{"title":"THE ALLUNION CENSUSES 1959, 1970 AND 1970 AS A SOURCE OF STUDYING POPULATION TITULAR NATION OF UKRAINIAN DURING THE 60’S70’S OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY","authors":"Nadia Kindrachuk","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2016.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2016.003","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the All-Union censuses in 1959, 1970 and 1979 as a primary source for a comprehensive studying the population dynamics and the settlement of Ukrainians in different regions of the Ukrainian SSR during the 60’s – 70’s of the XXth century. The author has studied a state of preservation of their native language, has defined the factors which under the totalitarian regime negatively influenced the change of demographic processes, especially the ethnic composition of Ukrainian society at the outlined period. The article also describes the national policy of Soviet authorities which guided by the national priority of state and nationwide community of «the Soviet people» and ignored the value of an ethnic nation. The author also finds out that Ukrainians were the dominant nation almost throughout the USSR in the outlined period. The number of Ukrainian grew exclusively by natural population growth, while the number of representatives of the Russian nation increased as a result of internal republican migration. The article brings the idea that Ukraine was one of the centers of accumulation of immigration flows in the Soviet Union, and because of this fact the multicultural Ukrainian SSR society, which constituted basically of the Ukrainians, gradually turned into bi-national, where Ukrainian majority coexisted along with continuously growing Russian minority. Such resettlements were carried out primarily for political reasons and were aimed at the loss by native people their national characteristics – language, culture and the like. The main task of migration, which was run by the Soviet government was the assimilation, denationalization and the russification of the Ukrainian people which was hidden by slogans of rapprochement of nations.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73973825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Polish external debt as compared with the other Visegrad Group countries","authors":"Grzegorz Górniewicz","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2016.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2016.001","url":null,"abstract":"The global scale of external debt is the greatest in history, which made it one of the biggest financial problems in the world. Poland has been among the greatest debtors for a few dozen years. The objective of the paper is to show the scale, reasons and tendencies concerning Polish external debt. Furthermore, in the present paper, Polish external debt was compared with the ones of Visegrad group countries.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87382547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positions of the Visegrad four Coutries and the Baltic States on the Russianukrainian Conflict","authors":"T. Sydoruk, D. Tyshchenko","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2016.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2016.002","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the positions of the Visegrad Group and the Baltic countries on the Russia-Ukraine conflict that erupted in 2014. The authors prove that Poland, Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia are united by perception that the Russian aggression in Ukraine is a threat to their national security, they support for tough policy of anti-Russian sanctions in the international arena, and assist Ukraine and the level of declarations and at the level of action. Nonetheless , level of their participation and support for Ukraine depends on their actual capabilities and domestic and foreign policy priorities. Reactions of other V4 countries to events in Ukraine are more restrained and vary from quiet pragmatism in Slovakia to clear pro-Russian voices in the Czech Republic and Hungary. It is unlikely, however, that their position can be a real obstacle to the implementation of the common EU action in the near future.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83949078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical Approaches to the Determination of the Phenomenon of «Technoglobalism»","authors":"Olena Cherniavska","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2015.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2015.001","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the main factors and pre-conditions which caused the emergence of technoglobalism in the 20th century. The author identified the role of the research activity of transnational corporations in making this process more intensive, and also the main attention is concentrated on national and foreign approaches to understanding of such a new phenomenon as “technoglobalism”.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"147 1","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86651271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"National economic image and soft economic power evaluation","authors":"O. Chugaiev","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2015.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2015.002","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a review of national economic image, brand, and soft economic power evaluation methods based on opinion polls or objective indicators. The author elaborates and tests a webometric method for evaluation of specific components of national economic image and soft power. National economic image is measured as the share of positive messages in total number of messages about economy of a country. Soft economic power is described as national economic image adjusted for absolute amount of positive economic information about a country. Various key words and expressions are used for web search query to analyze specific components of economic image (trade, inflation, finance, budget, quality, competitiveness, investment, business, corruption, corporate governance, wages, economic cooperation or conflicts, economic growth or crisis). The advantages and limitations of the suggested approach are discussed. The sample for testing the method includes Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Turkey, Romania, Germany, and Moldova. Germany and Poland have almost no major weaknesses, while Russia and Ukraine have almost no major strengths among economic image components. Germany is a soft power leader in the majority of areas, followed by Russia, Turkey and Poland. Ukraine, Romania, and Moldova can improve their image and soft power by better real economic performance and wider coverage of positive economic information about these countries.