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Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century最新文献

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Peacebuilding and Gender Inclusivity 建设和平与性别包容
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0022
Adrineh Gregorian
{"title":"Peacebuilding and Gender Inclusivity","authors":"Adrineh Gregorian","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0022","url":null,"abstract":"The work of women’s groups and organizations in conflict zones is underestimated and underresourced, yet these groups continue to be a voice of the marginalized. By examining the case of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, this chapter seeks to demonstrate how women’s role in peacebuilding is pivotal and should not be trivialized. Women have proven to be more nonviolent, they have differentiated needs in conflict, and they are more successful at utilizing out-of-the-box methods. When official top-down approaches fail women, civil society organizations step in to fill the gaps. Whereas formal negotiation tactics often seem to be fruitless, out-of-the-box tools are created to develop connections and safe spaces to share, listen, and build empathy. These steps should not be overlooked; instead, they underscore that women’s inclusion in peace processes is imperative.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"43 37","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120877417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Honor Killing of Qandeel Baloch 坎迪尔·俾路支的荣誉谋杀
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0008
Sarah Ahmed
{"title":"The Honor Killing of Qandeel Baloch","authors":"Sarah Ahmed","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Qandeel Baloch, a controversial Pakistani social media star, was killed by her brother in 2016 in the name of “honor.” Using Qandeel’s honor killing as a case study, this chapter analyzes honor killings to gain a better understanding of what they are, their prevalence, and the factors attributable to them, particularly in South Asia. The chapter also examines the role that social media has played globally in giving marginalized populations a voice and platform online while simultaneously making them more vulnerable to cyberbullying, harassment, and, in Qandeel’s case, even death. Through contextual and empirical accounts, the chapter cautions readers to not think of honor killings as a faith-based problem confined to a particular geographical region but, rather, as a larger epidemic that is strongly rooted in a culture that persists, to a small extent, in developed countries as well.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116644002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Sexual Assault on College Campuses in the United States 美国大学校园中的性侵犯
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0004
A. Brammer, Kristen L. Zaleski, C. Klemmer
{"title":"Sexual Assault on College Campuses in the United States","authors":"A. Brammer, Kristen L. Zaleski, C. Klemmer","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual assault on college campuses is a global issue, with women’s victimization rates ranging from 13.8% in Nigeria to 77.6% in Turkey. Although the vast majority of studies on this particular form of violence against women have been conducted in the United States, studies from throughout the world have revealed the epidemic of sexual violence on college campuses. This chapter surveys the prominence of sexual victimization on college campus and discusses college subcultures, diversity considerations, endorsement of rape culture, prevention programming, and current political policy debates that impact a solution for college sexual assault predation. Global incidence is discussed, but this discussion is framed within the US college culture. The chapter concludes with a discussion of current advocacy efforts and some recommendations for change within prevention programming.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121842802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Domestic Violence in Kyrgyzstan 吉尔吉斯斯坦的家庭暴力
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0017
Saltanat Childress, Elizabeth M. Aparicio, J. Messing
{"title":"Domestic Violence in Kyrgyzstan","authors":"Saltanat Childress, Elizabeth M. Aparicio, J. Messing","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0017","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is based on the stories of 16 women residing in a domestic violence shelter in Kyrgyzstan. It examines the experiences of these women with regard to domestic violence and help-seeking, focusing on their strength and resilience in searching for ways to find safety, voice, and empowerment. The chapter deconstructs the myths and cultural biases that seem to encourage or support violence, and it discusses how cultural and societal beliefs influence this violence and serve as a deterrent to help-seeking. The chapter disentangles these different myths from the viewpoint of the status of daughter-in-law and the role of mother-in-law in the Kyrgyz society, and it discusses how traditional norms and attitudes are used to justify and perpetuate abuse. It presents women’s ideas for helping and empowering other women, their outlook and lessons learned, and discusses potential entry points and pathways for change.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123858610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Stepping Forward, Standing Strong 迈步向前，坚强站立
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0015
Annalisa Enrile, Dorotea Mendoza
{"title":"Stepping Forward, Standing Strong","authors":"Annalisa Enrile, Dorotea Mendoza","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"The term human rights defenders was coined after the ratification of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights in 1998. The term encompasses those who identify and act as advocates, activists, professionals, and workers; those who monitor and take reports; and others who work in the human rights arena. The point of unity that all human rights defenders share is that they seek to promote and protect basic civil rights. They may do this in multiple capacities, including providing legal aid, mental health services, casework, and general protection such as providing shelter or security. The work of human rights defenders is difficult and dangerous. In 2017, more than 300 human rights defenders were killed. The Philippines has a history of violations in the spheres of labor, politics, and gender rights. In 2017, there were human rights violations in the form of more than 350,000 displaced persons, more than 4,000 extrajudicial killings, overpopulated prisons, and the trafficking of thousands of women and children. The most effective way to address these violations is through transnational organizing and movement building, cultivating international alliances of women who fight abuses against human rights defenders. These organizations and coalitions operate beyond borders and create change through engagement.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128318277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Women of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Reservation 夏延河苏族部落保留地的妇女
