Paramita Historical Studies Journal最新文献

{"title":"Mission and Development in Manggarai, Flores Eastern Indonesia in 1920-1960s","authors":"Fransiska Widyawati, Y. Lon","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.16716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.16716","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the mission and development in Manggarai Flores, Indonesia in 1920-1960s. These two activities were carried out by Catholic Church missionaries from Europe. Before this religion came to Manggarai, this region was in an isolated and backward condition. People lived in primitive way of life. The new development was carried out with the arrival of the Dutch colonists who worked closely with the Catholic Church missionaries beginning in the early 20th century. The Church utilized the support of the Dutch colonialists while running various development programs as important strategies to gain sympathy from the Manggarai people. As a result, the Church was accepted and became the dominant force in the community. This proves that missions that are in line with development or religion which at the same time pay attention to religious and secular aspects can win the hearts of the people. By using the historical approach, this paper aims to present a history of mission and development relations in Manggarai, Eastern Indonesia while providing a critical analysis of how religion, government and society are interwoven. Paper ini mengeksplorasi misi dan pembangunan di Manggarai Flores, Indonesia tahun 1920-1960s. Dua aktivitas ini dilakukan oleh misionaris Gereja Katolik yang berasal dari Eropa. Sebelum agama ini datang ke Manggarai, wilayah ini berada dalam kondisi terisolasi dan terkebelakang. Masyarakat tidak mengenal infrastruktur modern. Pembangunan baru dilakukan dengan datangnya penjajah Belanda yang bekerja sama erat dengan misionaris Gereja Katolik mulai pada awal abad 20. Gereja memanfaatkan dukungan Belanda sekaligus menjalankan aneka program pembangunan sebagai strategi penting untuk mendapatkan simpati orang Manggarai. Hasilnya Gereja diterima dan menjadi kekuatan dominan di dalam masyarakat. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa misi yang sejalan dengan pembangunan atau agama yang sekaligus memperhatikan aspek religius dan kultural dapat memenangkan hati masyarakatnya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan sejarah hubungan misi dan pembangunan di Manggarai, Indonesia Timur sambil memberikan analisis kritis tentang bagaimana agama, pemerintah dan otoritas masyarakat terjalin erat.","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"178-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41964933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the Use of History Textbook through Brain-Based Learning","authors":"W. I. Fauzi, A. B. Santosa, T. Tarunasena","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.15729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.15729","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted based on the researchers' assumption to low optimal use of history textbook in school. Such ineffective condition was indicated from functioning book only as a resource material for examination. Even, the existence of the book tends to be a burden either for the teachers and the students. Therefore, brain-based learning can be an alternative to optimize the textbook to improve students’ historical thinking and understanding. To achieve this goal, inquiry naturalistic model proposed by Licoln and Guba (1985) was employed in history learning in one SMA in Bandung. Data were collected through observing, tracing and witnessing to historical learning by implementing brain-based learning approach carried out in the classroom. The analysis results revealed that this model brings several impacts, namely: (1) Students are not familiar to express their emotions during their history learning. However, applying cognitive and emotion aspects of the students may help them remember historical facts more easily, (2) the use of cognitive and emotional learning system also facilitates the students to improve their ability in identifying and classifying the facts from the textbook, (3) students still find difficulties in associating one fact to the others, and (4) generally, this model affects students’ historical understanding which is indicated from their ability to comprehend the history subject well, to obtain valuable life values, to figure out historical figures, social conflicts, and to understand social changes in the society. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan asumsi peneliti terhadap rendahnya penggunaan optimal buku teks sejarah di sekolah. Bahkan, keberadaan buku cenderung menjadi beban baik bagi guru maupun siswa. Oleh karena itu, brain-based learning  dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengoptimalkan buku teks untuk meningkatkan pemikiran dan pemahaman historis siswa. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, model naturalistik inkuiri yang diajukan oleh Licoln dan Guba (1985) digunakan dalam pembelajaran sejarah di satu SMA di Bandung. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan, penelusuran, dan saksikan pembelajaran sejarah dengan menerapkan pendekatan brain-based learning yang dilakukan di kelas. Hasil analisis mengungkapkan bahwa model ini membawa beberapa dampak, yaitu: (1) Siswa tidak terbiasa mengekspresikan emosi mereka selama pembelajaran sejarah mereka. Namun, menerapkan aspek kognitif dan emosi siswa dapat membantu mereka mengingat fakta sejarah lebih mudah, (2) penggunaan sistem pembelajaran kognitif dan emosional juga memfasilitasi siswa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka dalam mengidentifikasi dan mengklasifikasikan fakta dari buku teks, (3) siswa masih menemukan kesulitan dalam mengaitkan satu fakta dengan yang lain, dan (4) umumnya, model ini mempengaruhi pemahaman historis siswa yang ditunjukkan dari kemampuan mereka untuk memahami subjek sejarah dengan baik, untuk mendapatkan nilai-nilai kehidupan yang berharga, untuk mencari ta","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"139-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45939876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Railroad to Highway: Shifting Use of Land Transportation System in the Northern Coast of Central Java","authors":"E. Hartatik","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.21005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.21005","url":null,"abstract":"The development of land transportation facilities both trains and highway in the end of 19th and 20th century was closely related to the production plantation crops. Historical method was used in writing this article. Documentation was done by searching information related to road accidents. Documents would be traced in Jakarta National Archives, Jakarta National Library, Press Monument in Surakarta, Central Bureau of Statistics Central Java, several libraries in Yogyakarta. In early 20th century, trains became a main transportation system because they might transport plantation crops in large quantities before drove in the port city. However, due to the decline in plantation production, the function of trains decreased as well. During the New Order era which focused on agrarian farming system, trains’ function as transportation went down and replaced by highway. In other words, highway became a primary transportation system because they were able to transport production crops (e.g. rice) from fields to our house. This shifting use was closely related to the policy issued by the government. Pengembangan fasilitas transportasi darat baik kereta api maupun jalan raya pada akhir abad ke-19 dan ke-20 terkait erat dengan produksi tanaman perkebunan. Metode historis digunakan dalam menulis artikel ini. Dokumentasi dilakukan dengan mencari informasi terkait kecelakaan di jalan. Dokumen akan dilacak di Arsip Nasional Jakarta, Perpustakaan Nasional Jakarta, Monumen Pers di Surakarta, Biro Pusat Statistik Jawa Tengah, beberapa perpustakaan di Yogyakarta. Pada awal abad ke-20, kereta api menjadi sistem transportasi utama karena mereka mengangkut tanaman perkebunan dalam jumlah besar sebelum melaju di kota pelabuhan. Namun, karena penurunan produksi perkebunan, fungsi kereta api juga menurun. Selama era Orde Baru yang berfokus pada sistem pertanian agraria, fungsi kereta api sebagai transportasi turun dan digantikan oleh jalan raya. Dengan kata lain, jalan raya menjadi sistem transportasi utama karena mereka dapat mengangkut tanaman produksi (misalnya beras) dari ladang ke rumah. Pergeseran penggunaan ini terkait erat dengan kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah.","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"224-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43747388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Assimilation to Pluralism and Multiculturalism Policy:State Policy Towards Ethnic Chinese in Indonesia","authors":"Wasino Wasino, S. Putro, A. Aji, E. Kurniawan, F. Shintasiwi","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.20869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.20869","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesian society inherits plural society of Dutch colonization. One of the major problems is related to the minority ethnicity and its position towards the majority. One of the ethnicities which receives special attention from the government is Chinese. This article is trying to analyse the history of Indonesia Government Policy from Indonesian Independence to Reformasi. The results show that from Indonesian Independence to The New Order era, discrimination politics to Chinese in Indonesia occurs. Chinese is trying to create their image being Indonesian by imitating the majority’s cultural identity or practicing assimilation based on the location where they live. After Reformasi in 1998, the state politics changed by respecting cultures or multicultural society. Therefore, some Chinese identities start to strengthen, but most of them still follow the majority culture. Masyarakat Indonesia mewarisi masyarakat majemuk penjajahan Belanda. Salah satu masalah utama terkait dengan etnis minoritas dan posisinya terhadap mayoritas. Salah satu etnis yang mendapat perhatian khusus dari pemerintah adalah Cina. Artikel ini mencoba menganalisis sejarah Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dari era Kemerdekaan Indonesia hingga Reformasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari kemerdekaan Indonesia ke era Orde Baru, terjadi diskriminasi politik terhadap Tionghoa di Indonesia. Orang Tionghoa mencoba membuat citra mereka menjadi orang Indonesia dengan meniru identitas budaya mayoritas atau mempraktikkan asimilasi berdasarkan lokasi tempat mereka tinggal. Setelah era reformasi pada tahun 1998, politik negara berubah dengan menghormati budaya atau masyarakat multikultural. Oleh karena itu, beberapa identitas Cina mulai menguat, tetapi kebanyakan dari mereka masih mengikuti budaya mayoritas.","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"213-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44198900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peace Education as the Development of Social Skill in Social Science Learning","authors":"S. Sariyatun, Hermanu