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"230 1","pages":"13-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76734464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cities and human security","authors":"A. Szpak, A. Szpak","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2015.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2015.011","url":null,"abstract":"Cities have been researched mostly in terms of their economic, technological, and social value and significance. Despite some changes in this respect there is still a need to research cities as a fascinating phenomenon, also in respect of its capabilities to increase human security on a local and global scale. The article examines the role of cities for human security in the selected and representative fields such as sustainable development, human rights and environmental protection which are components of human security. The subject matter is indeed fascinating as fascinating are cities themselves. They are dynamic, energetic, innovative and constantly evolving. The general thesis of the article is that cities may and do greatly contribute to human security.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"1983 1","pages":"119-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82219759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International scientific communication in the context of social networking sites for scientists","authors":"B. Stachowiak","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2015.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2015.010","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the author considers the alterations that occurred in the international scientific communication. It is mainly technological development that exerts the influence over these alterations – particularly the emergence of new media. The major part of this paper is dedicated to the issue of the use of social networking sites in scientific communication. In her considerations, the author refers to the world-wide research pertaining to social media in the meantime demonstrating the attitudes of Polish scientists in connection with the former. This paper also contains the results of the research on the attendance to social networking sites of the academics from the Nicolaus Copernicus University with the particular attention paid to Research Gate. The considerations lead to the conclusions that in Poland scientists approach the possibilities offered by social media with the slight skepticism.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"94 1","pages":"109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74975018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Acceleration of the Ukrainians' Assimilation Due to Deliberate Narrowing of the Ukrainian Language : 60's-70's of the XXth Century","authors":"Nadia Kindrachuk","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2015.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2015.006","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates anti-Ukrainian language policy in Ukraine during the 60’s – 70’s of the twentieth century, whose main objective was artificial exclusion of the use of the Ukrainian language and the acceleration of the Ukrainians’ assimilation. Narrowing the Ukrainian language in higher educational institutions of Ukraine was felt especially painfully, where the younger generation of the Ukrainians was trained and brought up. Teaching most special and general subjects in higher education resorted to Russian more and more frequently. Those features of Ukrainian higher education showed the wealth of the national language, culture, facilitated the study of their national history, promoted a national idea, the ideas of Ukrainian statehood were leveled under the influence of the Russification policy. Also, the paper examines the denationalization of the titular nation – the Ukrainian SSR by the media, which were a part of the informational space of the Soviet totalitarian state. The article reveals the destructive role of the media in narrowing the Ukrainian national outlook and “undermining” their social and psychological stability, showing a ban on national-patriotic materials in the Ukrainian printed word, radio, television. Russification of all spheres of the Ukrainian people significantly reduced the use of the Ukrainian language and formed the status of its inferiority and laid the basis for all intensive large-scale assimilation of the Ukrainians.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87877604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of the Council of Foreign Ministers and principles of participation of Germany, Poland and so-called “small countries” in the preparation of the draft peace treaty with Germany","authors":"K. Kącka","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2015.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2015.004","url":null,"abstract":"The end of the Second World War necessitated making arrangements as to the future of Germany. The decisions were to be made by the allied countries – winners of the war. In the end, the decisions of the so-called “big four” states were of arbitrary nature, and German officials were not permitted to participate in talks about the future of their country. The years 1945-1947 have brought numerous important resolutions and final settlements, but were also a period of growing disagreement within the victorious coalition. True end of their collaboration came about in 1947, and the matter of Germany became a bargaining chip in the Cold War conflict. The aim of this study is, above all, to present the role of the most important decision-making institution after the war: the Council of Foreign Ministers. The paper also presents the respective positions of the four great powers as to the participation of Germany, Poland and so-called “small countries” in determining the future of Germany.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"37-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88810270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The conditionality policy of the EU in the terms of reforming the public service in the CEE countries: the experience of Ukraine","authors":"O. Ivasechko","doi":"10.12775/TIS.2015.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/TIS.2015.003","url":null,"abstract":"With the aim of creating in Ukraine a civil service that is based on European values and principles, the priority must always be the rule of law; patriotism and the service for Ukrainian people; legality; equal access to public service; professionalism; virtue; political impartiality; transparency of activities; personal responsibility of a civil servant. Only respecting the above-mentioned European principles for the process of adaptation of civil service of Ukraine to EU standards will be held smoothly and successfully.","PeriodicalId":30841,"journal":{"name":"Torun International Studies","volume":"161 1","pages":"27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76575065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}