Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies最新文献

{"title":"The CBmeter: designing innovative strategies for early diagnosis of metabolic diseases","authors":"M. Guarino, Marlene Lages, Ipek Suluova, Rui Fonseca Pinto, N. Lopes","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1001410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001410","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a disease with high prevalence worldwide, however, about 44% of patients are asymptomatic, which leads to a later diagnosis of the disease and, consequently, increases the risk of developing complications. The development of new approaches for early diagnosis is imperative to allow proper adoption of preventive measures. From a motivational point of view, it is easier for patients to adopt healthy eating habits and lifestyles when there is an altered marker that indicates subclinical disease, particularly in a pathology that remains asymptomatic until advanced stages. Thus, timely diagnosis based on a measurable and monitorable indicator is extremely important so that such behaviors are implemented as early as possible, increasing effective health gains and reducing the costs related to this pathology. Pre-clinical studies in animal models have shown that the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to alterations in the carotid bodies (CB), chemosensory organs located in the bifurcation of the carotid arteries. In animals with T2DM it has been observed that the CBs are overactivated causing an increased heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood glucose levels. In humans, this mechanism has been confirmed but is not yet well-characterized. This paper highlights the importance of developing a device that allows early detection of changes in CB activity correlating it with emerging diabetes. The design strategies to prototype the CBmeter were to model and characterize the features of interest for the diagnosis- respiratory rate, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation and glucose - in healthy people and people with diabetes using a combination of set commercial sensors pre-existent in the market that were integrated to collect real-time data. After determining health and disease patterns, the CBmeter development pipeline includes a co-design approach in which physiologists, endocrinologists, nurses, computer and electrical engineers, designers and patients are collaborating to develop an easy-to-use, portable, and minimally invasive medical device that associates CB function with endocrine dysregulation, with very small discomfort and risk for users. The definition and specification of the most appropriate architecture for the CBmeter, in order to allow its modularity, signal acquisition and consequently the communication between the sensor/device and the receiver/backend in the most efficient way is being allied to the selection of materials, tools and steps to create an innovative product, that will fill a technical gap in the market, designed for the early diagnosis of metabolic diseases, in a subclinical phase, with the potential to contribute with significant gains for public health in the medium/long term.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115250443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design in a Context of Social Equity: Therapy Rooms in Schools","authors":"Joana Saes, Augusto Deodato Guerreiro","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1001399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001399","url":null,"abstract":"The term design, used in the English language but whose origin goes back to Latin, “designare”, concentrates in itself a double meaning, that of “designating” and “drawing”. The concept of design entered the present world of communication and globalization from the nineteenth century through the three interconnected historical global processes: “Industrialization”, “Modern Urbanization” and “Globalization”, thus giving birth to a new form of represent and convey knowledge. Knowledge, in all contexts and situations, will only have to be available to everyone, in terms of ergonomics (but inclusive), accessibility and usability. Design, in a context of social equity, works on the needs of each individual and the same individual in the community, thus, it can be perceived as a tool that allows transforming spaces, equipment, and environments, according to the target audience requirements.As contemporary societies face global changes, so do the individuals. Studies show an increase of about 25% in cases of anxiety and depression in young people, motivated by the pandemic caused by Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID 19). UNICEF alerts of the high impact, on the mental health and well-being of children and young people, that the confinements, resulting from the current pandemic, continues to cause, as well as some type of loss in terms of education, in more than 1,6 billion children, as stated by Lusa (2021). The school emerges as a lifesaver, a space for education, socialization, and therapy, although not always equipped for the current reality that the world is going through. The classroom gives way to the therapy room, within the school itself, where students learn to deal with the new reality. Design emerges as an enabling tool to create suitable spaces for this new learning process. We intend to analyze existing cases, using a mixed theoretical, qualitative, and quantitative methodology, based on case study, survey and interviews, with the aim to assess the real potential of these therapy rooms in schools, their usability, and benefits for target audience. This article suggests a reflection on a concept of social design, for all, which may amaze everyone from the observational point of view, of sensoriocognitive comfort, in their contemplation and intellection in the hypothetical, revitalizing and multisensory ergonomic enjoyment of its beauty and personal and collective well-being. It is in this sense that we will make a journey through the “vital” importance that design represents for the human being as an integrating factor in society, in a conceptual perspective for the user, for his senses and multisensory, in the contexts and somatosensory and synesthetic situations, focusing on sensory and multisensory perception, where space, equipment, colour, and feeling take place.