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International journal of sport biomechanics最新文献

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Intrasubject Variability of Upper Extremity Angular Kinematics in the Tennis Forehand Drive 网球正手扣球上肢角度运动的主体内变异性
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-11-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.4.415
D. Knudson
{"title":"Intrasubject Variability of Upper Extremity Angular Kinematics in the Tennis Forehand Drive","authors":"D. Knudson","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.4.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.4.415","url":null,"abstract":"The intra subject variability of the angular kinematics of the wrist and elbow joints in the tennis forehand drive were studied. Two varsity tennis players were filmed as they performed flat forehand drives. The DLT method of 3-D reconstruction was used to measure the angular motion of the upper extremity for eight strokes to assess the intra subject variability of selected kinematic variables. Curves were synchronized to impact and averaged. Wrist and elbow angular position data were quite consistent, with curve coefficients of variation (CV) less than 5.9%. The consistent angular positions during the forward stroke did not result from highly consistent patterns of angular velocities or accelerations. For both the wrist and elbow joints, intra subject variability increased for the angular velocity (CV = 90.6%) and angular acceleration (CV = 129.5%) curves. Biomechanical studies comparing derivatives or kinetic variables across subjects may have to be interpreted with reference to intra subject variability.","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"94 Suppl D 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123789579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 55
A Dual Piezoelectric Element Force Pedal for Kinetic Analysis of Cycling 一种用于自行车运动分析的双压电元件力踏板
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-11-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.4.394
J. Broker, R. Gregor
{"title":"A Dual Piezoelectric Element Force Pedal for Kinetic Analysis of Cycling","authors":"J. Broker, R. Gregor","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.4.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.4.394","url":null,"abstract":"In light of substantial interest in the measurement of rider-induced loads, a new bicycle pedal instrumentation system is presented. The system employs dual piezoelectric transducers and permits the measurement of three components of a uniaxial load, moments about the pedal’s vertical axis, and the point of application of the applied load. Force and moment patterns derived from pedal output agree with previously reported data. Unique to this design, however, is the determination of center of pressure—and these data indicate that the applied load location varies during the pedaling cycle, with a significant effect on the calculated pedal moment.","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"21 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131231692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 58
Influence of Body Mass on Energy Cost of Roller Skiing 身体质量对轮滑运动能量消耗的影响
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-11-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.4.374
M. Hoffman, P. Clifford, B. Bota, M. Mandli, G. M. Jones
{"title":"Influence of Body Mass on Energy Cost of Roller Skiing","authors":"M. Hoffman, P. Clifford, B. Bota, M. Mandli, G. M. Jones","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.4.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.4.374","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical analysis was used to evaluate the effect of body mass on the mechanical power cost of cross-country skiing and roller skiing on flat terrain. The relationships between body mass and the power cost of overcoming friction were found to be different between cross-country skiing on snow and roller skiing. Nevertheless, it was predicted that the heavier skier should have a lower oxygen cost per unit of body mass for roller skiing, as is the case for snow skiing. To determine whether the theoretical analysis was supported by experimental data, oxygen consumption measurements were performed during roller skiing by six male cross-country ski racers who spanned a 17.3-kg range in body mass. The theoretical analysis was supported by the experimental findings of decreases in oxygen consumption for each kg increase in body mass of approximately 1.0% for the double pole technique, 1.8% for the kick double pole technique, and 0.6% for the VI skate technique.","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124830136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
Kinematic Analysis of Top American Female 100-meter Hurdlers 美国顶尖女子100米跨栏运动员的运动学分析
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-11-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.4.386
G. S. Rash, J. Garrett, Michelle Voisin
{"title":"Kinematic Analysis of Top American Female 100-meter Hurdlers","authors":"G. S. Rash, J. Garrett, Michelle Voisin","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.4.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.4.386","url":null,"abstract":"Six of the top 10 American female 100-meter hurdlers were analyzed for biomechanical factors. This was accomplished by using three 16mm Locam high-speed cameras operating at 100/fps. The first five strides out of the blocks and the strides prior to, over, and after the fourth hurdle were analyzed for kinematic parameters. Stride lengths, support times, and nonsupport times were measured out of the blocks and about the fourth hurdle. Additional information concerning the knee angle of the lead leg at ground contact and the distance between the whole body center of gravity (WBCG) and the center of gravity (CG) of the lead leg’s foot at ground contact were also analyzed about the fourth hurdle. Generally, the women who were in the air the shortest amount of time for the first two strides out of the blocks obtained the greatest velocity in the first five strides. Also, the results of this study indicate that it may not be a question of needing to flex the knee of the lead leg coming off the hurdle to decrease...","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113988921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
A Compact Portable Data Acquisition Module for Sports Biomechanics Research 一种用于运动生物力学研究的小型便携式数据采集模块
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-11-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.4.404
J. Newmiller, M. Hull
{"title":"A Compact Portable Data Acquisition Module for Sports Biomechanics Research","authors":"J. Newmiller, M. Hull","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.4.404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.4.404","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes a new portable digital data acquisition module, which has been developed for the measurement and temporary storage of signals from mobile biomechanical phenomena in the field. The module’s performance capabilities include 32 available analog input channels, a 12-bit analog-to-digital converter, maximum throughput of 57,040 samples per second, and a temporary storage capacity of up to 253,000 samples. The portable power source is a rechargeable battery pack, and the appropriate sensors and sensor signal conditioning circuits are supplied by the user to meet the particular needs of the phenomena under study. The size of the signal conditioning, battery pack, and data acquisition module is such that it can be carried in a belt pack worn by a subject under study and weighs less than 3 kgf. To facilitate the use of the module, operating software complements the hardware. The software is comprehensive functionally in that routines are provided for acquiring data, for transferring acquired...","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129632261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Landing Leg Motion and Performance in the Horizontal Jumps I: The Long Jump 在水平跳远中落地腿的动作和表现I:跳远