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0005
C. Soto, Toni Handboy, Ruth Supranovich, E. Weiss
{"title":"The Women of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Reservation","authors":"C. Soto, Toni Handboy, Ruth Supranovich, E. Weiss","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes the impact of colonialism on indigenous women with a focus on the experience of the Lakota women on the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Reservation in South Dakota. It explores the experiences of indigenous women as related to history, culture, intrapersonal violence, and internalized oppression. A case study of a Lakota woman is provided as an example of strength and triumph in overcoming adversity and being empowered despite the challenges of marginalization faced by many Native Americans in the United States and indigenous women throughout the world. The chapter discusses how readers can be advocates and actively engage in decolonizing and dismantling systems of oppression to protect future generations and to allow indigenous communities to heal and revitalize.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130067924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Non-Consensual Image Sharing 非自愿的图片分享
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0007
J. T. Klein, Kristen L. Zaleski
{"title":"Non-Consensual Image Sharing","authors":"J. T. Klein, Kristen L. Zaleski","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Non-consensual image sharing is a 21st-century concern at the intersection of some of the most difficult challenges of our time: sexual trauma, victims’ rights, internet privacy, and free speech. Also known as non-consensual pornography, technology-facilitated violence, and revenge pornography, the phenomenon occurs when sexually explicit, nude or semi-nude photos are distributed without the consent of the individual pictured. This chapter explores non-consensual image sharing research and discusses trends as well as future questions that have yet to be answered about the pervasiveness of this problem. It is asserted that research on the impact of cyber sexual exploitation on victims is needed, as are initiatives that integrate victim resources, tools for law enforcement, and technical resources to identify and remove content.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122634483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Dating Violence in China 中国的约会暴力
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0018
Xiying Wang
{"title":"Dating Violence in China","authors":"Xiying Wang","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Dating violence is aggressive behavior that occurs in intimate dating relationships; it includes physical assault, verbal and psychological aggression, and sexual coercion. This chapter discusses the issue of dating violence globally, with a focus on China. The chapter first presents a case of date rape. It then describes the prevalence of dating violence locally and globally and discusses the risk factors and protective factors. Next, it highlights how transnational feminism is adopted to understand the phenomenon. The chapter situates dating violence in China in the historical trends of women’s movement and violence research. The chapter deconstructs the current myths regarding dating violence and illustrates the current creative advocacy and activism among Chinese young people.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131979266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Child Marriage in the United States 美国的童婚
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0012
Aditi Wahi-Singh, Kristen L. Zaleski
{"title":"Child Marriage in the United States","authors":"Aditi Wahi-Singh, Kristen L. Zaleski","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"According to the United Nations, child marriage often is a result of gender bias and discrimination by families that choose boys over girls to pursue education. Advocates argue that early marriage creates a permanent end to a girl’s childhood more often than a boy’s childhood because of early forced sexual encounters, early pregnancy, and premature exit from school to attend to household chores for the new husband. Child marriages have consistently been linked with early, more frequent, and more unwanted pregnancies compared with adult marriages in developing countries. Women married as children often experience significantly greater life stressors and higher rates of suicidal thoughts and attempts than do women married as adults. Despite what is known globally about child marriage, the United States continues to legally allow the practice. This chapter explores the limited information on American child brides and discusses policy and practice implications of this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123412483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Public Meets Private 公众与私人会面
Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0009
Ana Gutierrez Lopez, Michelle C. S. Greene, Terri Minniear, Annalisa Enrile
{"title":"Public Meets Private","authors":"Ana Gutierrez Lopez, Michelle C. S. Greene, Terri Minniear, Annalisa Enrile","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927097.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Japan is a conservative shame-based collectivist culture. Abuse of girls has been overt since the 1980s. In particular, fetishes such as the “schoolgirl” obsession plague the country. Privately, Japan has a history of incest, close family structures, and few home interventions to stop this abuse. As a masculine and patriarchal society in which men recently saw their status change during Japan’s last recession, sexual taboos have been both normalized and ignored in the public domain, resulting in fetish clubs, virtual reality dating sims, love hotels, and burusera shops. Groping of girls on packed trains has become so rampant in Japan that offenders now have their own name—“chikan.” The rise of technology has helped facilitate these fetishes, crossing borders and requiring a transnational understanding and response to address these issues. Movements such as the “stop chikan campaign” and gender-specific train cars are local remedies that have garnered international support.","PeriodicalId":309838,"journal":{"name":"Women's Journey to Empowerment in the 21st Century","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133461796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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