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131928294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Information, and Accessibility: News in Pandemic Times","authors":"Maria Luísa Costa, B. Paixão","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1001396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001396","url":null,"abstract":"Daily newspapers play a decisive role in informing citizens and involving them in society. The information they transmit must be clear and easily accessible. The design determines, to a great extent, the ease of access to information through page organization, content hierarchy, images, and color. To understand the importance of information about the pandemic in Portugal and how this relevance was manifested through design, we selected three key moments of the pandemic and analyzed the news published in the three Portuguese daily newspapers Correio da Manhã, Jornal de Notícias, and Público, regarding the number of pieces published, length, location on the page and use of iconography.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131131916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Utopia to Dystopia: Students Insights for the Development of Contemporary Societies through Design Fiction","authors":"Violeta Clemente, F. Pombo","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1001421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001421","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes an educational experience exploring the speculative essence of Design Fiction as a pedagogical tool to promote engineering students’ thinking skills within a Design Thinking course. The experience took place at a Portuguese University during the academic year 2021/2022. Students were challenged to speculate about the future of contemporary societies by developing a Design Fiction Scenario around the themes of Sustainability, Future and Technology. After describing the approach adopted and overall data about the intervention, some selected students ideas are presented. Then, students’ written essays content is analyzed regarding their awareness, concerns and hopes about the future of contemporary societies. Results show that while some of the teams followed the direction of utopia, envisioning desirable scenarios to the future, other teams adopted a less optimistic view and designed scenarios where contemporary societies and technology would lead to extreme situations or even chaos, a few of them even raising strong ethical issues. In some cases, it seems rather evident that students deliberately proceeded with these pessimistic scenarios intentionally trying to provoke reactions and stimulate debate among their peers. In other cases students appear to not be aware of those possible dangerous outcomes. Finally we discuss the value and limitations of our approach and conclude by suggesting some guidelines to apply in future interventions aiming to the role of Design as discipline in creating utopian and dystopian fictions regarding scenarios of future development.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":" 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132075727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“ALImentáRIO” - Holder for the Supplementary Feeding of Wild Birds","authors":"Fernando Miguel Marques","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1001397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001397","url":null,"abstract":"This is an animal design project (design thinking to meet the needs of animals) which aims to bring birds into contact with humans and - through this solution - to bring the sound and movement produced by them into our lives (whether in the countryside, whether in the urban landscape), which can be translated into joy and peace achieved by the harmony of natural wildlife in our domestic environment.Starting question Knowing that birds are elusive and fearful animals, but also can bring joy and movement to our daily lives, how can we attract them to our coexistence? Supplementary feeding can be a good solution, and there are already some versions available on the international market, especially in countries where winter is more extreme. In southern Europe, feeding birds is still not a very common practice. Depending on the type of food the birds eat in their natural habitat and, depending on the endogenous birds, there are variations in the diet, and only a test of placing food available to the birds will determine the type of food to be placed in the supplementary feeder.The \"AlimentáRIO\" (feeder) is a ceramic supplementary feeding stand/holder that can contain various types of food, in order to test if birds can be attracted close to your home.There are several types of bird food: nectar, seeds, worms, fruit, tallow/lard... And, for each of these types of food, there is a specific type of feeder. The \"AlimentáRIO\" is a versatile feeder intended to cover all types. Nectar is more suitable for birds that can pollinate during late winter and early spring, when insects are less active. For these reasons, nectar should only be placed in feeders as a food supplement in the winter and autumn.In Portugal, there are some birds that drink nectar, according to Luís Pascoal da Silva , a researcher at CIBIO-inBIO. The scientist states that there are several