发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
How the Other Half Died: Immigration and Mortality in Us Cities 另一半是怎么死的:美国城市的移民和死亡率
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.3386/w27480
P. Ager, J. Feigenbaum, C. W. Hansen, Hui Ren Tan
{"title":"How the Other Half Died: Immigration and Mortality in Us Cities","authors":"P. Ager, J. Feigenbaum, C. W. Hansen, Hui Ren Tan","doi":"10.3386/w27480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27480","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fears of immigrants as a threat to public health have a long and sordid history. At the turn of the 20th century, when immigrants made up one-third of the population in crowded American cities, contemporaries blamed high urban mortality rates on the newest arrivals. We evaluate how the implementation of country-specific immigration quotas in the 1920s affected urban health. Cities with larger quota-induced reductions in immigration experienced a persistent decline in mortality rates, driven by a reduction in deaths from infectious diseases. The unfavorable living conditions immigrants endured explains the majority of the effect as quotas reduced residential crowding and mortality declines were largest in cities where immigrants resided in more crowded conditions and where public health resources were stretched thinnest.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"556 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116445761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
In Living Memory: The Dynamics of Event Recollection in a Stable Population 生活记忆:稳定人群中事件回忆的动态
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-05-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3594801
F. Denton, B. Spencer
{"title":"In Living Memory: The Dynamics of Event Recollection in a Stable Population","authors":"F. Denton, B. Spencer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3594801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3594801","url":null,"abstract":"We model a stable population that has experienced an important historical event and the declining proportion of the population that remembers that event, as time passes. The proportion is determined by the demographic characteristics of the population, including its age distribution, the natural rate of growth, the underlying birth rate, the life table probabilities to which the population is subject, and the effects of immigration and emigration under alternative assumptions about the nature of the event. (We distinguish between “local” and “universal” events.) It is determined also by the choice of an age of awareness of children at the time the event occurred. We preface development of the model by noting examples of major events of the kind we have in mind and, after development, explore the model’s sensitivity to different parameter specifications, by experimental simulation. The output of each experiment is a sequence of “remembering” proportions at successive decade intervals and the corresponding mean ages of the “rememberers” in relation to the overall mean age of the population.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122826483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Little Emperors in the Workplace: Labor Market Consequences of China's One-Child Policy 《职场小皇帝:中国独生子女政策对劳动力市场的影响》
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-02-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3534974
Yuyu Chen, E. Swee, Hui Wang
{"title":"Little Emperors in the Workplace: Labor Market Consequences of China's One-Child Policy","authors":"Yuyu Chen, E. Swee, Hui Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3534974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3534974","url":null,"abstract":"What is the impact of China's One-Child Policy on the labor market outcomes of the only children that it engendered? This paper quantifies the wage income gap between only children and their peers (i.e. those with siblings), and uncovers the channels that underlie it. We find that only children receive no higher wage income than their peers, once differences in schooling attainment and family background are accounted for. In fact, we learn that the OCP resulted in an only child wage penalty, which may be due to only children possessing inferior socio-emotional attributes that are valued in the labor market. Our results deliver important insights for China as only children continue to dominate its labor force at a rapid pace.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"48 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132123519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fertility Transitions in Developing Countries: Convergence, Timing, and Causes 发展中国家的生育率转变:趋同、时机和原因
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-12-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3522996
Erasmo Papagni