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-11-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.4.343
T. Koh, J. Hay
{"title":"Landing Leg Motion and Performance in the Horizontal Jumps I: The Long Jump","authors":"T. Koh, J. Hay","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.4.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.4.343","url":null,"abstract":"The motions of the landing leg in the final three strides of the approach in the long jump are described, as are the relationships of these landing leg motions with performance. Film analysis of 19 elite male long jumpers competing in the 1986 and 1987 TAG (U.S. national) Championships showed that backward sweeping, or “active,” landings were used in each stride considered. However, the landing in the last stride was less active than those in the two preceding strides. A mathematical model showed that muscle action reduced the forward horizontal velocity of the landing foot in each landing. There were no statistically significant correlations of measures of landing leg motion with measures of performance. However, there was some indication that landing leg motion plays a role in lowering the center of gravity in the second-last stride and that this lowering increases the distance of the jump. There was also some indication that placing the landing foot well forward of the body at the end of the last strid...","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114738042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 40
A Biomechanical Analysis of Amputee Athlete Gait 截肢运动员步态的生物力学分析
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-08-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.3.262
A. Smith
{"title":"A Biomechanical Analysis of Amputee Athlete Gait","authors":"A. Smith","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.3.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.3.262","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of the present study were to quantify lower limb kinetics and kinematics during walking and slow jogging of below-knee amputee athletes and to demonstrate the usefulness of the additional information provided by kinetic analyses as compared to that of kinematic assessments alone. Kinematic and force platform data from three amputee subjects were collected while the subjects walked and jogged in the laboratory. Results indicated that neither prosthesis (SACH and an energy-storing carbon fiber or ESCF) emulated the kinetics or the kinematics of so-called normal gait during walking. While the knee joint on the prosthetic side clearly tended to be biased toward extension during stance, the knee flexors were dominant and acted concentrically during this phase of the gait cycle. An examination of prosthetic limb hip and knee joint kinetics at both cadences revealed the functional role played by the hamstrings early in stance. The results indicated that with increasing cadence, less variability, measure...","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122082649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Measurement of the Modeling Parameters for a Maxiflex “B” Springboard Maxiflex“B”型跳板建模参数的测量
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-08-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.3.325
E. Sprigings, D. Stilling, L. Watson, Paul D. Dorotich
{"title":"Measurement of the Modeling Parameters for a Maxiflex “B” Springboard","authors":"E. Sprigings, D. Stilling, L. Watson, Paul D. Dorotich","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.3.325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.3.325","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristic modeling parameters (spring stiffness and effective mass ratio) were determined experimentally for a Maxiflex “B” board. The results indicated that the Maxiflex “B” board was substantially less stiff than a Duraflex board. Most of this decrease in stiffness is a result of the added second taper in the Maxiflex “B” board. Calculations, based on theory, revealed that the perforations in the Maxiflex “B” board reduced the local stiffness over the end region of the board by an additional 10%. As a result of its greater compliancy, the Maxiflex board also had an effective mass ratio that was greater than that of the Duraflex. It was clear from these experiments that the acknowledged superiority of the Maxiflex “B” board over the Duraflex could be attributed directly to the increased compliancy found in the Maxiflex “B” board.","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123503009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
A Regression Analysis of High Jumping Technique 跳高技术的回归分析
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-08-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.3.246
J. Dapena, C. McDonald, J. Cappaert
{"title":"A Regression Analysis of High Jumping Technique","authors":"J. Dapena, C. McDonald, J. Cappaert","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.3.246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.3.246","url":null,"abstract":"It is difficult to ascertain for an individual high jumper the optimum values of the horizontal velocity and height of the center of mass at the end of the approach ran (VHO and H0, respectively) and of the activeness of the arms during the takeoff phase (AACT), because they depend on each athlete’s ability to resist buckling of the takeoff leg. However, the strongest jumpers will generally be those with the largest vertical elocity values at the end of the takeoff phase (VZ1). Therefore, VZ1 may serve as a rough indicator of a high jumper’s ability to resist buckling. This project derived equations that permit the use of the measured VZ1 value of a high jumper to predict what values should be expected for VHO, H0, and AACT. Comparison of the predicted and actual values of these parameters should help to diagnose the technique deficiencies of individual jumpers.","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126370501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 49
The Choice between Bernoulli’s or Newton’s Model in Predicting Dynamic Lift 伯努利模型与牛顿模型在动力升力预测中的选择
International journal of sport biomechanics Pub Date : 1990-08-01 DOI: 10.1123/IJSB.6.3.235
E. Sprigings, J. Koehler
{"title":"The Choice between Bernoulli’s or Newton’s Model in Predicting Dynamic Lift","authors":"E. Sprigings, J. Koehler","doi":"10.1123/IJSB.6.3.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSB.6.3.235","url":null,"abstract":"This paper questions the appropriateness of using a model based on Bernoulli’s theorem to explain dynamic lift in sport. The authors discuss the relative merits of an alternative model based on Newton’s second and third principles.","PeriodicalId":308877,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sport biomechanics","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115533641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
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