{"title":"Carbohydrate-Mediated Drug Targeting-A Review","authors":"K. Seyrek, D. Aksit, H. Aksit, O. Yildiz","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20150330105811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20150330105811","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Conventional drugs used in cancer therapy have extended the survival time of patients, however mortality has not significantly decreased. It is evident that there is a need to develop a new, more effective and less toxic compounds in cancer treatment. A promising new approach is based on the deciphering of biological information encoded in β-galactose-containing glycoconjugates and to find out the biological role(s) of carbohydrate binding proteins/galectins, which able to convert encoded information into biological and pathological reactions. Galectins can alter cellular interactions and have important roles in cell cycle, apoptosis and metastases. This review aimed to provide an overview on the potential advantages concerning understanding the mechanism of action of galectin-3 (gal-3) as a therapeutic agent for cancer. Galectin-3 has been found to be upregulated in many types of cancer including colon, gastric, renal and non-small cell lung cancer. Results of several studies indicating that gal-3 plays a dynamic role in the tumorogenesis and metastatic process, and showing that blockers/inhibitors of gal-3 could have important therapeutic potential in cancer.","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"11 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116024080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of potassium iodide on growth of Sporothrix schenckii in yeast form","authors":"Rajesh Bareja, P. Grover, S. Mehra","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20160414060306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20160414060306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121916476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Medical Usage of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), an Active Compound of Propolis, in Neurological Disorders and Emergencies","authors":"S. Akyol, F. Armutcu, M. R. Yiğitoğlu","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20110208013739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20110208013739","url":null,"abstract":"Propolis is a compound produced by honey bee with a heavy beautiful odor after a serial process in his saliva. Normally, this product has been used by honey bee to protect the hives from some enfected single cells such as bacteria and fungi, to embalm the foreign materials, and to repair all the cracks within the hives. Grunberger and his friends from Columbia University located in New York extracted and identified caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) from propolis. It is an active compound which has several functions like antioxidant. After that time, a lot of scientists started to study this great compound and published their hundreds of findings in medical journals. In early 1990s, CAPE was produced by Sigma-Aldrich company as a commercial product and the scientists have been easily get it from the company branches and use it their medical researches. \u0000In this review article, it is going to be tried to answer some questions on what was CAPE’s usage and how in neurological disorders and neurological emergencies. In the experimental studies, it has been found to be a unique agent in preventing reperfusion injuries after ischemia reperfusion processes and also it is going to find a new usage area in geriatric disorders itself under the light of the findings from experimental animal models.","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117314728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of smoking on periodontal health and oral hygiene habits","authors":"Ahmet Aydoðdu, Müge Lütfioðlu, E.Eser Sakallýoðlu","doi":"10.5455/spatula.20150708051821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/spatula.20150708051821","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of smoking amount on periodontal health status and oral hygiene habits in the present study. \u0000Methods: Routine clinical peridontal records and patient histories of one hundred and ninty two individuals, i.e. i) Silness –Loepalque index (PI), ii) Loe-Silness index (GI), iii) bleeding on probing (BOP), iv) probing pocket depth (PPD), (v) clinical attachment level (CAL), (vi) number of teeth in mouth (NT), vii) tooth brushing frequency, (viii) usage of interdental cleaning instruments and (ix) amount of smoking, were collected and utilized to constitute the study groups. Group classification was done regarding Daily cigarette consumption: Group 1 as never smoked before, Group 2 as 1-5/day, Group 3 as 6-10/day, Group 4 as 11-20/day and Group 5 as >20/day. Then, the group data were analysed and compared statistically. \u0000Results: There were statistically significant differences among the groups by means of PPD (p","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128463589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mutagenic and antimicrobial evaluation of methanol extract from Allium kharputense Freyn Et. Sint","authors":"E. Erdogan, Erdal Yabalak, A. Everest, A. Gizir","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20151124063207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20151124063207","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Allium kharputense Freyn Et. Sint (Liliaceae) is a wild species and grows naturally in eastern Turkey, Iraq, and Iran. This plant is widely used in traditional medicine in the world and to the best of our knowledge its antimicrobial and mutagenic activities had never been investigated before. For this, we firstly reported antimicrobial and mutagenic properties of the methanol extract (MtE) from Allium kharputense. \u0000Methods:In the present study, antimicrobial and mutagenic activity of methanol extract (MtE) from Allium kharputense wasinvestigated with microdilution method and Umu-test Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002, respectively. \u0000Results: We reported that MtE of A. kharputense