Annals of Tropical Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Histopathological spectrum of benign lesions of the breast from a university teaching hospital in Northern Nigeria","authors":"M. Abubakar, B. Kabir, A. Liman, S. Shehu, Saad A Ahmed, P. Abur, Mohammed Bashir, Z. Adamu, Kamarudeen Sani, Murphy Osita-Ufere, S. Abdullahi, Aliyu U Bappa","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_19_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_19_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Benign breast diseases (BBDs) are a term that refers to a heterogeneous group of lesions of the breast that are not malignant. They are more common than malignant breast lesions and are important because of the need to differentiate them from breast cancer and for the increased risk of cancer development associated with some behavior-driven development. Aims: The aim of this work was to classify and study the clinicopathological patterns of BBDs as seen in our hospital. Methodology: All benign breast lesions diagnosed in our over the study period were studied. Data were extracted from patients' request cards, hematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides, and histopathology reports issued for each of the cases. The data were analyzed and presented in tabular formats. Results: Four hundred and fiftyfour cases of BBDs were recorded over the study period. 96% of these cases were reported in the female patient. The mean age of our patients was 29.62 ± 8.86 years with the age group of 21–30 years having the highest frequency. Fibroadenoma (FA) (226 cases) was the most common followed by fibrocystic diseases (FCDs). Four cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia were seen. Lesions of the male breast were seen in 18 patients and all were cases of gynecomastia. Conclusion: BBDs are the most common histologically diagnosed breast diseases in our center. FA, and FCDs were the most common BBDs. A relatively low prevalence of premalignant lesions not reflective of the high incidence of breast cancer in our environment was observed. Routine mammographic screen for these lesions is therefore recommended.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115977645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nodular Hyperplasia of the Bartholin's Gland: An Overlooked Clinical Entity","authors":"S. Omenai, Sunday Omozuwa, M. Nweke","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_2_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_2_22","url":null,"abstract":"The Bartholin gland can give rise to several lesions that include: cysts from duct obstruction, carcinomas and much rarely nodular hyperplasia and adenomas. Nodular hyperplasia is an under-reported entity that most often presents as a Bartholin cyst to the gynecologist. We report a case of a 21-year-old Nigerian student who presented with a nontender left cystic vulva swelling with associated vaginal discharges and occasional pains of a month duration. She had an excision of the nodular mass that was seen on the marsupialization of the cyst. The histology of the excised tissue showed nodular hyperplasia of the Bartholin's gland. Tumors of the Bartholin glands are rare in general, with malignant neoplasms easily differentiated from benign ones with histology and clinical presentation. However, benign neoplasms and reactive conditions of the Bartholin glands can easily be confused as both have similar clinical presentations. This distinction is easily made with histology.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"74 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128052298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: The hemotological profile in COVID-19 infection: A mini-review","authors":". .","doi":"10.4103/2251-0060.353208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2251-0060.353208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114250656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy attending infectious disease clinic in a southwest tertiary health institution in Nigeria","authors":"A. Salawu, Rofiat Kareem, Elizabeth O. Oke, T. Oloyede, S. Ojedokun, K. Oreagba","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_18_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_18_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The introduction of HAART has led to significant decline in morbidity and mortality in HIV/AIDS patient however not without the emergence of a number of metabolic derangements. Materials and Methods: The study adopted cross sectional design carried involed one hundred and fifty participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 10mls of blood samples was collected after overnight fasting, distributed into appropriate specimen bottles for fasting blood glucose, CD4 count, viral loads and lipids profile assays. Results: There mean age was 41.94 years with female preponderance and male to female ratio of 1:3.81. The common ART used among subjects was tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (98.4%). The log mean CD4 count was 5.58. The prevalence of abdominal obesity among subjects was 42.4% according to National Cholesterol Education Program for Adult treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), and a higher prevalence of 56.8% according to International Diabetes Foundation/joint interim statement (IDF/JIS) criteria. High fasting glucose was evident in 24.8% (n = 31), hypertriglyceridemia in 12.8%, majority (76%) had low high-density lipoprotein and high blood pressure in more than one third (43.2%) of the population. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among subjects ranged between 35.2% and 43.2% according to the NCEP-ATP III, IDF, and JIS criteria. