PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Economic Foundations for Creative Ageing Policy, Volume II: Putting Theory into Practice","authors":"Andrzej Klimczuk","doi":"10.1057/978-1-137-53523-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53523-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133197702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Population Aging on Household Savings and Portfolio Choice in Japan","authors":"Tokuo Iwaisako, Arito Ono, Amane Saito, Hidenobu Tokuda","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2908756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2908756","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the impact of population aging on Japanese financial markets, particularly whether households have begun to dissave and reduce their asset holdings of risky assets, such as stocks, as a result. Our main finding is that there is currently no significant decline in stock holdings and that this trend will continue in the near future. While there is little doubt that Japanese household savings have decreased of late, we should view the sharp decline observed in the early 2000s as a deviation from the long-run trend associated with a large income shock. The true trend of savings without a negative income shock in the early 2000s would have been declining more smoothly and moderately, so that any abrupt portfolio shift associated with negative shocks to household savings is unlikely. As found in our previous work, the average share of risky assets in Japanese household portfolios increases with age and barely decreases, even for those aged 60 years and over. The decline in household stock holding will be slower than it could have been with comparable aging in other countries. According to our micro data (Nikkei Radar), the main sources of increasing household wealth are the increasing wealth of the elderly and the increasing proportion of the wealthier elderly population over the period 2000–14. Household portfolio shares have slowly moved from bank deposits to stocks; a change mostly explained by the increase in the proportion of elderly households holding stocks. We also closely consider the effect of aging on the Japanese government bond (JGB) market in the new millennium. Household direct holdings of JGBs peaked around 2008–09. However, direct holdings of JGBs are very limited when compared with the total amount outstanding. Consequently, we expect that population aging will not exert a significant effect on the JGB market","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124824866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personhood Amendments after Whole Woman's Health v. Hellerstedt","authors":"S. Morrison","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2805197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2805197","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past six years, pro-life advocates have used Targeted Regulation of Abortion Providers (TRAP) laws and state-level constitutional personhood amendments to end abortion. The Supreme Court’s recent opinion in Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt suggests that the TRAP strategy will give way to a greater push for personhood amendments. This is so for three reasons. First, Whole Woman’s Health undermined the woman’s-health basis for TRAP laws, and may encourage advocates to refocus their efforts on fetal rights. Second, Whole Woman’s Health limited the types of statute that can survive judicial scrutiny, but left constitutional amendments untouched. Third, with TRAP laws under attack, the pro-life movement’s only other sustained, institutional strategy is to push personhood amendments.Whole Woman’s Health also reinforced the Planned Parenthood v. Casey undue burden test. The law around abortion rights, therefore, has become less favorable to pro-life advocates. The fight over reproductive rights will thus become more overtly political. Because personhood amendments are broad and vague enough not to be facially unconstitutional, and because they engage voters’ social and moral preferences, they represent the political future of the pro-life movement. Advocates would, therefore, do well to concentrate on the political aspects of personhood amendments. This article illuminates those political aspects by analyzing the 2014 campaign against North Dakota’s personhood amendment, which is broadly representative of past and probably future campaigns, from three vantage points. Historically, it places North Dakota’s campaign in the context of the post-Roe v. Wade fight over abortion rights and the probable effect of Whole Woman’s Health. Legally, it analyzes the salient legal issues arising from the amendment and its possible impacts, most importantly on reproductive rights, end-of-life care, and in vitro fertilization. Politically, the article reports the results of a survey the author performed, which details why the North Dakota amendment failed so decisively at the ballot box. Whole Woman’s Health may signal a new era for reproductive rights; it will certainly mean that personhood amendments become more attractive to pro-life advocates. This article provides the insight necessary to understand that shift.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121462316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequality in the Face of Death: The Socioeconomic Gradient in Mortality of the Spanish Working-Age Population","authors":"Jesús Clemente, P. García-Castrillo, María A. González-Álvarez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2718854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2718854","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the association between income and mortality over a three year period for working-age Spaniards. Method Data on 693,994 individuals was taken from a social security sampling using a logit model to estimate the probabilities of death for each income decile and the mortality rate ratios (MRR) in three different models: 1) using only income, controlled by age and sex,2) adding socio-economic and geographic variables and, 3) adding level of education. Results: A gradient appears in the mortality rate over income deciles with a maximum MRR of 3.41 in men and 1.68 in women. The shape of the adjustment is clearly non-linear and levels out as income increases. The gradient attenuates for both sexes when variables are introduced that try to capture the inverse causality (2.4 and 1.3). Controlling by level of education reduces the gradient for men (2.2) and intensifies it for women (1.5). Conclusion: The association of the relationship between income and mortality is verified, as well as its non-linear nature, the greater intensity for men than for women, and its persistence when controlling for variables that try to capture causality.