Journal of Addiction最新文献

{"title":"High Frequency and Low Intensity Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Smoking Cessation.","authors":"Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Carlos A Chávez-Castillo,&nbsp;Alma E Ríos-Ponce,&nbsp;Gabriel Villafuerte","doi":"10.1155/2021/9988618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9988618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco consumption is one of the main causes of mortality in the world. Because of its effect on health, smoking cessation should be prioritized as an important health intervention; however, current interventions have shown low success rates as only 31% of the cases can stop smoking. In this paper, an intervention with high frequency and low intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation (HFLI TMS) was applied to determine if this type of neuromodulation could have an effect in decreasing tobacco addiction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective data from ten ambulatory smoker patients that underwent 24 sessions of HFLI TMS over 8 weeks were retrieved and are here presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exhaled CO concentrations were statistically significantly different from baseline at the weeks 3, 5, 6, and 8. After the 24 sessions, all patients stopped smoking; this was confirmed directly by exhaled carbon monoxide and the smoking diary. Three months after intervention, eight out of ten subjects continued without smoking. No severe adverse effects were reported by participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, employing HFLI TMS appears to have acceptable result; however, further evidence is needed to determine with more certainty its therapeutic effect and adverse effects for addiction intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2021 ","pages":"9988618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8476253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39470444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Negative Affect Focused Functional Imagery Training Abolishes Stress-Induced Alcohol Choice in Hazardous Student Drinkers.","authors":"Alexandra Elissavet Bakou,&nbsp;Ruichong Shuai,&nbsp;Lee Hogarth","doi":"10.1155/2021/5801781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5801781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Imagery-based stress management therapies are effective at reducing alcohol use. To explore the therapeutic mechanism, the current study tested whether brief functional imagery training linked to personal negative affect drinking triggers would attenuate sensitivity to noise stress-induced alcohol seeking behaviour in a laboratory model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were UK-based hazardous student drinkers (<i>N</i> = 61, 80.3% women, aged 18-25) who reported drinking to cope with negative affect. Participants in the active intervention group (<i>n</i> = 31) were briefly trained to respond to personal negative drinking triggers by retrieving an adaptive strategy to mitigate negative affect, whereas participants in the control group (<i>n</i> = 30) received risk information about binge drinking at university. The relative value of alcohol was then measured by preference to view alcohol versus food pictures in two-alternative choice trials, before (baseline) and during noise stress induction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant two-way interaction (<i>p</i> < .04) where the control group increased their alcohol picture choice from baseline to the noise stress test (<i>p</i> < .001), whereas the active intervention group did not (<i>p</i>=.33), and the control group chose alcohol more frequently than the active group in the stress test (<i>p</i>=.03), but not at baseline (<i>p</i>=.16).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that imagery-based mood management can protect against the increase in the relative value of alcohol motivated by acute stress in hazardous negative affect drinkers, suggesting this mechanism could underpin the therapeutic effect of mood management on drinking outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5801781"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8464424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39464004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Areca Nut Chewing: Initiation, Addiction, and Harmful Effects Emphasizing the Barriers and Importance of Cessation.","authors":"I A Athukorala, W M Tilakaratne, R D Jayasinghe","doi":"10.1155/2021/9967097","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/9967097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Areca nut is a highly addictive substance with carcinogenic properties and causes many harmful effects to the human body. Alkaloids are the major chemicals found in areca nut, and their mechanism of action has been studied for several years. About 600 million people around the world use areca nut, and its usage is higher in Asian countries. Areca nut chewers get used to the habit mainly due to social influence, stress, or lack of awareness. Some studies have reported a dependence syndrome related to areca nut chewing. Even though there are many ongoing research studies regarding tobacco addiction, less concern has been given to the areca nut addiction. There are only few studies related to areca nut cessation, and even those few cessation programs are mainly designed using tobacco cessation methodology. Sociocultural influence, behavioral factors, and accessibility are the main barriers to cessation. Behavior changing interventions proved to be more effective in areca nut cessation, but recently studies on pharmacological therapies are also emerging.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2021 ","pages":"9967097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8192186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39109341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risky Alcohol Drinking Pattern and Its Association with Educational Attainment and Wealth Index among Adult Men Population in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey.","authors":"Gedefaw Diress,&nbsp;Getinet Wondim","doi":"10.1155/2021/6646085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6646085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Risky alcohol drinking is one of the major public health problems and an important health risk factor for premature death and disability worldwide. Identifying the determinants of risky alcohol drinking patterns is crucial for developing and improving intervention on drinking behavior. In Ethiopia, the role of educational attainment and affluence in reducing risky alcohol drinking patterns among men remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association of educational status and affluence with risky alcohol drinking patterns using national representative data in Ethiopia. Secondary data analysis was conducted on 12,688 adult men using data from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey (EDHS). The dependent variable was a risky alcohol drinking pattern which is defined as the consumption of alcohol every day in the last 12 months before the interview. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the association between educational attainment, Ethiopian standard wealth index, and risky alcohol drinking pattern, after adjusting for the potential confounders. The overall magnitude of risky alcohol drinking patterns among men in Ethiopia was 4.5% (95% CI: 3.4-5.9). Of the total men who had ever taken alcohol, 9.7% of men drink almost every day in the last 12 months. The odds of having a risky alcohol drinking pattern were lower among men who completed secondary education (AOR = 0.56 (0.329-0.961)) and men who completed higher education levels (AOR = 0.35 (0.164-0.765)) as compared to men who did not attend any formal education. Adult men in the top two wealth quintiles were twice more likely to have risky alcohol drinking patterns than those in the lowest wealth quintile (AOR = 2.13 (1.254-3.605)). This study showed that from the total adult male population, nearly 5% of Ethiopian men had risky drinking patterns. Individuals with low educational status and greater affluence engaged in high-risk alcohol consumption behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2021 ","pages":"6646085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8062164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38860846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Use and Its Associated Factors among Adolescents Aged 15-19 Years at Governmental High Schools of Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Enguday Tirfeneh Gebeyehu,&nbsp;Mengesha Srahbzu Biresaw","doi":"10.1155/2021/5518946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5518946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The impact of alcohol use among adolescents is multidisciplinary and affects the adolescent's academic performance, precipitates with sexually transmitted infections or psychiatric disorders, and disturbs the social domain of adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of alcohol use among adolescents aged 15-19 years at the governmental high schools of Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, in 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 January 2019 at Aksum town high school. Alcohol use was assessed by asking the question \"have you used at least one of the alcoholic beverages in the last three months for nonmedical purposes?\" Study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected with face-to-face interview and were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between alcohol use and associated factors. Adjusted odds ratio at a <i>p</i> value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was taken to declare the statistical significance of variables.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>About 633 adolescents aged 15-19 years were addressed with a response rate of 99.7%. Prevalence of alcohol use was found to be 39.7% [95% CI (35.7, 43.6)]. Being male [AOR = 1.80; 95% CI (1.24, 2.60)], fathers' educational status 1-8 grades [AOR = 2.98; 95% CI (1.60, 5.53)], fathers' occupation farming [AOR = 4.24; 95% CI (2.038.85)], experienced parental neglect [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.20, 2.55)], strong social support [AOR = 1.79; 95% CI (1.11, 2.87)], and family size of greater than five [AOR = 2.03; 95%CI (1.39, 2.97)] were factors identified to be significantly associated with alcohol use among adolescents aged 15-19 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the current study, the prevalence of alcohol use is found to be high when compared to other populations. A strong association has been found between alcohol use and lower paternal educational status and farming as an occupation of parents. There should be a regular awareness creation program for parents with lower education about the devastating effects of alcohol on adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5518946"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8007373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25567588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic Correlates of Alcohol Abuse in Kassena-Nankana Municipality, Ghana.","authors":"John Nyaaba Anyinzaam-Adolipore,&nbsp;Abdul Rauf Alhassan","doi":"10.1155/2020/4375420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4375420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main aim of the study was to assess the level of alcohol abuse and related factors in Kassena-Nankana Municipal of Ghana. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey with 397 participants, using AUDIT to assess alcohol use. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS. Bivariate analysis was done using chi-square and multivariate analysis was done using the multinomial logistics regression model. Lifetime alcohol use among the study participants was 96.0%; out of this, 51.7% were engaged in possibly dependent drinking, 23.4% involved in harmful drinking, and 24.9% involved in moderate drinking. Males were more likely to engage in harmful drinking than moderate (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.175-4.776). Males again were more likely to engage in dependent drinking than moderate (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.489-5.068). Christians as compared to traditionalists were less likely engage in dependent drinking than moderate drinking (AOR = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.223-0.940). Those with tertiary education were less likely to engage in dependent drinking than moderate as compare to those without formal education (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.076-0.670). Also employed civil servants were more likely to engage in dependent drinking than moderate as compared to those without employment (AOR = 4.4, 95% CI: 1.187-16.646). This study revealed a high prevalence of alcohol abuse among the residents of Kassena-Nankana municipality that was predicted by gender, educational level, and religious practice; therefore, there is a need for a public campaign on the harmful effects of alcohol abuse in the municipality.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2020 ","pages":"4375420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7661108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38614722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Alcohol Use and Associated Factors among Dilla University Students, Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Yigrem Ali Chekole","doi":"10.1155/2020/3971090","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/3971090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Globally, alcohol is one of the most prevalent forms of substance use that is particularly high among young age groups. Despite the adverse health and social challenges associated with alcohol use, it is one of the most common risky behaviours among university students.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol use and associated factors among Dilla University students in Southern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Dilla University among undergraduate regular students from January to February 2018. A systematic random sampling technique was used to get a total sample of 803 students each year from the department of the university. The collected data were coded, entered into Epi Info version 7.1, and analyzed with SPSS version 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 803 participants were successfully interviewed with a response rate of 91.7%. Alcohol use prevalence was 41.8% (<i>n</i> = 336) among participants. Being in fourth year (AOR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.64, 4.31), having friends who use the substance (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.1), being a khat user (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.09), and being a cigarette smoker (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.84) were found to be significantly associated with alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study revealed that fourth-year students, having friends who use the substance, being khat user, and being cigarette smoker had higher odds of alcohol use among the students. So the findings suggest that effective campus-based counselling and peer education should be implemented for early prevention, detection, and alleviation of alcohol use among students in the university.