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic complications of HAART in patients with HIV infection observed in this study is high despite improvements in morbidity and mortality conferred by immune reconstitution. The long-term effects of these metabolic complications indicate the need for concern and active preventive measures. These findings call for an integrated management strategy.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124678167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomyxoma peritonei originating from gynecological diseases: An incidental pathological diagnosis","authors":"M. Samaila, A. Koledade, Rimamskep Ifusumu, S. Abdullahi, Usman Bappa, A. Adesiyun, F. Bakari, A. Makarfi, Ibrahim Adekanbi, Abbas Iliyasu, Sakina Ghazali","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_10_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_10_22","url":null,"abstract":"Psuedomyxoma peritonei is an uncommon disease characterized by the presence and accumulation of gelatinous material in the pelvis and abdominal cavity. It is an unusual manifestation of mucinous ascites of controversial origin, though often associated with a primary tumour of the appendix. Diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei is often incidental during exploratory laparotomy because there are no specific diagnostic clinical symptoms. We report three females with gynaecological diseases with incidental finding of pseudomyxoma peritonei in the absence of appendiceal or gastrointestinal tumour. Tissue biopsies were fixed in 10% formalin and processed in paraffin wax. Representative sections were stained with haematoxylin & eosin, periodic acid Schiff, diastase and mucicarmine. Three females aged 25years, 42years and 50years presented respectively with a year, 5years and 12years history of abdominal swelling and abdominal mass. The older female also complained of vaginal protrusion with significant weight loss. Clinical diagnosis in the two younger females was advanced ovarian carcinoma, while the older female was diagnosed with third degree utero vaginal prolapse. All three had exploratory laparotomy which revealed unilateral multi lobulated left ovarian masses, with extensive mucinous peritoneal and omental deposits. There were no obvious gastrointestinal lesions and the appendices had no gross pathology. Two of the patients had oophorectomy with peritoneal and omental clearance of mucinous materials while the third patient had vaginal hysterectomy and peritoneal clearance of gelatinous deposits. The gelatinous materials showed papillary and multi locular cystic masses containing gelatinous fluid. Histopathological diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei in a background of mucinous ovarian cystadenoma, and utero vaginal prolapse with epidermialization of the cervical lining epithelium was made. Pseudomyxoma peritonei occurs in the absence of a primary appendiceal disease and there are no specific diagnostic clinical symptoms. Definitive diagnosis requires histopathological analysis however, clinicians should entertain a high index of suspicion during laparotomy when mucin pools are present in the absence of gross pathology particularly in females with benign gynaecological diseases. Our cases were classed histologically into the benign disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis type.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unforeseen gastrointestinal events following antituberculous therapy","authors":"Sandheep Janardhanan, S. Varghese, B. Sebastian, S. Mathai","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_13_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_13_21","url":null,"abstract":"Eosinophilic enteritis is a rare entity affecting human gastrointestinal tract. The exact etiology is unknown, and some drugs are implicated in causing this condition. We report a case of drug-induced eosinophilic enteritis, caused by antituberculous therapy (ATT). The cessation of ATT-induced clinical remission and symptoms were reproduced on drug re-challenge, which corroborated our diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122434228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis and associated risk factors among undergraduate in a tertiary institution in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"B. Tayo, C. Elikwu, T. Ajani, C. Okangba, Chinenye Anaedobe2, V. Nwadike, O. Shonekan, A. Omeonu, Oluwaseun Faluyi, Grace Imangbe, B. Udoh, Chimdi Eleweke, O. Okam, Kelechi Nwonyi, A. Oladayo, F. Atalabi","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_11_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_11_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a disease condition in women with adverse health outcomes. Proper clinical diagnosis of BV is difficult because a larger percentage of women are asymptomatic until they come down with its sequaele. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic BV among undergraduate female students of Babcock University in Ogun State Nigeria and to detect the risk factors associated with it. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 200 asymptomatic undergraduate female student of Babcock University from September 2018 to November 2019. Information was obtained, using structured questionnaire, on sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics considered risk factors of the respondents. High vaginal swabs were collected from each of the participants, made into thin smears and were Gram stained. Modified Nugent criteria were used to analyze the specimen and make a diagnosis of BV. The data were analyzed by IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 20 (SPSS Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic BV among the study participants was 35/200 (17.5%). Vaginal douching (Odd's ratio [OR] = 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49–7.33), smoking (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.16–8.80), previous history of reproductive tract infection (OR = 16, 95% CI 3.99–64.11), and wearing of nylon underwears (OR = 5.21, 95% CI: 1.23–21.88) were the factors with increased likelihood of BV on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The prevalence of BV among the asymptomatic population in this study is high. The risk factors found suggest that there should be preventive program strategies such as education on risky behaviors.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128713255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of coexistence of microfilaria with anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid","authors":"Manish Saroj, A. Singh, Sneha Aditi, R. Sinha","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_21_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_21_21","url":null,"abstract":"Even in the 21st century, filariasis still remains one of the major health problems plaguing India. Filariasis usually presents as superficial swelling and lymphedema. It is uncommon for microfilaria to be seen during routine cytological examination. It is even rarer to find microfilaria coexisting with neoplastic lesions. Ninety-five percent of cases of lymphatic filariasis are caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and are rarely found in the thyroid gland. Here, we report a case of a 47-year-old male who presented with midline neck swelling, for which he underwent fine needle aspiration cytology which showed microfilaria coexisting with anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133719255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenotonsillar kaposi sarcoma with severe upper airway obstruction in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related disseminated disease – A case report and literature review","authors":"O. Quadri, A. Lawan, N. Shofoluwe, Abdulmajeed Yahya","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_12_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_12_21","url":null,"abstract":"Reported cases of upper airway obstruction (UAO) due to obstructive adenotonsillar Kaposi sarcoma (KS) are rare in our environment. We report a 29-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive female Nigerian who had defaulted treatment for 6 years but represented with disseminated KS and features of severe UAO that necessitated emergency tracheostomy and adenotonsillectomy. She had remarkable improvement in her breathing, feeding, and speech while being in a stable and satisfactory clinical state postoperatively until 3 days later. She suddenly deteriorated and died. Histology report of the adenoid and tonsillar tissues revealed features in keeping with KS (nodular stage). Lack of compliance with antiretroviral therapy and default from care could have facilitated the development of an aggressive KS and the rare presentation. Adherence to the management protocol of HIV infection would bring about early detection of KS, which can be promptly managed with a possible favorable outcome, thereby preventing or reducing dissemination.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124288540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of infection prevention and control in hospitals in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ekuma, I. Etukudo, A. Onukak, R. Umoh, Betini Christian","doi":"10.4103/atp.atp_1_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atp.atp_1_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) programs are important in controlling healthcare associated infections (HAIs). In low and middle income countries, IPC programs targeting HCAIs are frequently underdeveloped and sometimes nonexistent. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess and identify gaps in IPC practice across selected hospitals in Akwa Ibom State. Methods: This was a survey of hospitals in Akwa Ibom State in Southern Nigeria. Information for each hospital was provided by IPC representatives of each hospital through a 24 point questionnaire covering administrative controls, hand hygiene, available laboratory tests for infections, and waste disposal. Results: There were 25 hospitals across 15 local government areas in the state included in the survey. The average number of beds in the hospitals was 57 (6–300); the average number of wards was 6 (1–20); the average number of staff was: doctors 9 (2–40); nurses 33 (6–200); other staff 19 (3–100). There were 16 hospitals with a designated staff to oversee IPC activities, 4 with a staff dedicated to IPC activities, and one with a written IPC policy. Adequate number of hand washing stations was reported in 11 centers while 9 had regular supply of running water and 9 had regular supply of alcohol based hand sanitizers for hand hygiene. There was low capacity for onsite microbiology cultures to identify infectious agents, although most centers had HIV and hepatitis B virus rapid diagnostic test kits. Conclusion: There are variable levels of implementation of IPC in hospitals in Akwa Ibom State with a lack of structure, guidelines, and resources being a hindrance to high level of IPC in these hospitals.","PeriodicalId":307224,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Pathology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127078583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}