Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications最新文献

{"title":"THE PENTAGONAL TOWER OF MEDZHYBIZH FORTRESS IN THE RESEARCH OF EUGENIA LOPUSHYNSKA","authors":"Tatiana Vietrova, I. Snitko","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2022.17.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2022.17.152","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed review and analysis of previous research is required for further study of the structural and functional features of the pentagonal “Knight's” tower in the defensive complex of the Medzhybizh fortress. The tower is located on the northwestern corner of the defensive walls of the Medzhybizh fortress. Its southeastern corner adjoins the modern entrance, and its northeastern corner abut onto the one-story building near the northwestern defensive wall. The tower is partially extended beyond the curtain line. During the architectural and restoration works, which began in 1968, the most significant contribution to the study of the tower was made by Yevgenia Lopushynska. The result of that activity is a topographical and geodetic survey of the territory, a examination of the monument, measuring works, a compiled report of the technical condition of the structure, a defective report of the building and the fortress, a restoration task and photo-fixation. Archival materials and library collections were also studied. The set of scientific and project documentation collected on this defensive structure is stored in the State Historical and Cultural Reserve \"Mezhybizh\" and fragments of it have published in scientific publications of the 90s of the last century. Thus, the paper presents the experience of architectural and archaeological research of the pentagonal tower in the Medzhybizh fortress carried out by the specialists of “Ukrproektrestavratsiya” (Kyiv) in the 60s-90s of the 20th century more detail.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131854961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW OF REMAINED BASTION CASTLES IN LVIV REGION (UKRAINE)","authors":"O. Tikhonova","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2022.17.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2022.17.029","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to give a complete picture of preserved 17th-century bastion castles in the Lviv Region in Ukraine with their current conditions. The results of thestudy are ready to be picked up by different actors participating in the restoration and conservation interventions for the development of proposals and recommendations for the rehabilitation and prosperity of those cultural monuments. Three of the reviewed castles in the article have not been registered as heritage sites yet and are rarely known among the public; two of them are recently uncovered and visited by the author. Further development of this study can help create proposals for registering unregistered monuments shown in this article, at least on the regional level as heritage.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114852395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE VISUAL HERITAGE OF VADYM SHCHERBAKIVSKYI IS THE PRIMARY SOURCE FOR THE STUDY OF THE GENESIS OF UKRAINIAN SACRED CONSTRUCTION, FOLK ART AND ETHNOGRAPHY (BASED ON ARCHIVAL MATERIALS OF THE INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE)","authors":"Y. Taras","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2023.18.093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2023.18.093","url":null,"abstract":"Photographs and negatives of V. Scherbakivskyi are an important source for studying the genesis of Ukrainian sacred construction, architecture, folk art, and ethnography. They are the basis for the restoration of the artistic tradition, remain relevant, and go far beyond the boundaries of historiographical discourse. The goal is to publicize and analyze information about Vadym Shcherbakivskyi's negatives, which are stored in the funds of the Institute of Ethnology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, to show his familiarity with photographic practice, to highlight their value for architecture, folk art, ethnology, and church history. The object of the study is the legacy of V. Scherbakivskyi's negatives, collected by the Museum of the National Academy of Sciences. The subject is the practice of using visual material by Vadym Shcherbakivskyi to study the genesis of Ukrainian sacred construction, folk art, ethnography and to restore the artistic tradition. Methods: comparative-historical analysis is used for the reconstruction, study and research of certain ethnographic territories of Ukraine; synchronous and diachronic — to characterize the content variability of its photo-fixation, its use for building the genesis of Ukrainian sacred architecture and its origin. The article highlights the cooperation of V. Shcherbakivskyi with the National Academy of Sciences, his scientific research in Galicia at the beginning of the 20th century. and in the Poltava region, it is shown how the collected visual sources allowed V. Shcherbakivskyi to assert the existence of an independent \"Ukrainian church style\", that the Ukrainian artistic tradition is a confirmation of national identity, it is highlighted how his photo-fixation of Ukrainian church architecture became an important factor in the breakdown of the Great Russian piece in appropriation other people's achievements. It is shown how visual sources serve as artifacts for the study of architecture, folk art, ethnology and Church history, the tasks set for the processing and digitization of photos and negatives of V. Shcherbakivsky and the publication of an album for the 150th anniversary of his birth.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117236469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STRATIN CITY FORTIFICATIONS: CONSTRUCTION DATE, EFFICIENCY, PLANNING AND VOLUME-SPACE CHARACTERISTICS","authors":"Zenoviy Fedunkiv","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2023.18.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2023.18.108","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the results of scientific expeditions and field surveys, the article examines the problems of construction dating, functioning efficiency, localization and identification of structures and fortifications, the planning and spatial structure of the Stratyn city fortifications. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that, apart from the reports of four scientific expeditions, no full-fledged scientific article was devoted to Stratyn's city fortifications. The study, based on the analysis of historical sources and the military-political situation, puts forward an assumption about the period of construction of city fortifications and their role in the Polish-Turkish wars of the 1670s. Based on the analysis of cartographic sources and field surveys, an analysis of the planning structure was carried out, the location was determined and fortification structures and fortifications were identified. On the basis of the analysis of the fortification and technological features of the preserved fragments of ramparts, ditches and sites of buildings, it was concluded that the Stratyn city fortifications belong to the bastion defense system common in the western Ukrainian lands.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"13 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115965846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC AND DESIGN DOCUMENTATION \"HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL BASIC PLAN OF LVIV”","authors":"M. Bevz","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2020.14.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2020.14.144","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114932940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH OF THE HISTORICALLY FORMED STRUCTURE OF PUBLIC SPACES OF RESORT ON THE EXAMPLE OF YAREMCHE, TATARIV, VOROKHTA OF IVANO-FRANKIVSK REGION","authors":"Mykyta Hrach, L. Polishchuk","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2022.17.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2022.17.072","url":null,"abstract":"In this small-research study, the public spaces of the historical centres of three resorts of the Ivano-Frankivsk region (Yaremche, Tatariv, Vorokhta) were localized, their morphology and existing condition were analyzed, and architectural and town-planning elements were identified. Particular attention is paid to identifying the historically formed structure of spaces, their state of preservation, typology and uniqueness. All structural elements (existing ones and lost ones) were identified with the help of cartographic analysis, iconographic analysis and field surveys. The spatial organization of the researched resort areas represents a linear structure characteristic of mountain valleys. Following the terrain, the urban structure developed along the main road, which was laid along the Prut River. From the second half of the 19th century, this system was supplemented by the Transcarpathian railway. In the process of the field research, in addition to the inventory of discovered architectural objects, several historical spatial structures were localized, mostly neglected or lost today. During the research, two principle urban planning structures of different scales were identified: • the first is traced in the structure of historical public spaces of squares, streets, and promenades; • the second space was formed directly in the surroundings of significant complexes, sanatoriums, and boarding houses. The article examines the first planning structure in more detail. Theoretical models of public spaces for the identified three resorts were developed, in which the typological affinity and the presence of such basic architectural and town-planning elements as historical villa buildings, promenades, resort parks, beaches, etc. were recorded. All basic elements are grouped around one or more communication axes. It was defined that the development of public spaces of resort settlements can be adjusted in accordance with resort and recreation requirements, modern needs of users, taking into account their historical structure with the use of revalorization/revitalization methods.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126690321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS OF RESEARCH OF URBAN DEFENSE COMPLEXES OF CITIES OF THE EASTERN PODOLIA IN THE 16th-18th CENTURIES","authors":"Ilia Lytvyncuk, O. Rybchynskyi","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2020.13.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2020.13.087","url":null,"abstract":"In this article the authors touch on the methods of fortifications of the cities of Eastern Podillya - the least studied region of Ukraine. Components of long-term urban fortifications are considered as a single system of so-called urban defense complexes. Mandatory components of this system are a defensive castle and fortifications of the middletowns, which are recorded on the maps of military cartographers of the 17th-18th centuries. With this in mind, the authors clarify in the article the strategic importance of Eastern Podillya for the state and consider the development of urban defense complexes on its territory in retrospect. The analyzed sources allow us to speak about two periods of fortification development in Eastern Podillya. The first concerns the subordination of the territory to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the reign of Vytautas I, who expanded to the Black Sea coast and fortified the Southern Bug basin with a chain of fortifications and customs. After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople and Crimea, trade ties with the south were lost, and its territory became dangerous for Podillya due to raids by nomads. Lithuania lost Vytautas' southern conquests and became completely dependent on Poland as a result of the introduction of a personal union. Subsequently, an administrative and political system identical to other provinces of Poland was introduced on the territory of Eastern Podillya and the Bratslav Voivodeship was formed. After the Union of Lublin, the territory of Bratslav became a source of huge lands for private ownership of magnates, who built their own systems for fortification of their estates, so the state was directly removed from strategic planning of defense of Eastern Podillya, royal power was concentrated only in the main capitals of Vinnytsia and Bratslav. On the basis of field surveys of partially preserved urban defense complexes, the article identifies the main types depending on the compositional and planning features. The location of fortifications on the terrain was also analyzed with the help of Google Earth software capabilities. Comparison of the data of relief cross-sections with the verified data of the foundation of fortified settlements revealed a stable correlation. Thus, the fortifications of the cities that were founded in the first period (Grand Duchy) were located on the heights of capes, ridges, hills, while the fortifications of the later ones were located in the valley. Given the low level of research of Ukrainian cities for the analysis of their defense systems, the authors recommend in further studies to investigate in detail the groups of cities that formed the estate complexes of specific magnate families in Podolia - Kalinov, Zbarazh, Zamoysk, and others for a unified defense system. and highlighting the characteristics of the spatial planning composition.