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3971090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7591972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38557422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schizotypy but not Cannabis Use Modestly Predicts Psychotogenic Experiences: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE).","authors":"Nicola D Airey,&nbsp;Richard Hammersley,&nbsp;Marie Reid","doi":"10.1155/2020/5961275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5961275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cannabis use predicts psychosis in longitudinal studies, but it is difficult to infer causation. Some precursor variables predict both, including childhood trauma and adversity. Additionally, some of the desired effects of cannabis use resemble the symptoms of psychosis. It would be preferable to assess psychotomimetic or \"unusual\" experiences that include psychotic symptoms but without assuming pathology. Finally, it is possible that similar people are prone to psychosis and drawn to cannabis use, perhaps, because they are sensitive or attracted to unusual experiences. Schizotypy provides a trait measure of proneness to unusual experiences. The study aimed to examine cross-sectionally relationships between cannabis use, schizotypy, and unusual experiences whilst controlling for current trauma symptoms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A volunteer online sample (<i>n</i> = 129, 64% women, predominantly students) who had used cannabis at least once was recruited. People who reported active effects of past trauma were excluded with a brief primary care posttraumatic stress disorder screen. Participants completed the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experience, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, and measures of substance use and sociodemographics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of respondents recounted unusual experiences after cannabis use, and many of these might have been considered symptoms of psychosis if they had received medical attention. In regression analysis, the only predictor of the unusual experiences scale of O-LIFE was schizotypy (measured by the remaining subscales; 4% of variance). There were no correlations between cannabis use frequency and schizotypy or unusual experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that, after controlling for schizotypy and excluding people who are actively experiencing the effects of past trauma, frequency of cannabis use does not predict unusual experiences. However, individuals with schizotypal personality traits may have more unusual experiences when using cannabis.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2020 ","pages":"5961275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5961275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38648965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveying the Effect of Opioid Abuse on the Extent of Coronary Artery Diseases in Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Seyyed Ali Moezi Bady,&nbsp;Maryam Soltani,&nbsp;Toba Kazemi,&nbsp;Saeede Khosravi Bizhaem,&nbsp;Nazanin Hanafi Bojd,&nbsp;Neda Partovi,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Mashreghimoghadam,&nbsp;Fatemeh Hamidi,&nbsp;Nahid Azdaki","doi":"10.1155/2020/8619805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8619805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is recognized as one of the most common, serious, and costly chronic diseases. Opium addiction is also a common health problem in Iran. Given the high prevalence of opium use in South Khorasan Province and the increasing prevalence of opioid abuse in the community, this study was performed to investigate the effect of opioid abuse on the extent of disease in diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography in the cardiology department of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Birjand city, South Khorasan Province, Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study recruited a total of 1051 diabetic patients who underwent coronary angiography in the cardiology department of Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Birjand city from 2011 to 2015. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 with the chi-square test and univariate regression analysis. <i>P</i> value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among opiate-addicted diabetics, the risk of coronary artery disease was 0.44 times higher than among nonaddicted diabetics (range 0.24-0.77, <i>P</i>=0.004). The extent of coronary vessel involvement, when present, was not different between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Opiate-addicted diabetics appear to be more susceptible to CAD than their nonaddicted counterparts. The determinants and correlates of this interaction must be the subject of further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8619805"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8619805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38238738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Alcohol Use in Safety-Net Primary Care: Classism, Religiosity, and Race.","authors":"Michael A Trujillo,&nbsp;Erin R Smith,&nbsp;Sarah Griffin,&nbsp;Allison B Williams,&nbsp;Paul B Perrin,&nbsp;Bruce Rybarczyk","doi":"10.1155/2020/5916318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5916318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Class-based discrimination may impact problematic drinking in low-income populations, which may be buffered by personal religiosity. However, little is known how race may impact this association. The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in the effect of class-based discrimination on problematic drinking as moderated by comfort with God and determine if there were conditional direct effects of class-based discrimination on problematic drinking by race. In this cross-sectional study, participants (<i>N</i> = 189) were patients of an urban, safety-net primary care clinic who completed questionnaires assessing experiences of class-based discrimination, attitudes toward God, and alcohol use. Data were collected from 2015 to 2016 and analyzed using the Hayes PROCESS macro. There was a significant main effect for class-based discrimination predicting problematic drinking. Two-way interaction analyses identified a significant comfort with God by race interaction with greater comfort with God associated with less problematic drinking among white but not black respondents. Conditional direct effects showed that experiences of class-based discrimination were associated with problematic drinking at low and moderate but not high levels of comfort with God in black participants, whereas none were observed for white participants. This study provides insight on how personal religiosity, class-based discrimination, and race may intertwine to shape problematic alcohol use in primarily low-income, urban patients. Clinicians' awareness of risk and protective factors, as well as how race tempers the effects of such factors, is vital in providing better care for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":30499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction","volume":"2020 ","pages":"5916318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5916318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38114955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}