is quite active on Bacillus subtilis and Candida neoformans with the MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) concentrations of 62.5 mg/ml and 7.8 mg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, we determined that the concentration of 31.2 mg/ml of methanol extract (MtE) of the plant has the mutagenic potencial with metabolic activation S9 mix.","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114826085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity of Aloeswood Tea in vitro","authors":"W. Han, Xican Li","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20120331054309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20120331054309","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: As a typical healthcare tea, aloeswood tea becomes more popular in China now. The present study tried to systematically evaluate the antioxidant ability in vitro of aloeswood tea for the first time. \u0000METHODS: Methanolic extract of aloeswood tea (MEAT) was prepared and measured by DPPH•, ABTS+•, •O2, •OH, reducing power (Fe3+ & Cu2+), lipid peroxidation, metal-chelating assays (Fe2+ & Cu2+). Then, the total phenol content was measured by spectrophotometre method. \u0000RESULTS: The IC50 values of MEAT were calculated as 11.63±0.16, 2.05±0.060, 7.73±0.35, 31.20±0.57, 18.56±1.60, 16.25±0.10, 0.49±0.05, 94.24±3.19, 134.01±7.04 μg/mL, respectively, for DPPH•, ABTS+•, •O2-, •OH, reducing power (Fe3+ & Cu2+), lipid peroxidation, metal-chelating assays (Fe2+ & Cu2+). The total phenol content in MEAT was found to be 157.41±6.51 mg GAE/g. \u0000CONCLUSION: Aloeswood tea shows excellent in vitro antioxidant activity which may contribute to its healthcare functions and pharmacological benefits. Its antioxidant ability could be attributed to phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids which may exert antioxidant action in vitro by both chelating metal ions, and scavenging free radicals via donating hydrogen atom (H•) or electron (e).","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"90 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127734368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Sheeraz, Mohd. Aleemuddin Quamari, Zaheer Ahmed
{"title":"A Comparative Clinical Study on the Effects of Mehjama Nariya and Hijamat Bila Shart in Irqunnasa (Sciatica)","authors":"Mohammed Sheeraz, Mohd. Aleemuddin Quamari, Zaheer Ahmed","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20131127023056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20131127023056","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Irqunnasa (Sciatica) is one of the commonest neuralgic pains in lower limbs. The overall incidence of this condition is approximately between 13% and 40 % with the malady has the potential to become chronic and intractable with major socioeconomic implications. Several Unani medical regimens are claimed to be effective in its treatment, but are not corroborated. In order to validate scientifically, two different regimens viz; Mehjama Nariya (Fire cupping) and Hijamat Bila Shurt (Dry cupping) were selected to evaluate their effects comparatively in Irqunnasa by an open label, prospective, simple randomized, observational study. \u0000Methods: Diagnosed cases of Irqunnasa aged between 18 to 65 years of either gender fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly allocated after obtaining voluntary informed consent into two groups of 20 patients each viz; Group A Mehjama Nariya and Group B Hijamat Bila Shurt. Treatment protocol was followed for 15 days in both groups. \u0000Results: Mean visual analogue scale (VAS) scores before treatment in Group A was 10 and Group B was 9.4, while after treatment it declined to 6 in Group A and 6.6 in Group B. This reduction was found statistically significant in both groups (p< 0.01). The Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores in both groups revealed significant difference (p","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128090978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of herbal drugs as alternative medicine: Experience of Iraqi patients -","authors":"K. A. Kadhim, A. N. Abbas, S. Hussain","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20160313010203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20160313010203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"6 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126004730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. N. Chukwurah, E. A. Brisibe, Lenin Imoh Ekwere, E. Ekerette, Kilsi Borgbara
{"title":"Comparative assessment of annual wormwood and local accessions of bitter leaf for antioxidant composition and activity","authors":"P. N. Chukwurah, E. A. Brisibe, Lenin Imoh Ekwere, E. Ekerette, Kilsi Borgbara","doi":"10.5455/spatula.20160419022147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/spatula.20160419022147","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate ethanol extracts of two anti-malarial herbs from Asteraceae family, annual wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) and bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del.), for antioxidant composition and activity. \u0000Methods: Aerial leaves from both herbs were sampled at flowering stage, extracted with 95% ethanol and resulting crude extracts evaluated for antioxidant composition and activity using selected assay systems. \u0000Results: Extract yield from annual wormwood doubled the mean yield from four bitter leaf accessions studied, while its total phenol content (5.19 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents/ 1 g dry weight) was nearly ten folds (p","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121750119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Argan Yağının Biyolojik Aktiviteleri ve Tedavide Kullanılışı","authors":"Mukadder Çetin, Didem Deliorman Orhan","doi":"10.5455/SPATULA.20150616061703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/SPATULA.20150616061703","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309051,"journal":{"name":"Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131448058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}