Joebagio, M. Akhyar","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.15955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.15955","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to describe the integration of peace education as the reinforcement of social skill reinforcement in Social Science learning. Qualitative research method was employed in this study. Data source included teachers, documents, and library study. Data collection was carried out using interview, questionnaire, and document and literature source analysis. Interview and questionnaire were used to explore the respondents’ perspective on peace education for developing social skill in Social Science learning. The subjects agreeing to participate in this study were Social Science teachers in Junior High School consisting of 20 teachers. The participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data validation was conducted using method triangulation and data analysis using an interactive model of analysis encompassing data reduction, data display, and data verification. From the result of research, it could be concluded that Social Science teachers in Surakarta had positive perception that peace education in Social Science learning can be used to reinforce social skill.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan integrasi pendidikan perdamaian sebagai penguatan penguatan keterampilan sosial dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Sosial. Metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sumber data termasuk guru, dokumen, dan studi perpustakaan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara, kuesioner, dan analisis sumber dokumen dan literatur. Wawancara dan kuesioner digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi perspektif responden tentang pendidikan perdamaian untuk mengembangkan keterampilan sosial dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Sosial. Subyek yang setuju untuk berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru Ilmu Sosial di SMP yang terdiri dari 20 guru. Para peserta dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Validasi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi metode dan analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif yang meliputi reduksi data, tampilan data, dan verifikasi data. Dari hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru Ilmu Sosial di Surakarta memiliki persepsi positif bahwa pendidikan perdamaian dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Sosial dapat digunakan untuk memperkuat keterampilan sosial.","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"157-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41455435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Societeit de Harmonie: European Elite Entertainment Center In the 19th Century in Batavia","authors":"Yasmin Artyas, W. Warto","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.15418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I2.15418","url":null,"abstract":"Major cities in Indonesia generally have landmarks or special features that symbolize the uniqueness and beauty of the city in question. One of the most important landmarks of the colonial city is the societeit building as an entertainment center. This study examines the function and role of Societeit de Harmonie in Batavia in the 19th century in the midst of the heterogeneous and multiethnic life of the Batavian city of Batavia. Through the study of documents and archives, the results of this study show that Societeit de Harmonie is the greatest building compared to other societeit buildings in Batavia in the 19th century. Therefore, this building is known by all citizens of the city although who can access and utilize this building is only limited. Only the European elite can enter and use the Societeit de Harmonie building. The presence of the place of entertainment also represents the entry of new values (West) that color and becomes an important part of the cultural development of the next city Batavia. These Western values are coupled with local values practiced by indigenous peoples living in the corners of the city of Batavia. The lifestyles of Europeans who lived in Batavia during the nineteenth century can be identified from their activities when gathered in the Societeit de Harmonie. Kota-kota besar di Indonesia pada umumnya memiliki landmark atau ciri khusus yang menjadi lambang keunikan dan keindahan kota yang bersangkutan. Salah satu landmark kota colonial yang terpenting adalah gedung societeit sebagai pusat hiburan. Penelitian ini mengkaji fungsi dan peran Societeit de Harmonie di Batavia pada abad ke-19 di tengah-tengah kehidupan masyarakat kota Batavia yang heterogen dan multietnis. Melalui studi dokumen dan arsip-arsip sezaman, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Societeit de Harmoni merupakan bangunan termegah dibandingkan bangunan societeit lainnya di Batavia pada abad ke-19. Oleh karena itu, bangunan ini dikenal oleh seluruh warga kota meskipun yang dapat mengakses dan memanfaatkan bangunan ini hanya kalangan terbatas. Hanya golongan elit Eropa saja yang dapat masuk dan menggunakan gedung Societeit de Harmonie. Kehadiran tempat hiburan itu juga merepresentasikan masuknya nilai-nilai baru (Barat) yang mewarnai dan menjadi bagian penting dari perkembagan budaya kota Batavia selanjutnya. Nilai-nilai Barat ini bersanding dengan nilai-nilai local yang dipraktikkan masyarakat pribumi yang tinggal di sudut- sudut kota Batavia. Gaya hidup orang-orang Eropa yang tinggal di Batavia selama abad ke-19 dapat dikenali dari aktivitas mereka ketika berkumpul di Societeit de