{"title":"Empirical Versus Rational Approach in Structural Engineering--What We Learned from New Zealand in the Trilateral cooperative research on beam-column joints","authors":"H. Aoyama","doi":"10.14359/979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/979","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the background state-of-the-art in reinforced concrete beam-column joint design leading to the U.S. - N.Z.-Japan trilateral cooperative research, outline of the trilateral research and its conclusions affecting the design practice in each country. Particular emphasis is placed on the transition of structural engineering research from empirical approach to rational approach which became apparent in the course of trilateral research and discussions.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116896317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on the Seismic Response of Waffle-Flat Plate Buildings","authors":"M. Rodriguez, R. Meli","doi":"10.14359/987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/987","url":null,"abstract":"Waffle-flat plate buildings are very popular in different countries. Their seismic performance has been very poor. Several research projects on the seismic response of these buildings have been performed at the Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM; their results and findings are summarized in this paper. First, the main features of the structural system and of its resistance to lateral loads are presented. The most common mechanisms of collapse are described and the observed performance during the 1985 Mexico earthquake is discussed. A case study of building performance during the earthquake is briefly presented. Results of an experimental research on a two-story model of a waffle-slab building are described.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123722785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic Ductility Demand and Capacity Design of Earthquake-Resistant Reinforced Concrete Walls","authors":"H. Bachmann, P. Linde","doi":"10.14359/1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/1003","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforced concrete structural walls may provide efficient earthquake-resistance in multi-story buildings. In Europe they are commonly combined with gravity load dominated slender columns whereby the entire horizontal action is taken by the walls. The major findings of this paper pertain to three important design aspects as follows: (1) the dynamic rotational ductility demand may have a different distribution over various height to length aspect ratios of the wall than previously anticipated by static analysis. (2) the dynamic bending moment demand over the height of the wall may differ from the static assumption depending on the aspect ratio of the wall. This necessitates a modified moment capacity distribution. (3) the dynamic shear force at the base of the wall may exceed the previous assumptions of the capacity design method.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"31 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120837147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multistory Precast Concrete Framed Buildings","authors":"A. O'leary","doi":"10.14359/1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/1016","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, design and construction aspects of precast concrete moment resisting frames for the lateral load resistance of multi-storey buildings are described. Discussion concentrates on the particular aspects of the framing system of a 13 storey building constructed in Wellington, New Zealand. The building is octagonal in plan with a perimeter lateral load resisting frame consisting of two storey high precast reinforced concrete elements. Each element includes a column plus two levels of beam stubs. In-situ concrete mid-span beam splices and grouted steel sleeve column rebar splices form the joints between individual units. This paper briefly presents other similar precast systems used for multi-storey buildings. A review of laboratory testing recently completed, is given which confirms the good structural performance of the framing systems described.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124777887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formulation of a Conceptual Seismic Code","authors":"V. Bertero, R. Bertero","doi":"10.14359/1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/1006","url":null,"abstract":"A new conceptual code format has been developed for earthquake-resistant design (EQ-RD) of buildings. It consists of: (1) guidelines for conceptual overall design of entire building systems and (2) a conceptual methodology for numerical EQ-RD of building systems in compliance with the worldwide-accepted EQ-RD philosophy and based on energy concepts, fundamental principles of structural dynamics, mechanical behavior of entire building facilities, and comprehensive design. The numerical EQ-RD methodology considers the desired seismic performance of the entire building system explicitly from the beginning of the EQ-RD process, and concludes by evaluating whether such performance would be achieved. A discussion of the main aspects and problems involved in the preliminary numerical EQ-RD procedure is presented.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122515718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Ductility of Column, Wall, and Beams--How Much is Enough?\"","authors":"W. Corley","doi":"10.14359/984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/984","url":null,"abstract":"Two hypothetical reinforced concrete buildings (one with special moment resisting frames and the other with structural walls) were designed. Using a time-history inelastic behavior approach, both buildings were analyzed. Drifts were determined for these structures when subjected to severe earthquakes similar to those expected in North America. In addition, drifts associated with an analysis based on ground motions measured for the 1985 Mexico City earthquake were also determined. Measured drifts from components detailed under 1990s North American code requirements are compared with calculated building drifts. These comparisons indicate that 1990s code requirements provide significantly more capacity than calculated to be needed for the structures and components considered. Finally, minimum drift requirements for components to be used in ductile frame buildings and in shear wall buildings are suggested.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127968749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shear in Joints and Other Places","authors":"J. Jirsa","doi":"10.14359/980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/980","url":null,"abstract":"Fundamental studies conducted by Paulay and his colleagues and students contributed immeasurably to our understanding of the behavior of joints. However, the approaches used in design codes have not always been the same as those used in New Zealand. The reasons for these differences have much to do with design philosophies, research objectives, and code development procedures. Shear problems at locations other than joints and in elements where rehabilitation (repair and strengthening) is needed to improve performance of structures under earthquake generated deformations still lack definition sufficient for developing code provisions.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132240241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anchorage of Beam Bars with 90-deg Bend in Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints","authors":"O. Joh, Y. Goto, T. Shibata","doi":"10.14359/981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/981","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the author's previous tests, failure modes of beam bar anchorage with 90-degree bend used in reinforced concrete beam-column joints were classified into three types: a side split failure, a local compression failure and a raking-out failure. In order to clarify the raking-out failure, the least understood of the modes, column type specimens with beam bars with 90-degree bend in the beam-column joint were tested under pull-out loading at the bars. The specimen variables were: development length, column depth, lateral reinforcement ratio, spacing between beam bars, concrete compressive strength. From the test results, influence factors on the raking-out failure mode were discussed and an equation evaluating anchorage strength was proposed.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116850505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Canadian Seismic-Resistant Design Code for Reinforced Concrete Buildings","authors":"S. M. Uzumeri","doi":"10.14359/1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/1008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the developments and changes to the seismic design provisions of the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC 1990) since its 1977 edition and discusses the changes to the seismic design provisions of the Canadian Standards Association Standard, Design of Concrete Structures for Buildings (CAN3-A23.3). The paper outlines the philosophy of seismic-resistant design of the Canadian code, discusses the changes to the zoning maps, static design procedures, and the introduction of the force modification factors. The paper also deals with the changes to the Canadian reinforced concrete code and especially with the section on ductile walls, changes to load combination factors, and the explicit links between the concrete code sections containing the detailing requirements and the NBCC sections on determination of the design seismic forces.","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"os-47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127788537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Paulay Years","authors":"R. Park","doi":"10.14359/1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/1042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305630,"journal":{"name":"SP-157: Recent Developments In Lateral Force Transfer In Buildings","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125815351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}