pollinating birds in Portugal, but the study of the contribution of these birds to pollination is scarce. Seeds - besides the traditional canary seed - can contain sunflower seeds or nuts, such as walnuts and peanuts, depending on the endogenous birds. Fruit is also sought after by some species of birds, namely apples and pears, in addition to other exotic fruits. However, in general, birds can be drawn to any type of fruit. Fat balls are usually tallow/lard balls with seeds and fruits to reinforce supplementary feeding during cold seasons. The \"AlimentáRIO\" is a suspended wild bird feeder that can be hung in more or less sheltered places, made with materials resistant to the elements, without the need for maintenance. However, its cleaning must be done according to the recommendations referred to in the full article. As already mentioned, the construction materials are low maintenance, and the food container and the deflecting bell jar are made with stoneware - the type of ceramics more resistant to both bumps and thermal variations. The junction of the two parts is made with a nickel-plated threaded ro","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128841348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Process of Creation: Artistic Creation and Creative Processes.","authors":"M. Silvia Barros De Held, C. Alho, Vanda Matos","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1001393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001393","url":null,"abstract":"This research is built upon the search for the understanding of today's status of the process of creation, and how it has been considered through time, first through an philosophical approach, then through psychological aesthetics and finally, more recently, through psychology. If all construction of reality are built upon the interaction between physical world, the psychological or subjective world and the world of human creation, it seems to be clear that the creative process is, by excellency, a paradigm of the human experimental or experiential phenomena. Assuming a descriptive case study approach, Boa Nova Tea House of Siza Viera is analyzed. In Siza Vieira´s creative process, the drawing constantly validates his work. Architecture balances between art and technique as a creative act resulting from the artist mental reflective and experimental construction.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130010804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Thinking Through Diagrams","authors":"Rogério Ribeiro, D. Raposo, R. Almendra, João Neves","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003530","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to identify what kind of schemas or diagrams are most functional as a way of visualizing and transposing ideas.It aims to gather knowledge about how some ideas were interpreted after visualizing visual schemes, especially abstract concepts and the union of dispersed information. Currently, the intangible concepts that define a brand become increasingly complex to express and are almost never fully transmitted to internal and external stakeholders of the entity, creating in the mind of each one, a brand image little related to other aspects, goals and visions that the brand may have.This topic becomes relevant in the transposition of concepts during the development of brands, having visual identity systems or even brands that have their concepts, but need tools capable of communicating them visually.A systematic methodology was adopted, with a non-interventionist basis, with case studies of schemes and diagrams used by major brands and international brands.The results consist in the identification of a set of graphic principles and characteristics that brands should use in order to ensure their clear communication and ideological coherence.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130716138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Information design in reducing dependence on health services","authors":"Mónica Santos, S. Dias","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003535","url":null,"abstract":"The dependence and passivity on health services is due to the hegemonic model that stills prevail, inadequate literacy levels of the population, the construction of health messages based on assumptions, lack of interaction context between users and health providers, and despite existing government programs and measures related to changing health services from a model that reacts instead of prevent, people still see health care services as a consumption model instead of a way of life or a purpose. In order to change this situation (reduce people’s dependence on health care services and health care providers) it is necessary, among others things, to delivery health information to people outside the usual places like hospitals, health centers, pharmacy and others, to everyday life and routines, contributing to autonomy and behavior change. In health, knowledge is latent in users, dormant and suppressed by the traditional service delivery approach, in which professionals are still largely in control.The surplus of information doesn´t mean more knowledge. To make knowledge useful and effective, it is necessary for citizens to identify themselves with the information and be concerned about the topic, but often they avoid or reject it, mainly due three main reasons: it may require a change of belief, it may demande an unwanted action, and lastly because the information can cause unpleasant emotions or diminish pleasant emotions.The information must affirm the identity of the individual and the society in which he is included and not jeopardize values and principles, it must reveal how action make the difference and that the individual is capable of doing it, finally show how to incorporate actions into everyday life. To do so health messages should be adjusted to cognitive needs, to cultural level, to beliefs, to emotional, social and linguistic needs. However, they are designed without taking into account the needs of the citizen. Information design and the integrative character of design tools have a fundamental role placing key stakeholders in the center of the process and constructing messages with a strong sense of ownership and commitment. With this study we highlight the value of developing messages involving the different stakeholders, from the citizen to public health organizations, in a deep and continuous way enabling an innovative integrative approach and building spaces for favoring citizen autonomy and reducing the passive attitude related to health services and providers.