Harmonie.","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"130-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43103970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPORTANCE OF GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN UNDERSTANDING THE PRE-MODERN ERA AT SOUTHEAST SUMATRA COAST","authors":"S. T. Sulistiyono, F. Dhont, S. Subekti, Y. Rochwulaningsih, E. Hartatik, Noor Naelil Masruroh","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.17436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.17436","url":null,"abstract":"This article re-examines the importance of geomorphological analysis in order to provide more comprehensive explanation of various historical events, especially in the coastal area of Southeast Sumatra, Indonesia. Many historical sources regarding this region need a deeper interpretation related to the geomorphological dynamics of this region as well as the Strait of Malacca. Comprehensive analysis of this element will prevent an anachronistic story of the past. Many historians of Indonesia and the Malacca Strait region have erroneously tended to narrate events that occurred in the early first millennium or more than 1500 years ago based on the contemporary maps. It is important for historians to be aware of the fact that geologically and geographically the coastal area of Southeast Sumatra and the Strait of Malacca region have undergone very rapid geomorphological changes. In fact, there were many kingdoms in Southeast Asia that emerged and developed before the dominance of Sriwijaya, located in the west cost of Sumatra and the coastal parts of Java. Keywords: Geomorphological Analysis; Strait of Malacca; Maritime History; Southeast Sumatra Coast; Anachronistic History. Artikel ini mengkaji kembali pentingnya analisis geomorfologi untuk memberikan penjelasan yang lebih komprehensif tentang berbagai peristiwa bersejarah, terutama di wilayah pesisir Sumatera Tenggara, Indonesia. Banyak sumber sejarah mengenai wilayah ini membutuhkan interpretasi yang lebih dalam terkait dengan dinamika geomorfologi wilayah ini serta Selat Malaka. Analisis komprehensif dari elemen ini akan mencegah cerita anakronistik masa lalu. Banyak sejarawan Indonesia dan wilayah Selat Malaka telah cenderung untuk menceritakan peristiwa yang terjadi pada awal milenium pertama atau lebih dari 1500 tahun yang lalu berdasarkan peta kontemporer. Pen-ting bagi para sejarawan untuk menyadari fakta bahwa secara geologis dan geografis wilayah pesisir Sumatera Tenggara dan Selat Malaka telah mengalami perubahan geomorfologi yang sangat cepat. Bahkan, ada banyak kerajaan di Asia Tenggara yang muncul dan berkembang sebelum dominasi Sriwijaya, yang terletak di bagian barat Sumatera dan bagian pesisir Jawa. Kata kunci: Analisis Geomorfologi; Selat Malaka; Sejarah Maritim; Pantai Sumatra Tenggara; Sejarah anakronistik.","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"66-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43266718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BOEKHANDEL TAN KHOEN SWIE KEDIRI: THE AGENT OF JAVANESE CULTURE","authors":"W. Wisnu","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.14523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.14523","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reveals the way Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie Kediri, as an agent of Javanese culture, run his publishing house during amidst both the colonial government and Indonesian government, spreading Javanese culture to the society in Java and throughout Indonesia. The history of this publishing house is interesting in which it is interrelated with three different policies from three different types of government ideology. This research which means searching, criticizing, interpreting, and arranging the sources in the form of historical writing. This research also applied Gidden’s theory of structuration to clarify the position of Tan Khoen as a publishing agent. The discussion on the structure of the literary society, which consisted of the representatives from the government, authors, publishers, and readers becomes an integral part of the study. This study concludes both the government and private publishers had an intention to educate people although Tan Khoen Swie did not tied its theme on the existing system. However structurally, the existence Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie were bounded by the authors, other publishers, and readers. The seasons for publishing Javanese culture books because the books contained noble culture, which needs to be disseminated, the legitimation of Javanese writers, and promising market prospect. The success of Tan Khoen Swie business lies in its ability to build networking among authors, publishers, and readers or bookstores. The books published in his business spread across Indonesia. He served both as a cultural broker and as an agent of Javanese culture. Keywords: Tan Khoen Swie, Javanese culture, Boekhandel, colonial period. Makalah ini mengungkap cara Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie Kediri, sebagai agen budaya Jawa, yang mengelola rumah penerbitannya di tengah-tengah pemerintah kolonial dan pemerintah Indonesia, menyebarkan budaya Jawa kepada masyarakat di Jawa dan di seluruh Indonesia. Sejarah penerbit ini menarik karena terkait dengan tiga kebijakan berbeda dari tiga jenis ideologi pemerintah. Penelitian ini yang berarti mencari, mengkritik, menafsirkan, dan mengatur sumber-sumber dalam bentuk penulisan sejarah. Penelitian ini juga menerapkan teori strukturasi Gidden untuk memperjelas posisi Tan Khoen sebagai agen penerbitan. Diskusi tentang struktur masyarakat sastra, yang terdiri dari perwakilan dari pemerintah, penulis, penerbit, dan pembaca menjadi bagian integral dari penelitian ini. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemerintah dan penerbit swasta memiliki niat untuk mendidik orang-orang meskipun Tan Khoen Swie tidak mengikat temanya pada sistem yang ada. Namun secara struktural, keberadaan Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie dibatasi oleh penulis, penerbit lain, dan pembaca. Musim untuk menerbitkan buku-buku budaya Jawa karena buku-buku itu berisi budaya mulia, yang perlu disebarluaskan, legitimasi penulis Jawa, dan prospek pasar yang menjanjikan. Keberhasilan bisnis Tan Khoen Swie terletak pada kemampuannya membangun jejarin","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"43-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48987871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE MEDIA AND SOCIO-POLITICAL CHANGE: A SNAPSHOT OF NORTH AFRICA AND GHANA’S CASE","authors":"Samuel Adu-Gyamfi, Kwasi Amakye-boateng, Richard Oware","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.15604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.15604","url":null,"abstract":"The mass media is a very useful tool to educate, to inform and to entertain. However, recent studies have shown that the media in whatever form has contributed immensely to bring about both social and political change in respective communities across the globe and Africa in particular. The case of Ghana has been presented from the different tangents by different authors. Significantly, this contribution pays attention to the role of the press (media) as well as the digital media in ensuring effective social and political change. In the first instance, this looks at the role of the media from the past to present and juxtaposes that with recent developments in Ghana and other African Countries. Attention is also paid to the role of the media in the respective elections in Ghana. Keywords: Press, Mass Media, Politics, Democracy, Transitions, Political Development, Social Development Media massa adalah alat yang sangat berguna untuk mendidik, menginformasikan, dan menghibur. Namun, penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa media dalam bentuk apa pun telah berkontribusi besar untuk membawa perubahan sosial dan politik di komunitas masing-masing di seluruh dunia dan Afrika pada khususnya. Kasus Ghana telah disajikan dari berbagai garis singgung oleh penulis yang berbeda. Secara signifikan, kontribusi ini memperhatikan peran pers (media) serta media digital dalam memastikan perubahan sosial dan politik yang efektif. Dalam contoh pertama, ini terlihat pada peran media dari masa lalu hingga sekarang dan menyandingkan bahwa dengan perkembangan terakhir di Ghana dan negara-negara Afrika lainnya. Perhatian juga diberikan pada peran media dalam pemilihan masing-masing di Ghana. Kata kunci: Pers, Media Massa, Politik,   Demokrasi, Transisi, Perkembangan Politik, Pembangunan Sosial","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"58-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48734011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIES IN THE COLONIAL PERIOD: THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE PEOPLE OF TEGAL IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY","authors":"C. Utami","doi":"10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.18611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/PARAMITA.V29I1.18611","url":null,"abstract":"During the colonial government, the emergence of an industrial sector in economic system cannot be separated from the desire to meet the needs of international commodities. Non-agricultural economic activities occupied by Tegal rural communities were grown and developed, especially those related to world markets. The purpose of this study is to uncover the industrial dynamics of the Tegal people, social conditions of the people in it, the synergy of the colonial industry with the people's industry. Historical method with the approach of the social sciences used as an analytical tool various conditions in rural areas. The results of the study show that non-agricultural people's economic activities in Tegal, had existed long before the colonial period and grew. Its existence is widely used for colonial interests. While the consideration of the colonial government placing various industries in Tegal is, strategic position, economic infrastructure, regional potential. Keywords: Colonial Government, Synergy, People's Industry Pada masa pemerintah kolonial, munculnya suatu sistem perekonomian sektor industri tidak bisa dilepaskan dari keinginan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan komoditas dunia internasional. Kegiatan ekonomi non pertanian, yang telah ditekuni oleh masyarakat pedesaan Tegal semakin ditumbuhkan, khususnya yang terkait dengan pasar dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengungkap dinamika industri rakyat Tegal, kondisi sosial masyarakat di dalamnya, sinergitas industri kolonial dengan industri rakyat. Metode historis dengan pendekatan ilmu-ilmu sosial, dipakai sebagai alat analisis berbagai kondisi di wilayah pedesaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ekonomi rakyat non pertanian di Tegal, telah ada jauh sebelum masa kolonial dan tumbuh. Keberadaannya banyak  dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan kolonial. Sementara itu pertimbangan pemerintah kolonial menempatkan berbagai industri di Tegal adalah,  posisi yang strategis, infrastruktur ekonomi, potensi wilayah. Kata Kunci:  Pemerintah Kolonial, Sinergitas, Industri Rakyat","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47897138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}