{"title":"Fertility Transitions in Developing Countries: Convergence, Timing, and Causes","authors":"Erasmo Papagni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3522996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3522996","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the dynamics of fertility in 180 countries in the period 1950-2015 and investigates the determinants of the onset of fertility transitions. The application of Phillips and Sul's (2007) test to fertility rates provides evidence of convergence in three groups of countries. This information is used to distinguish the transitioning countries from those not transitioning. The estimation of the year of onset of the fertility transition is followed by an econometric analysis of the causes of this event. Instrumental-variable estimates show that increasing female education and reduced infant mortality are important determinants of fertility decline, while per-capita GDP has probably worked in the opposite direction. The instruments for per-capita income are the trade-weighted world income (Acemoglu et al., 2008) and the oil price shock (Brueckner and Schwandt, 2015). Mortality is instrumented with the predicted mortality (Acemoglu and Johnson, 2007), and mothers' education with the years of schooling of people aged 40-64. These results are confirmed by the application of Lewbel's (2012) methods where identification is based on heteroskedasticity.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114251666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bridging the Mobile Digital Divide in Sub-Saharan Africa: Costing under Demographic Change and Urbanization 弥合撒哈拉以南非洲的移动数字鸿沟:人口变化和城市化下的成本
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781513519197.001
C. E. Alper, Michal Miktus
{"title":"Bridging the Mobile Digital Divide in Sub-Saharan Africa: Costing under Demographic Change and Urbanization","authors":"C. E. Alper, Michal Miktus","doi":"10.5089/9781513519197.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513519197.001","url":null,"abstract":"Digital connectivity, including through the modern cellular network technologies, is expected to play a key role for the Future of Work in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We estimate the cost of introducing a full-scale 4G network by 2025 in SSA and an operable 5G network by 2040. We adapt the costing model of Lombardo (2019) by accounting for the significant demographic transformation and rapid urbanization in SSA. We use the WorldPop and GADM databases and the UN’s medium-variant population projections to project the population densities at the highest level of administrative division for each SSA country in 2025 and 2040. For full 4G connectivity, the required capital and operational costs stands approximately at US$14 billion by 2025 and for 5G connectivity, costs amount to US$57 billion in 2040, conditional on having the 4G in place by 2025. These costs roughly translate to 8.4 percent of annual subscriber income, on a median basis, by 2025 for 4G and 4.9 percent of subscriber income by 2040 for 5G. Having the infrastructure in place is not sufficient to bridge the mobile Digital Divide. In addition, policies are needed to address affordability and knowledge gaps.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"64 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132219998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Population Aging and Structural Transformation 人口老龄化与结构转型
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.3386/w26327
Javier Cravino, A. Levchenko, M. Rojas
{"title":"Population Aging and Structural Transformation","authors":"Javier Cravino, A. Levchenko, M. Rojas","doi":"10.3386/w26327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26327","url":null,"abstract":"We quantify the role of population aging in the structural transformation process. Household-level data from the United States show that the fraction of expenditures devoted to services increases with household age. We use a shift-share decomposition and a quantitative model to show that US population aging accounted for about a fifth of the observed increase in the service share in consumption between 1982 and 2016. The contribution of population aging to the rise in the service share is about the same size as the contribution of real income growth and about half as large as that of changes in relative prices. (JEL D12, E21, E23, J11, J14)","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131390107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Population, Education and Income Inequality 人口、教育和收入不平等
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-05-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3851276
O. J. Parcero
{"title":"Population, Education and Income Inequality","authors":"O. J. Parcero","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3851276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3851276","url":null,"abstract":"In non-democracies, a large population size and density lead to more redistributive policies and lower income inequality. This is the result of the interconnection of two intermediate hypotheses. First, in non-democracies a larger population size and density increase the chance of a revolution attempt to overthrow the governing elites. Second, this revolution threat prompts the elites to better re-distribute the country’s income in an attempt to fend off this threat. This paper suggests and empirically tests that wider spread primary and, to a lesser extent, secondary education is one of the channels through which the elites achieve this better distribution.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131155650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Envejecimiento y finanzas: un modelo de comportamiento a largo plazo en España (Aging and Personal Finance: a Long-Term Behavior Model of the Spanish Population) 老龄化和个人财务:西班牙人口的长期行为模式(老龄化和个人财务:西班牙人口的长期行为模式)