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133042766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oughtred's Circles of Proportion 2.0: A Proof of Concept for Hands-on Science Engagement","authors":"R. Bispo, S. Gessner, Joana Blanc","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1001407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001407","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a functional model of the logarithmic slide rule designed by the mathematician William Oughtred in the 17th century, known as Oughtred’s Circles of Proportion, to be used in educational contexts related to the history of science and the teaching of mathematics. The project consisted in interpreting the original instrument to develop a rigorous three-dimensional model of the slide rule, including its logarithmic scales and friction-tight joint, as well as adapting this artifact for 3D printing to the production of manipulable interactive objects at reduced costs. The paper presents the successive stages of development and collaboration, from the definition of goals and the target audience to the design of functional parts, the iterative testing in different educational contexts from schools to science events and plans to a revised version. The project exemplifies a promising way to engage with material heritage of science. The project constitutes a proof of concept for a generalized approach for the development of inclusive objects in science exhibitions, as a strategy to allow an easier and deeper understanding of the underlying scientific concepts and bringing the public closer to science.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116491990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation Y as a catalyst for a paradigm shift in urban mobility","authors":"Eduardo Noronha, J. Oliveira","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003543","url":null,"abstract":"Most urban areas in developed countries today have structural mobility problems, exacerbated by the ineffectiveness of territorial governance policies and the lack of strategies to anticipate the environmental challenges triggered by climate change. Given the many uncertainties predicted for the near future, mobility is perhaps the quality that best represents contemporaneity. It represents the pressures and political challenges that will determine the living conditions of the next generations, as Henrik Hololei, Director General for Mobility and Transport of the EU, said in 2019 (Transport in the European Union – current trends and issues). To integrate the EU's plan to implement the Climate Neutral Mission and Smart Cities, which aims for inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and communities, this study focuses on a research strategy on the current urban mobility paradigm and emerging opportunities as society continues to shift to electric vehicles.According to Eusotat's November 2021 data, commuting to work is one of the main reasons for daily trips. Moreover, the car is the predominant mode of transport, used by less than 2 people on average. Given this scenario, it is appropriate and urgent to redefine the status of the automobile and to orient a new vehicle design towards the expectations and values of the young and professionally active age group, between 25 and 45 years, referred to as Generation Y. These people do not find economic, safe and comfortable solutions compatible with their priorities and life expectations in the current commercial offer of own cars, shared mobility systems or public transport.For this reason, the authors believe it is appropriate to ask the following questions:- Will a typical passenger car with comfortable seating for 5 people, an average price of €32,035 (data from European average car prices in 2015-2020, by country, from Statista in June 2022), mainly used by the driver, be compatible with the mobility expectations of a young generation in Europe? - Does the continued investment in increasing the range of electric vehicles make sense when most journeys are between home and work with an average distance of 10 km? - Will it be possible to increase the capacity of parking spaces without changing the existing infrastructure? - Will people with reduced mobility be able to drive autonomously and access the interior of the vehicle effortlessly?Given these assumptions, this study converges in a research strategy that aims to analyze, reflect and design a user-centered vehicle for urban mobility that enforces the concepts of inclusion for people with reduced mobility, integrates the EU Sustainable Development Goals and gears the vehicle towards commuter trips. This context sets the stage for a radical innovation of the mobility paradigm that, despite recent technological advances, currently fails to meet the social, economic and environmental demands of contemporary society.","PeriodicalId":308830,"journal":{"name":"Human Dynamics and Design for the Development of Contemporary Societies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129689322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}