Water Sustainability eJournal最新文献_第8页

A Recreation Demand Model of the North Carolina For-Hire Fishery 北卡罗来纳州出租渔业的休闲需求模型

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2013-05-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2284939

J. Whitehead, C. Dumas, C. Landry, Jim Herstine

引用次数: 0

Assessment Population Genetic Structure and Diversity among Indian Snow Trout (S.richardsonii) Fish Species 印度雪鳟鱼种群遗传结构及多样性评价

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2013-05-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2261713

G. Sivaraman, A. Barat, S. Ali, K. D. Joshi, P. C. Mahanta

{"title":"Assessment Population Genetic Structure and Diversity among Indian Snow Trout (S.richardsonii) Fish Species","authors":"G. Sivaraman, A. Barat, S. Ali, K. D. Joshi, P. C. Mahanta","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2261713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2261713","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the levels of genetic variability were estimated in S.richadsonii fish populations from three different locations viz., Chirapani stream (pop 1), Gola (pop 2) and KosiRiver (pop 3) by using OPY Operon primers and 10 primers were produced distinct and repeatable amplification as well polymorphic loci. The higher proportion of polymorphic loci was observed in Champawat population as compared to other two populations and with the overall % polymorphisms were 14.76. The OPY 01, OPY 04, OPY 11 and OPY 16 primers were found to be the population specific banding patterns among these three populations. The Nei's genetic diversity (h) was found to be highest in pop1 andpop2 with 0.24 and 0.2 in pop3. The total gene diversity (Ht) in the population was 0.2962, within sample gene diversity (Hs) of 0.2321 and the genetic differentiation (GST) among the populations was 0.2164. The largest genetic distance (0.1565) was obtained between pop1 and pop2, whereas the smallest genetic distance was between pop1 and pop3 (0.1058), followed by pop3 and pop2 (0.1385). Further it is suggested that the levels of genetic identity and diversity obtained was very low and might be due to the less number of polymorphic loci and migration rate.","PeriodicalId":308822,"journal":{"name":"Water Sustainability eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130753465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial Weights Configuration and Impact of Environmental Externalities on Housing Prices 空间权重配置与环境外部性对房价的影响

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2013-04-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2071199

Masha Maslianskaia-Pautrel, C. Baumont

引用次数: 3

CESM 1.0.2 Near Past Initial Conditions User Guide: Prescribing Ice Sheets CESM 1.0.2近过去初始条件用户指南:处方冰盖

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2335282

F. Colleoni

{"title":"CESM 1.0.2 Near Past Initial Conditions User Guide: Prescribing Ice Sheets","authors":"F. Colleoni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2335282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2335282","url":null,"abstract":"The Community Earth System Model has been developed and is maintained by NCAR. At this stage of the report, the CESM 1.0.2 includes atmosphere, land, ocean, sea-ice and a partially coupled ice sheets model. Several grid resolutions have been developed for each component and for present-day Earth’s topography/bathymetry and one of the big advantage of this model is that the running procedure is straightforward in its present-day configuration for any new user. However, the CESM 1.0.2 components are not flexible to simulate near or deep past climates which require a different topography/bathymetry relative to present-day. Indeed, to simulate a different continental distribution and a different sea level, each component needs substantial changes in its initial conditions files which require an advanced knowledge of the model. In order to make those kind of changes accessible for new users, the following document aims at proposing a relatively simple procedure to modify the initial conditions files for the coupled atmosphere-land-ocean-sea-ice compset of the CESM 1.0.2 (B compset). This procedure was mainly developed at NCAR but never tested before on the different supercomputing platforms and outside of NCAR. The guide presented here have been successfully tested on CMCC IBM Power 6 platform taking as example a glaciation configuration. However, this process is by far non automatic and requires some substantial manual work at each stage of the procedure. Finally, following this procedure does not provide any guarantees that the simulations will be successful.We thank Nan Rosembloom and Bette Otto-Bliesner for their technical and scientific support to learn the procedure described in this guide. The research leading to these results has received funding from the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research and the Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea under the GEMINA project.","PeriodicalId":308822,"journal":{"name":"Water Sustainability eJournal","volume":"183 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116422963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-Processing Methods for COSMO-CLM Precipitation Over Italy COSMO-CLM意大利降水后处理方法

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2335284

M. Turco, A. Zollo, Rianna Guido, Luigi Cattaneo, R. Vezzoli, P. Mercogliano

{"title":"Post-Processing Methods for COSMO-CLM Precipitation Over Italy","authors":"M. Turco, A. Zollo, Rianna Guido, Luigi Cattaneo, R. Vezzoli, P. Mercogliano","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2335284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2335284","url":null,"abstract":"To produce regional climate scenarios, traditionally, the statistical downscaling has been considered as an alternative to dynamical downscaling. However, the use of the two kinds of downscaling approaches together consents, at least to some extent, to combine their advantages. This report presents the preliminary results of combined downscaling methods for precipitation. The dynamical downscaling is the COSMO-CLM regional climate model applied to ERA40 Reanalysis over the control period 1971-2000. The statistical post-processing of the COSMO-CLM outputs is performed through three different methods following the MOS (Model Output Statistic) approach: linear-scaling, quantile mapping and MOS analogs. The performances of the RCM and of the joint RCM-MOS simulations are evaluated in terms of spatial similarity of three ETCCDI indices (characterizing total precipitation, number of rainy days and maximum precipitation) between observed dataset and downscaled fields at seasonal scale. Three Italian test cases have been considered: Orvieto, Po river basin, and Sardinia. Preliminary results indicate that the application of MOS techniques generally improves the performances of the COSMO-CLM model, regardless the season or the index considered, and, among the MOS methods, better results have been generally obtained with the quantile mapping technique.","PeriodicalId":308822,"journal":{"name":"Water Sustainability eJournal","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132924133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Predicting Agricultural Impacts of Large-Scale Drought: 2012 and the Case for Better Modeling 预测大规模干旱对农业的影响:2012年和改进模型的案例