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.22430/24223182.1442
M. Díaz-Fernández, M. Llorente-Marrón, M. Méndez-Rodríguez
{"title":"Envejecimiento y finanzas: un modelo de comportamiento a largo plazo en España (Aging and Personal Finance: a Long-Term Behavior Model of the Spanish Population)","authors":"M. Díaz-Fernández, M. Llorente-Marrón, M. Méndez-Rodríguez","doi":"10.22430/24223182.1442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22430/24223182.1442","url":null,"abstract":"El envejecimiento demográfico determina las características del ámbito económico. La hipótesis de estabilidad en el consumo del ciclo de vida del individuo hace del envejecimiento demográfico un factor que podría afectar al nivel de ahorro agregado. Normalmente, en la modelización del comportamiento de los activos financieros, son los factores de coyuntura económica los tenidos en cuenta quedando el foco demográfico relegado a un segundo plano. Diversos estudios empíricos han encontrado una elevada correlación entre la distribución por edades y las cotizaciones bursátiles. Con base en lo anterior, este trabajo realiza un ejercicio empírico con objeto de captar la conexión entre el papel que las finanzas personales ocupan en el ciclo de vida del individuo y el contexto demográfico. Mediante la especificación de un Modelo de Corrección del Error (MCE) se realiza un análisis de cointegración, que visualiza la vinculación estable a largo plazo entre el consumo de productos financieros y los cambios en la estructura por edades de la población.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132682756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Моделирование повышения пенсионного возраста в российские экономики с помощью глобальной CGE-OLG модели (Modeling the Increase in the Retirement Age in the Russian Economy Using the Global CGE-OLG Model)
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3362248
A. Zubarev, K. Nesterova
{"title":"Моделирование повышения пенсионного возраста в российские экономики с помощью глобальной CGE-OLG модели (Modeling the Increase in the Retirement Age in the Russian Economy Using the Global CGE-OLG Model)","authors":"A. Zubarev, K. Nesterova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3362248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3362248","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: В данной работе авторы моделируют реформу повышения пенсионного возраста в российской экономике у мужчин и женщин до 65 и 60 лет соответственно в условиях глобальной вычислимой модели общего равновесия. Предлагаемая модель учитывает долгосрочные демографические тренды, прогнозируемые ООН, а также структуру государственного бюджета каждого из 17 включенных в нее регионов. Согласно полученным результатам, эффект от реформы для экономического роста оказывается ограниченным. Тем не менее, данная реформа значительно способствует сбалансированности государственного бюджета в долгосрочном периоде. \u0000 \u0000English Abstract: This paper is aimed at modeling of the proposed rise in retirement age for Russian economy (from 60 to 65 for men and from 55 to 60 for women) in the setting of a global CGE-OLGE model that includes over 100 countries grouped into 17 regions. The model takes into account the relevant long run demographic forecasts made by the UN and the current budget structure for all the 17 regions/ the results suggest a weak effect of the rise in retirement age on the economic activity and a substantial positive effect on a long-term balance of the state budget.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131531033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Local Labor Market and Fertility: Evidence from the Trade Liberalization in Brazil 本地劳动力市场与生育率:来自巴西贸易自由化的证据
PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3374391
Dieison Lenon Casagrande, Álvaro Barrantes Hidalgo
{"title":"Local Labor Market and Fertility: Evidence from the Trade Liberalization in Brazil","authors":"Dieison Lenon Casagrande, Álvaro Barrantes Hidalgo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3374391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3374391","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the effects of local labor market conditions on fertility behavior. The empirical strategy exploits exogenous shock in the demand for local labor generated by Brazil’s trade liberalization in the 1990s. Our results show that adverse shocks to regional employment opportunities created by an increased exposure to international competition affects fertility rates. The results show that local labor markets less exposed to international competition had the reduction in fertility rates. We estimate a decrease of 3.8% in fertility rates when moving from the 90th percentile to the 10th percentile of the tariff change distribution.","PeriodicalId":306953,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Population & Family Planning (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127682037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信