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115911270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Global Demography of Ageing: Facts, Explanations, Future","authors":"D. Bloom, D. Luca","doi":"10.1016/BS.HESPA.2016.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/BS.HESPA.2016.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133982454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Политическая Демография России. Политика и Государственное Управление (Political Demography of Russia. Politics and State Government)","authors":"Jack Goldstone, Sergey Shulgin, V. Arkhangelskiy, A. Korotaev, Y. Zinkina, K. Novikov, D. Pustovalov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2624549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2624549","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the demographic processes of the Russian Federation, government regulation of demographic processes and their social and economic consequences. The work analyzed the impact of public policies to support the birth rate and assess its effectiveness, with studied problems associated with estimating excess mortality of young working age, and studied problems associated with migration sentiments on the example of the Vladimir region.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114964997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"India Amongst SAARC in Respect of Human Capital Accumulation","authors":"Kruti Chhaya","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2577771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2577771","url":null,"abstract":"Looking to its size and quality of population through historical perspective, India enjoys special position among South-Asian countries. Socio-economic development of south Asia will give direct benefit to India at its political, social and economic frontiers. World has recognized the importance of education and technological advancement for sustainable development. India can contribute in Asia’s development with its asset of population. To transform the asset of population into the Human capital well planned macroeconomic policies have to perform chief role. Especially government’s fiscal actions can guide people to use and divert resources to right path. This paper analysis India’s stay amongst SAARC countries in reference to Human Capital Accumulation. Available secondary data have been used to know trend of efforts in public sector towards human capital accumulation in respective SAARC countries.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"40 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132037334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Income and Population Growth in the US","authors":"L. Lanaspa, Marcos Sanso-Navarro","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2783682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2783682","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the possible presence of a causal relationship from income to population. With this aim, US data at different geographical levels have been analyzed using a dynamic panel data estimation framework. The results obtained suggest that the more dissagregated the data the stronger the evidence of a causal effect from real income per capita growth to population growth.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124286772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between Daughter Deficit and Development Deficit: The Situation of Unmarried Men in a South Indian Community","authors":"S. Srinivasan","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2562711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2562711","url":null,"abstract":"A likely effect of the continuing sex ratio imbalance in countries such as India is bride shortage. But can daughter deficit alone account for men’s difficulty in finding brides in such contexts? Drawing from research in the Kongu Velalla (KV) community in Tamil Nadu in south India which has had a long history of daughter elimination resulting in female deficit, the paper addresses this question. It demonstrates how the effects of daughter deficit unfold in the midst of changing economic processes and development gains made by women while sharpening the development deficit among men. These effects are immediately evident in women’s bargaining position in the marriage market. Whether daughter deficit will increase violence against women and society in general or enhance the value of women will depend on its interaction with development deficit, gender inequality and the important gains women are making to challenge traditional gender norms.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128660675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Aging, Migration Spillovers, and the Decline in Interstate Migration","authors":"Fatih Karahan, Serena Rhee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2521761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2521761","url":null,"abstract":"Interstate migration in the United States has declined by 50 percent since the mid-1980s. This paper studies the role of the aging population in this long-run decline. We argue that demographic changes trigger a general equilibrium effect in the labor market, which affects the migration rate of all workers. We document that an increase in the share of middle-aged workers (those ages 40 to 60) in the working-age population in one state causes a large fall in the migration rate of all workers in that state, regardless of their age. To understand this finding, we develop an equilibrium search model of many locations populated by workers whose moving costs differ. Firms prefer hiring local workers with high moving costs as they command lower wages due to their lower outside option. An increase in the share of middle-aged workers causes firms to recruit more from the local labor market instead of hiring from other locations, which increases the local job-finding rate and reduces everyone’s migration rate (“migration spillovers”). Our model reproduces remarkably well several cross-sectional facts between population flows and the age structure of the labor force. Our quantitative analysis suggests that population aging accounts for about half of the observed decline, of which 75 percent is attributable to the general equilibrium effect.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127172271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}