bruno G De Geest","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01587","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with ionizable cationic lipids have revolutionized RNA drug delivery, playing a key role in the success of mRNA-based therapeutics, such as COVID-19 vaccines. A vital component of these LNPs is the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-lipid conjugate, which enhances colloidal stability but may trigger the production of anti-PEG antibodies, resulting in accelerated blood clearance (ABC) and diminished therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we explored poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOXA) as an alternative stabilizing agent for mRNA LNPs. We synthesized both cyclic and linear PMOXA, conjugated them to dialkyl lipids, and created lipid-polymer amphiphiles. We systematically evaluated how polymer topology influenced the physicochemical properties of LNPs, including in vitro cellular uptake, transfection efficiency, and protein corona formation, and directly compared these properties with those of PEG-stabilized counterparts. In vivo experiments in mice further assessed the biodistribution and protein translation efficiency of these LNPs following intravenous administration. Our results showed that cyclic PMOXA conjugates not only matched but potentially surpassed the performance of PEG-based analogues, highlighting their promise as a superior alternative in mRNA-LNP formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1816-1825"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01750
Xingyu Chen, Fuhao Dong, Sasa Wang, He Liu, Xu Xu
{"title":"High-Durability Cellulose-Based Composite Paper with Superior Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.","authors":"Xingyu Chen, Fuhao Dong, Sasa Wang, He Liu, Xu Xu","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01750","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Highly efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are critical for portable hardware and flexible electronics, where mechanical durability often poses challenges. Here, the excellent wear resistance and flexibility of thermoplastic polyurethane are utilized to provide a \"protective layer\" for EMI equipment. A carbon nanotube/cellulose/thermoplastic polyurethane (CNT/paper/TPU) composite paper with a three-layer structure was prepared using a coating method. Strong hydrogen bonds between CNTs, cellulose, and TPU ensured robust integration. The composite, with a thickness of 0.54 mm and conductivity of 1040 S/m, achieved exceptional EMI shielding effectiveness of 69.0 dB. It demonstrated durability against water, solvents, bending, and friction while maintaining shielding performance. Furthermore, its excellent mechanical properties and fatigue resistance significantly enhance equipment lifespan. Therefore, it is expected that this work will open a simple strategy for developing materials with excellent durable EMI shielding properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1968-1977"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01481
Yehao Chen, Bo Yuan, Zhixuan Yang, Shifeng Yan, Kaixuan Ren, Qingmeng Pi, Yan Liu, Jingbo Yin
{"title":"Catalase-like Nanozyme-Hybrid Hydrogels Utilizing Endogenous ROS as an Oxygen Source To Synergically Regulate Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia for Enhanced Diabetic Wound Healing.","authors":"Yehao Chen, Bo Yuan, Zhixuan Yang, Shifeng Yan, Kaixuan Ren, Qingmeng Pi, Yan Liu, Jingbo Yin","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01481","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hypoxia in diabetic wounds significantly hinder the healing process. In this work, a kind of catalase-like nanozyme-hybrid hydrogel was developed to explore the potential of harnessing endogenous excessive ROS as an oxygen source to synergistically regulate oxidative stress and hypoxia, thereby enhancing diabetic wound healing. The hydrogels exhibited rapid degradation and controlled release of ferrihydrite nanozymes in response to oxidative stress, which continuously catalyzed the decomposition of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> to generate oxygen, effectively scavenging ROS and reducing the risk of local oxygen toxicity. The hydrogels relieved intracellular oxidative stress and the hypoxic microenvironment simultaneously in vitro. The hydrogel dressings effectively inhibited oxidative damage at wound sites, promoted epidermis formation and collagen deposition, and significantly accelerated wound healing in db/db mice. Therefore, the catalase-like nanozyme-hybrid hydrogels represent a promising strategy for diabetic wound dressings, addressing both oxidative stress and hypoxia to improve healing outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1672-1685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiomacromoleculesPub Date : 2025-03-10Epub Date: 2025-02-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01469
Tripti Kundu, Jeremy C Smith, Madhulika Gupta
{"title":"Effect of Acetylation Patterns of Xylan on Interactions with Cellulose.","authors":"Tripti Kundu, Jeremy C Smith, Madhulika Gupta","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01469","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study demonstrates that the change in the degree of xylan acetylation significantly alters the 2-fold screw population that effectively interacts with the (100) hydrophobic cellulose, while such effects are less prominent for the (110) hydrophilic surface. All of the acetylated xylans reveal an ≈10-40% higher 2-fold population on the hydrophobic cellulose due to higher xylan-cellulose contacts. Deviations from periodic acetylation result in much lower 2-fold conformations, despite a comparable number of xylan-cellulose hydrogen bonds and contacts. Thus, it can be hypothesized that a specific and unique set of xylan: cellulose interactions mediate the formation of 2-fold xylan to interact with cellulose, which is also a 2-fold screw. Highly acetylated xylans desorb from cellulose, while low acetylated xylans show dependence on the topology of the cellulose surface. These findings provide additional insights into plant cell wall microstructure dynamics and inform future strategies for efficient biomass deconstruction in biofuel production.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"1659-1671"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}