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123747995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEM OF PRESERVATION THE HISTORIC MONASTERY IN NOVY ZAGORIV","authors":"Lesia Chen","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2020.13.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2020.13.046","url":null,"abstract":"The architectural and spatial arrangement of the monastery in Novyi Zagoriv is considered. The evolution of its development has been defined and the stages of the monastery's development have been determined. Observation of monastic structures were conducted. Based on the analysis of the technical condition of the monastery buildings that have survived until today, the restoration approaches for preservation the monument have been developed.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"26 22","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131805420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORTIFICATION OBIECTS AND STREET NETWORK DEVELOPMENT IN THE HISTORICAL PART OF CHERNIVTSI CITY IN THE 18th-20th CENTURIES","authors":"M. Bevz, Oleksandr Kyshlyaruk","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2020.13.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2020.13.028","url":null,"abstract":"Formation and development of the central part of Chernivtsi is a long historical process. The settlement, which emerged in the XIV century, underwent major urban transformations that took place during the XVIII-XX centuries. They became an important period of creation of the renewed structure plan of the city area which is still in operation. The historical city centre has been changing its structure, size, functional organization during a long time. The objective of the research is to study and compare the main parameters and characteristics of the city at certain historical stages by analysing the development of its transport network. The purpose of the article is to review and analyse available cartographic materials and study the street network development in the historical part of the city in the late XVIII - XX centuries. The article highlights the factors that played an important role in the formation and development of Chernivtsi city centre, in particular, strengthening and expansion of economic ties. According to the findings, discovery of new trade routes became a decisive factor that influenced the development of Chernivtsi, determined the city structure and directions of the main streets. Other important factors include natural conditions and local terrain, social economic and administrative impact. Studies have shown that the historical centre of Chernivtsi evolved according to the existing structure plan. Analysis of cartographic materials and historical sources allows to characterize the basic principles of urban development. Expansion of the street network and squares, as well as trends in the planning of residential areas provide an opportunity to assess their nature, scale and size. Topographical maps enabled us to devise comparative schemes of urban development and evolution of city boundaries throughout the studied period. The city center moved gradually to new areas in the south-western direction. This feature of the city development provides important materials for urban study. This work can be primarily aimed at studying the urban planning structure, defense lines, public spaces, etc. The city developed in an extensive way, pushing the boundaries of the city center, creating new parallel urban complexes with new central squares. The most difficult task for scientists today is to localize these boundaries for different stages. The next difficult task is to find out old defense systems existed in the different parts of the city in the past. A completely unresolved question is how defense complexes influenced the development of the planning structure. The study allowed to highlight the prerequisites for major urban transformations in the historical part of Chernivtsi in the XVIII - XX centuries.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131967557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KEY PRINCIPLES OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS INTEGRATION IN THE BUILDINGS OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE","authors":"Saer Al-Akhmmadi, L. Shuldan","doi":"10.23939/fortifications2020.14.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2020.14.006","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of photovoltaics integration into the building of architectural heritage is in the zone of compromise between aspects of preservation and long-term use. The quality and success of such energy modernization are based on the principles of preserving and extending the term of the utilitarian use of buildings. It is crucial in this situation to determine the key principles of solar cell integration into buildings that form the historic environment. The constituent values of historic buildings form the basis for their definition. Domestic researchers have previously focused on some issues of \"inconsistency\" in the domestic monument protection legislation, which occur not only without formal violations of the law but on the contrary, based on its rules. The article continues the research of problems, methods, rules, and limitations of photovoltaic systems integration into the architecture of historical buildings initiated by the authors. The purpose of this article is to consider issues related to the cultural value preservation of the historic buildings in the integration of solar systems, as well as to determine the priorities, value characteristics defined by legislative and regulatory documents of Ukraine, value components of the historic buildings. The purpose is also to measure the value components` interaction and to form the principles of solar cell integration based on it. The basic priority in making decisions on energy modernization, switching to new energy types, and introducing solar generation, is to promote the preservation and long-term operation of cultural heritage buildings. In total, the components form a broader definition of the value of historic buildings and environment, which goes beyond what is defined by law. Decisions on energy measures for cultural heritage buildings require a search for a balance of priorities between different value components. Based on the value components, nine principles of solar cells integration into historic buildings have been formed.","PeriodicalId":307059,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125111567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}