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2013-02-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2222269

J. Elliott, M. Glotter, N. Best, K. Boote, James W. Jones, J. Hatfield, C. Rosenzweig, Lenny Smith, I. Foster

引用次数: 16

Integrated Water Resource Management in an Emerging ‘Green Economy’ – Few Concerns 新兴“绿色经济”中的水资源综合管理——鲜有关注

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2013-01-16 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2201775

D. Dey

{"title":"Integrated Water Resource Management in an Emerging ‘Green Economy’ – Few Concerns","authors":"D. Dey","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2201775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2201775","url":null,"abstract":"Water scarcity has emerged as one of the major economic and environmental issues of this century. The Earth Summit (Rio 20) Document ‘The Future We Want’ (June 2012) has advised each participant country to consider the implementation of green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. The UN-Water Status Report on the Application of Integrated Approaches to the Development, Management and Use of Water Resources which was launched, during the Earth Summit, on 19 June, 2012 has also highlighted the fact that an ‘Integrated approaches to water resources management and development are critical for progress towards a green economy. The concept of ‘virtual water trade’ is gaining importance. It has been claimed that one solution to water scarcity involves accounting for the ‘virtual water’ when designing trade policy. In future, in the name of protecting water resources, developed food importing nations might ask for ‘water labels’ to guarantee that only pure water (and preferably from renewable sources) be used in the production of exported food items. By discouraging/prohibiting the use of arsenic and lead contaminated underground water in cultivation and animal husbandry, ‘water labels’ will ensure the safety of the exported food. In such a scenario, which is very likely, the organic farmers will increasingly rely on renewable natural water sources for cultivation. Funds will be diverted to develop water bodies to serve that purpose. A part of these organic foods will be sold, to the affluent domestic consumers, through organized retail chains. And for the remaining hungry millions, GM grains will be cultivated with arsenic contaminated ground water.","PeriodicalId":308822,"journal":{"name":"Water Sustainability eJournal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131033091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grandfathering 祖父

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2012-11-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2182573

Maria Damon, D. Cole, E. Ostrom, T. Sterner

{"title":"Grandfathering","authors":"Maria Damon, D. Cole, E. Ostrom, T. Sterner","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2182573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2182573","url":null,"abstract":"“Grandfathering” grants preferential treatment to existing polluters and resource users over new entrants based on prior use. It typically is justified as a doctrine to appease incumbents when passing costly regulations. It is based on conceptions of first-in-time or prior appropriation. The principle is applied in a very broad range of issues including environmental and resource use contexts ranging from the distribution of water rights, agricultural support, domestic pollution control, and international regimes, such as the Kyoto Protocol, which imposes obligations based on percentage reductions from historical baselines. This paper defines the concept universally and synthesizes legal, economic, and political science perspectives as well as interdisciplinary viewpoints on common property resource (CPR) use. We also explore, analytically and empirically, the dynamic incentives created by grandfathering and their implications for long-term resource use. Grandfathering removes incentives for individual users to anticipate stricter regulations and quite notably does the opposite, particularly when it forms the status quo distribution mechanism under new regulations or management systems. Using a series of case studies we analyze institutions ranging from long-enduring CPRs to global climate negotiations to demonstrate examples of how grandfathering can be detrimental to long run sustainability, and to discuss alternatives for avoiding or resolving the problems it creates.","PeriodicalId":308822,"journal":{"name":"Water Sustainability eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133494584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Implementation of a Numerical Scheme Based on the Dual Time Stepping in COSMO LM: Idealized Test Cases COSMO LM中基于双时间步进的数值格式实现:理想测试用例

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2012-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2332059

G. Petrone

引用次数: 0

An Exploration of the Link between Development, Economic Growth, and Natural Risk 发展、经济增长与自然风险关系探讨

Water Sustainability eJournal Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2251156

S. Hallegatte

{"title":"An Exploration of the Link between Development, Economic Growth, and Natural Risk","authors":"S. Hallegatte","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2251156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2251156","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the link between development, economic growth, and the economic losses from natural disasters in a general analytical framework, with an illustration on hurricane flood risks in New Orleans. It concludes that, where capital accumulates through increased density of capital at risk in a given area, (i) the probability of disaster occurrence decreases with income; (ii) capital at risk and thus economic losses in case of disaster -- increases faster than economic growth; (iii) increasing risk-taking reinforces economic growth. Economic growth and improved protection transfer risks from frequent low-intensity events to rarer high-impact events. In this context, average annual losses from disasters grow with income, and they grow faster than income at low levels of development and slower than income at high levels of development. These findings are robust to a broad range of modeling choices and parameter values, to the inclusion of risk aversion, and to variations in the decision-making framework (including the introduction of prospect theory's decision weights, biases in risk perception and myopic expectations). They show that risk-taking is both a driver and a consequence of economic development, that risk taking should not be indiscriminately suppressed, and that the world is very likely to experience fewer but more costly disasters in the future.","PeriodicalId":308822,"journal":{"name":"Water Sustainability eJournal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114324516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 52